Oregon Indigenous Peoples: Difference between revisions

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{{Oregon-stub}}''< ''[[Oregon|''Oregon'']]  
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{{OR-sidebar}}


== Tribes and Bands of Oregon  ==


The following list of American Indians who have lived in Oregon has been compiled from Hodge's ''Handbook of American Indians...''<ref>Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].</ref> and from Swanton's ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/oregon/index.htm Available online].</ref>. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe.  
=== Tribes and Bands of Oregon  ===
 
The following list of Native Americans who have lived in Oregon has been compiled from Hodge's ''Handbook of American Indians...''<ref>Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [https://archive.org/details/handbookamindians02hodgrich Available online].</ref> and from Swanton's ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/oregon/index.htm Available online].</ref>. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe.  


Ahantchuyuk, Alsea, Atfalati, [[Bannock Indians|Bannock]], [[Cayuse Indians|Cayuse]], Chastacosta, Chelamela, Chepenafa, Chetco, Clackamas, Clatskanie, Clatsop, Clowwewalla, [[Coquille Indians|Coquille]], Dakubetede, Hanis, [[Kalapuya Indians|Kalapuya]], [[Klamath Indians|Klamath]], Kuitsh, Latgawa, Lohim, Luckiamute, Lakmiut, Miluk, Mishikhwutmetunne, [[Modoc Indians|Modoc]], Molala, Multnomah, [[Nez Perce Indians|Nez Perce]], [[Paiute Indians|Paiute]] (Northern), Santiam, [[Shasta Indians|Shasta]], [[Siletz Indians|Siletz]], Siuslaw, Skilloot, Snake, Takelma, Taltushtuntude, Tenino, Tillamook, Tututni, Tyigh, [[Umatilla Indians|Umatilla,]] [[Umpqua Indians|Umpqua]], [[Walla Walla Indians|Wallawalla]], Walpapi, Wasco (Wascopum), Watlala, Yahuskin, Yamel, Yaquina, Yoncalla  
Ahantchuyuk, Alsea, Atfalati, [[Bannock Indians|Bannock]], [[Cayuse Indians|Cayuse]], Chastacosta, Chelamela, Chepenafa, Chetco, Clackamas, Clatskanie, Clatsop, Clowwewalla, [[Coquille Indians|Coquille]], Dakubetede, Hanis, [[Kalapuya Indians|Kalapuya]], [[Klamath Indians|Klamath]], Kuitsh, Latgawa, Lohim, Luckiamute, Lakmiut, Miluk, Mishikhwutmetunne, [[Modoc Indians|Modoc]], Molala, Multnomah, [[Nez Perce Indians|Nez Perce]], [[Paiute Indians|Paiute]] (Northern), Santiam, [[Shasta Indians|Shasta]], [[Siletz Indians|Siletz]], Siuslaw, Skilloot, Snake, Takelma, Taltushtuntude, Tenino, Tillamook, Tututni, Tyigh, [[Umatilla Indians|Umatilla,]] [[Umpqua Indians|Umpqua]], [[Walla Walla Indians|Wallawalla]], Walpapi, Wasco (Wascopum), Watlala, Yahuskin, Yamel, Yaquina, Yoncalla  


=== Confederation Tribes: ===
==== Confederation Tribes  ====


*[[Burns Paiute Tribe, Oregon|Burns Paiute Tribe]]  
*[[Burns Paiute Tribe, Oregon|Burns Paiute Tribe]]  
Line 18: Line 26:
*[[Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes|Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes]]
*[[Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes|Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes]]


== Reservations  ==
=== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs ===
 
From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.
 
Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.
 
The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.
 
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/or.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.</ref>, and other sources. Those reservations named in '''bold''' are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.<br>
 
*'''[[Burns Paiute Indian Colony (Oregon)|Burns Paiute Reservation]]:'''
*Celilo Village
*'''Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Reservation:'''
*Coquille Indian Tribal Community
*Cow Creek
*'''[[Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation|Fort McDermitt Reservation]]:'''
*'''[[Grand Ronde Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Grand Ronde Reservation]]:'''
*'''[[Malheur Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Malheur Reservation]]:'''
*'''[[Siletz Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Siletz Reservation]]: '''Federal /State, under the jurisdiction of Siletz Agency
*'''[[Umatilla Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Umatilla Reservation]]:''' Federal, under the jurisdiction of Umatilla Agency, Tribes: Cayuse, Walla Walla and Umatilla
*'''[[Warm Springs Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Warm Springs Reservation]]:''' Federal, under the jurisdiction of Warm Springs Agency, Tribes: Warm Springs, Northern Paiute, and Wasco
 
== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs  ==


[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.  
[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.  


