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The American Indians developed a network of eastern trade and warrior trails stretching from the Great Lakes to the Gulf Coast. One of these trails, the Great Warrior Path from New York to the Carolinas, also served as the western boundary of British settlement until 1744. In that year a new treaty gave control of the east side of the trail to European colonists in Virginia. This opened the way for the trail to evolve into one of the most important roads for settlers in Colonial America.<ref>Dollarhide, 5.</ref> By 1765 the road was cleared for use by horse drawn wagons.<ref name="ComptonB">Brenda E.McPherson Compton, "The Scots-Irish From Ulster and The Great Philadelphia Wagon Road" in ''ElectricScotland.com'' at [http://www.electricscotland.com/history/america/wagon_road.htm http://www.electricscotland.com/history/america/wagon_road.htm] (accessed 31 July 2010).</ref> | The American Indians developed a network of eastern trade and warrior trails stretching from the Great Lakes to the Gulf Coast. One of these trails, the Great Warrior Path from New York to the Carolinas, also served as the western boundary of British settlement until 1744. In that year a new treaty gave control of the east side of the trail to European colonists in Virginia. This opened the way for the trail to evolve into one of the most important roads for settlers in Colonial America.<ref>Dollarhide, 5.</ref> By 1765 the road was cleared for use by horse drawn wagons.<ref name="ComptonB">Brenda E.McPherson Compton, "The Scots-Irish From Ulster and The Great Philadelphia Wagon Road" in ''ElectricScotland.com'' at [http://www.electricscotland.com/history/america/wagon_road.htm http://www.electricscotland.com/history/america/wagon_road.htm] (accessed 31 July 2010).</ref> | ||
After 1744, the Great Valley Road was most heavily used by Ulster-Irish immigrants called Scots-Irish in America to spread through most of Appalachia bringing their [[United States Church Records#Presbyterian|Presbyterian]] religion.<ref name="ComptonB" /> Pennsylvania Germans also used the trail to spread into the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. The first settlements in Tennessee were associated with the end of the trail in that region. | After 1744, the Great Valley Road was most heavily used by Ulster-Irish immigrants called Scots-Irish in America to spread through most of Appalachia bringing their [[United States Church Records#Presbyterian|Presbyterian]] religion.<ref name="ComptonB" /> Pennsylvania Germans also used the trail to spread into the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia. The Moravians of Pennsylvania followed the road to settle the Wachovia region of North Carolina starting in 1753. The first settlements of Virginians in Tennessee were associated with the end of the trail in that region in the 1760s. | ||
In 1746 the [[Pioneer Road]] first crossed the Blue Ridge Mountains from Alexandria to Winchester, Virginia, where it fed into the Great Valley Road.<ref>Dollarhide, 6</ref> The [[Wilderness Road]] opened in 1775 into central Kentucky, and branched off the Great Valley Road in southwest Virginia at Bristol (Sapling Grove).<ref>Dollarhide, 12-13.</ref> Starting in the late 1770s explorers and pioneers at Staunton, Virginia started using the [[Kanawha Trail|Kanawha Trail]] which followed the New River/Kanawha River into West Virginia.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Kanawha River" in ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanawha_River (accessed 1 August 2010).</ref> From the terminus of the Great Valley Road at Knoxville, [[Avery's Trace|Avery's Trace]] to Nashville opened in 1788, and the [[Georgia Road]] to Athens opened in 1805. | In 1746 the [[Pioneer Road]] first crossed the Blue Ridge Mountains from Alexandria to Winchester, Virginia, where it fed into the Great Valley Road.<ref>Dollarhide, 6</ref> The [[Wilderness Road]] opened in 1775 into central Kentucky, and branched off the Great Valley Road in southwest Virginia at Bristol (Sapling Grove).<ref>Dollarhide, 12-13.</ref> Starting in the late 1770s explorers and pioneers at Staunton, Virginia started using the [[Kanawha Trail|Kanawha Trail]] which followed the New River/Kanawha River into West Virginia.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Kanawha River" in ''Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia'' at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanawha_River (accessed 1 August 2010).</ref> From the terminus of the Great Valley Road at Knoxville, [[Avery's Trace|Avery's Trace]] to Nashville opened in 1788, and the [[Georgia Road]] to Athens opened in 1805. | ||
=== Route === | === Route === | ||