The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Oregon has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library {{FHL|247426|item}} book 970.1 H551o].)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. ({FHL|207428|item}} book 970.1 H551g].)</ref>, and others.  
The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Oregon has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|247426|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551o.}}</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. ({FHL|207428|item}} book 970.1 H551g].)</ref>, and others.  


*[[Chiloquin Indian Sub-Agency (Oregon)|Chiloquin Sub-Agency]]  
*[[Chiloquin Indian Sub-Agency (Oregon)|Chiloquin Sub-Agency]]  
*[[Grand Ronde Indian Agency (Oregon)|Grand Ronde Agency]]  
*[[Grand Ronde Indian Agency (Oregon)|Grand Ronde Agency]]  
*[[Grand Ronde-Siletz Indian Agency (Oregon)|Grand Ronde - Siletz Agency]]  
*[[Grand Ronde-Siletz Indian Agency (Oregon)|Grand Ronde - Siletz Agency]]  
*[[Klamath Indian Agency (Oregon)|Klamath Agency&nbsp;]]  
*[[Klamath Indian Agency (Oregon)|Klamath Agency ]]  
*[[Malheur Indian Agency (Oregon)|Malheur Agency]]  
*[[Malheur Indian Agency (Oregon)|Malheur Agency]]  
*Northern Idaho Agency  
*[[Northern Idaho Indian Agency (Idaho)|Northern Idaho Agency]]
*[[Port Orford Indian Agency (Oregon)|Port Orford Agency]]  
*[[Port Orford Indian Agency (Oregon)|Port Orford Agency]]  
*[[Rogue River Indian Agency (Oregon)|Rogue River Agency]]  
*[[Rogue River Indian Agency (Oregon)|Rogue River Agency]]  
*Roseburg, Greenville and Tule River Agencies (See also California)  
*[[Roseburg Indian Agency (Oregon)|Roseburg]], [[Greenville Indian Agency (California)|Greenville]], and [[Tule River Indian Agency (California)|Tule River]] Agencies (See also California)  
*[[Siletz Indian Agency (Oregon)|Siletz Agency]], P.O. Box 539, Siletz, OR 97380  
*[[Siletz Indian Agency (Oregon)|Siletz Agency]], P.O. Box 539, Siletz, OR 97380  
*Southeastern District Agency  
*[[Southeastern District Indian Agency (Oregon)|Southeastern District Agency]]
*[[Umatilla Indian Agency (Oregon)|Umatilla Agency]], P.O. Box&nbsp;520, Pendelton, OR 97801  
*[[Umatilla Indian Agency (Oregon)|Umatilla Agency]], P.O. Box 520, Pendelton, OR 97801  
*[[Warm Springs Indian Agency (Oregon)|Warm Springs Agency]], P.O.Box 1239, Warm Springs, OR 97761
*[[Warm Springs Indian Agency (Oregon)|Warm Springs Agency]], P.O.Box 1239, Warm Springs, OR 97761


== Indian Schools  ==
=== Records ===
 
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br>
 
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]]
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]]
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]]
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]]
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]
 
=== History  ===
 
Oregon Indians Voices from Two Centuries. FS Library Book 970.1 B388o
 
===Allotment Records===
 
Allotted Tribes of Oregon
 
•Burns Paiute Reservation, Grande Ronde Reservation, Klamath, North Section Allottees, Siletz, Umatilla, Warm Springs
•Klamath, Yakima
 
=== Indian Schools  ===


The Office of Indian Affairs (now the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]]) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on Indian children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools which served Indian children from a number of tribes and reservations.  
The Office of Indian Affairs (now the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]]) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools that served children from a number of tribes and reservations.  


In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on American Indian children. ([[American Indian School Records|read more...]])  
In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on Native American children. ([[American Indian School Records|read more...]])  


The following list of Indian Schools in Oregon has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. {{FHL|247426|item}} book 970.1 H551o].)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. {{FHL|207428|item}} book 970.1 H551g].)</ref>, and others.  
The following list of Indian Schools in Oregon has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. {{FSC|247426|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551o.}}</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. {{FSC|207428|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551g].)</ref>, and others.  


*[[Chemawa Indian School (Oregon)|Chemawa Indian School]] {{FHL|126720|item}} 1028472])
*[[Chemawa Indian School (Oregon)|Chemawa Indian School]] {{FSC|126720|item|disp=FS Library film 1028472}}  
*[[Salem Indian School (Oregon)|Salem School]]  
*[[Salem Indian School (Oregon)|Salem School]]  
*[[Siletz Indian School (Oregon)|Siletz School]]  
*[[Siletz Indian School (Oregon)|Siletz School]]  
*[[Warm Springs Indian School (Oregon)|Warm Springs School]]
*[[Warm Springs Indian School (Oregon)|Warm Springs School]]


== See Also: ==
=== Reservations ===


[[Oregon Church Records|Oregon- Church]] for a list of missions
From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the Native Americans was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.


[[Oregon History|Oregon-History]] for a calendar of events
Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.


[[Oregon Military Records|Oregon- Military]] for a list of forts
The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.


== Family History Library  ==
For a current reservation map, see [https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/uploads/12_bia_regions.pdf Map of Indian Lands in the United States], U.S. Department of the Interior.


The Family History Library has histories of the various tribes that have lived in [[Oregon]]. The library also has microfilm copies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs' records of births, marriages, deaths, censuses, schools, land allotments, and heirships. In general, these are for 1877 to 1952 and include records of the Chemawa Indian School, Grand Ronde-Siletz and Klamath agencies and the Portland Area Office. The original documents are at the '''[http://www.archives.gov/pacific-alaska/seattle/ National Archives—Pacific Alaska Region (Seattle)]''' and their internet site.  
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>[https://www.loc.gov/item/79654043/ National Atlas of the United States, 1970], Federal Lands and Indian Reservations.</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.</ref>, and other sources. Those reservations named in '''bold''' are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.<br>


*Of special value are the Family Index Cards, 1938-1950 from the Portland Office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs {{FHL|129295|item}} 1028470 item 4 to 1028471]) and Family History and Medical Data, 1904-1937 from the Klamath Agency ({{FHL|128969|item}} 1028454 item 2 to 1028455]).
*'''[[Burns Paiute Indian Colony (Oregon)|Burns Paiute Reservation]]'''
*A useful guide is Charles E. McChesney, ''Rolls of Certain Indian Tribes in Oregon and Washington'' (Fairfield, Washington: Ye Galleon Press, l969; {{FHL|174136|item}} 970.1 R659]).
*Celilo Village
 
*'''Coos, Lower Umpqua, and Siuslaw Reservation'''  
Other records are also listed in the Subject Search of the Family History Library Catalog under the name of the tribe or in the Place Search of the catalog under the name of the state and various subjects, such as PROBATE RECORDS and LAND AND PROPERTY.
*Coquille Indian Tribal Community
 
*Cow Creek
*Jesuits Mission 1853-1960, 34 films, 1st film {{FHL|501251|item}} 1671639] (covering eastern Washington, northern Idaho, western Montana and northeast Oregon)  
*'''[[Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation|Fort McDermitt Reservation]]'''
*Chemawa Indian School 1883-1947, 1st film {{FHL|126720|item}} 1028472] (based in [[Salem, Oregon|Salem]], Oregon)
*'''[[Grand Ronde Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Grand Ronde Reservation]]'''
*Territorial Papers of Oregon 1848-1907, 12 films M1049, 1st film {{FHL|479414|item}} 1695681]  
*'''[[Klamath Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Klamath Reservation]]'''
*Department of Interior 1849-1907, 10 films M0814, 1st film {{FHL|479088|item}} 1695733]
*'''[[Malheur Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Malheur Reservation]]'''
*Office of Indian Affairs Oregon Superintendency 1848-1873, 29 films, 1st film {{FHL|403585|item}} 1617787]  
*'''[[Siletz Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Siletz Reservation]] '''Federal /State, under the jurisdiction of Siletz Agency
*Oregon Superintendency 1842-1880
*'''[[Umatilla Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Umatilla Reservation]]:''' Federal, under the jurisdiction of Umatilla Agency, Tribes: Cayuse, Walla Walla and Umatilla
 
*'''[[Warm Springs Indian Reservation (Oregon)|Warm Springs Reservation]]''' Federal, under the jurisdiction of Warm Springs Agency, Tribes: Warm Springs, Northern Paiute, and Wasco
Records available on the internet can be located by using a search engine with key words such as "Indians Tribes Oregon".


== [[Indians of Oregon Agency Records|Agency Records]]  ==
=== [[Indians of Oregon Agency Records|Agency Records]]  ===


The records are various and covers many different type of records such as births, marriages, deaths, land allotments, school records.  
The records are various and covers many different type of records such as births, marriages, deaths, land allotments, school records.  


== Census Records  ==
=== Census Records  ===


{| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%" align="left"
{| width="100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" align="left"
|-
|-
| Film #  
| Film #  
Line 112: Line 121:
| Specifics
| Specifics
|-
|-
| {{FHL|265830|item}} 1025313]
| {{FSC|265830|item|disp=FS Library film 1025313}}  
| 1901-1950  
| 1901-1950  
| Grand Ronde-Siletz  
| Grand Ronde-Siletz  
| Contains registers of Indian families, 1901-1902, 1922-1927, 1940; census rolls, 1932-1945, 1950.
| Contains registers of Indian families, 1901-1902, 1922-1927, 1940; census rolls, 1932-1945, 1950.
|-
|-
| {{FHL|238430|item}} 1021379 item 5]
| {{FSC|238430|item|disp=FS Library film 1021379 item 5}}
| 1916-1925<br>
| 1916-1925<br>  
| Warm Springs  
| Warm Springs  
| School census and related information
| School census and related information
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|238430|item}} 1021383 item 1]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|238430|item|disp=FS Library film1021383 item 1}}  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1880-1934  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1880-1934  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Warm Springs  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Warm Springs  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census 1880, 1882, 1915, 1934<br>
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census 1880, 1882, 1915, 1934<br>
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|238430|item}} 1021384 item 9]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|238430|item|disp=FS Library film 1021384 item 9}}
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1897-1946  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1897-1946  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Warm Springs  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Warm Springs  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Burns census (of Paiutes)
| style="vertical-align: top" | Burns census (of Paiutes)
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|238430|item}} 1023185 item 2]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|238430|item|disp=FS Library film 1023185 item 2}}
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1926-1944  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1926-1944  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Warm Springs  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Warm Springs  
| style="vertical-align: top" | School census
| style="vertical-align: top" | School census
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|279166|item}} 1022004]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|279166|item|disp=FS Library film 1022004}}  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1920-1924, 1927  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1920-1924, 1927  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Umatilla  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Umatilla  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Umatilla Agency census
| style="vertical-align: top" | Umatilla Agency census
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|727014|item}} 576913 items 13-14]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|727014|item|disp=FS Library film 576913 items 13-14}}
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1892-1893  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1892-1893  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census for Klamath Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath, Oregon, 1892-1893
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census for Klamath Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath, Oregon, 1892-1893
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|727014|item}} 576913 item 18]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|727014|item|disp=FS Library film 576913 item 18}}
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1896  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1896  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census for Klamath Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath, Oregon, 1896
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census for Klamath Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath, Oregon, 1896
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|726988|item}} 576913 item 4]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|726988|item|disp=FS Library film 576913 item 4}}
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1886  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1886  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census for Klamath, Modoc Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath Oregon, 1886
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census for Klamath, Modoc Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath Oregon, 1886
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|726988|item}} 576913 item 6-7]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|726988|item|disp=FS Library film 576913 item 6-7}}
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1887-1888  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1887-1888  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census for Klamath, Modoc Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath Oregon, 187-1888
| style="vertical-align: top" | Census for Klamath, Modoc Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath Oregon, 1887-1888
|-
|-
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FHL|726988|item}} 576913 item 10]
| style="vertical-align: top" | {{FSC|726988|item|disp=FS Library film 576913 item 10}}
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1889  
| style="vertical-align: top" | 1889  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
| style="vertical-align: top" | Klamath  
Line 173: Line 182:
|}
|}


== References  ==
<br>
 
*A useful guide is Charles E. McChesney, ''Rolls of Certain Indian Tribes in Oregon and Washington'' (Fairfield, Washington: Ye Galleon Press, l969) {{WorldCat|237124991|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}}; {{FSC|174136|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 R659.}}
 
=== Military Records  ===
 
Schwartz, E. A,. The Rouge River Indian War and Its Aftermath, 1850-1980. Norman, Ok: University of Oklahoma Press. c1997. {{FSC|731903|item|disp= FS Library book 970.1Sch95r}} [http://www.worldcat.org/title/rogue-river-indian-war-and-its-aftermath-1850-1980/oclc/35103496 WorldCat]
 
=== School Records  ===
 
*Jesuits Mission 1853-1960 {{FSC|501251|item|disp=FS Library film 1671639 (first of 34 films)}} (covering eastern Washington, northern Idaho, western Montana and northeast Oregon)
 
*Chemawa Indian School 1883-1947 {{FSC|126720|item|disp=FS Library film 1028472 (first film)}} (based in [[Salem, Oregon|Salem]], Oregon)
 
=== FamilySearch Library  ===
 
The FamilySearch Library has histories of the various tribes that have lived in [[Oregon, United States Genealogy|Oregon]]. The library also has microfilm copies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs' records of births, marriages, deaths, censuses, schools, land allotments, and heirships. In general, these are for 1877 to 1952 and include records of the Chemawa Indian School, Grand Ronde-Siletz and Klamath agencies and the Portland Area Office. The original documents are at the '''[http://www.archives.gov/pacific-alaska/seattle/ National Archives—Pacific Alaska Region (Seattle)]''' and their internet site. See also the FamilySearch Catalog [https://familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&keyword=Oregon+Native+Races&prekeyword=Oregon+Native+Races Oregon Native Races].<br>
 
*Of special value are the Family Index Cards, 1938-1950 from the Portland Office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs {{FSC|129295|item|disp=FS Library film 1028470 item 4 to 1028471}} and Family History and Medical Data, 1904-1937 from the Klamath Agency {{FSC|128969|item|disp=FS Library film 1028454 item 2 to 1028455.}}
 
*Territorial Papers of Oregon 1848-1907, 12 films M1049, 1st film {{FSC|479414|item|disp=FS Library film 1695681}}
 
*Department of Interior 1849-1907 {{FSC|479088|item|disp=FS Library film 1695733}}
 
*Office of Indian Affairs Oregon Superintendency 1848-1873 {{FSC|403585|item|disp=FS Library film 1617787 (first of 29 films)}}
 
*Oregon Superintendency 1842-1880
 
*Indians of Oregon Bibliography,1966-1983. by Betty Book. {{FSC|705544|item|disp=FS Library Book 970.1 B639i}} [http://www.worldcat.org/title/indians-of-oregon-bibliography-1966-1983/oclc/866254902 WorldCat]
 
*Other records may be found in the FamilySearch Catalog in the "Subject" Search using the name of the tribe, or in the Place-names Search of the Catalog under the name of the state and various subjects, such as PROBATE RECORDS and LAND AND PROPERTY.
 
=== Internet  ===
 
*[http://bluebook.state.or.us/national/tribal/tribal.htm Oregon's Indian Tribes at Oregon Blue Book]
 
*[http://www.500nations.com/Oregon_Tribes.asp Oregon Tribes at 500 Nations] Includes address of tribal offices.
 
*Other website may be located by using a search engine with key words such as "Indians Tribes Oregon".
 
=== Articles  ===
 
[[Oregon Church Records|Church records]] for a list of missions
 
[[Oregon History|History]] for a calendar of events
 
[[Oregon Military Records|Military]] for a list of forts
 
=== References  ===


{{reflist}}
<references />


=== Bibliography  ===
=== Bibliography  ===
Line 184: Line 241:
*Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches''. New York, New York: Clearwater Publishing Company, Inc., 1974.  
*Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches''. New York, New York: Clearwater Publishing Company, Inc., 1974.  
*''Historical Sketches for Jurisdictional and Subject Headings Used for the Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880''. National Archives Microcopy T1105.  
*''Historical Sketches for Jurisdictional and Subject Headings Used for the Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880''. National Archives Microcopy T1105.  
*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].  
*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C. : Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [https://archive.org/details/handbookamindians02hodgrich Available online].  
*Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.  
*Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.  
*National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/OR.pdf Available online].  
*[https://www.loc.gov/item/79654043/ National Atlas of the United States, 1970], Federal Lands and Indian Reservations.  
*''Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~texlance/records/bia(dc)intro.htm Available online]  
*''Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~texlance/records/bia(dc)intro.htm Available online]  
*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/oregon/index.htm Available online].
*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/oregon/index.htm Available online].


{{Oregon|Oregon}}  
{{Native American nav}} {{Oregon|Oregon}}  


[[Category:Oregon]] [[Category:Indians_of_the_United_States]]
[[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Oregon]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of the United States]]
[[Category:Oregon Cultural Groups]]

Latest revision as of 09:36, 19 April 2024

Oregon Wiki Topics
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Tribes and Bands of Oregon[edit | edit source]

The following list of Native Americans who have lived in Oregon has been compiled from Hodge's Handbook of American Indians...[1] and from Swanton's The Indian Tribes of North America[2]. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe.

Ahantchuyuk, Alsea, Atfalati, Bannock, Cayuse, Chastacosta, Chelamela, Chepenafa, Chetco, Clackamas, Clatskanie, Clatsop, Clowwewalla, Coquille, Dakubetede, Hanis, Kalapuya, Klamath, Kuitsh, Latgawa, Lohim, Luckiamute, Lakmiut, Miluk, Mishikhwutmetunne, Modoc, Molala, Multnomah, Nez Perce, Paiute (Northern), Santiam, Shasta, Siletz, Siuslaw, Skilloot, Snake, Takelma, Taltushtuntude, Tenino, Tillamook, Tututni, Tyigh, Umatilla, Umpqua, Wallawalla, Walpapi, Wasco (Wascopum), Watlala, Yahuskin, Yamel, Yaquina, Yoncalla

Confederation Tribes[edit | edit source]

Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs[edit | edit source]

Agencies and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.

The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Oregon has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...[3], Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians[4], and others.

Records[edit | edit source]

The majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:

History[edit | edit source]

Oregon Indians Voices from Two Centuries. FS Library Book 970.1 B388o

Allotment Records[edit | edit source]

Allotted Tribes of Oregon

•Burns Paiute Reservation, Grande Ronde Reservation, Klamath, North Section Allottees, Siletz, Umatilla, Warm Springs •Klamath, Yakima

Indian Schools[edit | edit source]

The Office of Indian Affairs (now the Bureau of Indian Affairs) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools that served children from a number of tribes and reservations.

In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on Native American children. (read more...)

The following list of Indian Schools in Oregon has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...[5], Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians[6], and others.

Reservations[edit | edit source]

From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the Native Americans was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.

Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.

The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether.

For a current reservation map, see Map of Indian Lands in the United States, U.S. Department of the Interior.

The following list of reservations has been compiled from the National Atlas of the United States of America[7], the Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America[8], and other sources. Those reservations named in bold are current federally-recognized reservations, with their associated agency and tribe(s). Others have historically been associated with the state or are not currently recognized by the federal government.

Agency Records[edit | edit source]

The records are various and covers many different type of records such as births, marriages, deaths, land allotments, school records.

Census Records[edit | edit source]

Film # Years Covered Agency Specifics
FS Library film 1025313 1901-1950 Grand Ronde-Siletz Contains registers of Indian families, 1901-1902, 1922-1927, 1940; census rolls, 1932-1945, 1950.
FS Library film 1021379 item 5 1916-1925
 Warm Springs School census and related information
FS Library film1021383 item 1 1880-1934 Warm Springs Census 1880, 1882, 1915, 1934
FS Library film 1021384 item 9 1897-1946 Warm Springs Burns census (of Paiutes)
FS Library film 1023185 item 2 1926-1944 Warm Springs School census
FS Library film 1022004 1920-1924, 1927 Umatilla Umatilla Agency census
FS Library film 576913 items 13-14 1892-1893 Klamath Census for Klamath Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath, Oregon, 1892-1893
FS Library film 576913 item 18 1896 Klamath Census for Klamath Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath, Oregon, 1896
FS Library film 576913 item 4 1886 Klamath Census for Klamath, Modoc Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath Oregon, 1886
FS Library film 576913 item 6-7 1887-1888 Klamath Census for Klamath, Modoc Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath Oregon, 1887-1888
FS Library film 576913 item 10 1889 Klamath Census for Klamath, Modoc Indians in the Klamath Agency at Klamath Oregon, 1889


Military Records[edit | edit source]

Schwartz, E. A,. The Rouge River Indian War and Its Aftermath, 1850-1980. Norman, Ok: University of Oklahoma Press. c1997. FS Library book 970.1Sch95r WorldCat

School Records[edit | edit source]

FamilySearch Library[edit | edit source]

The FamilySearch Library has histories of the various tribes that have lived in Oregon. The library also has microfilm copies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs' records of births, marriages, deaths, censuses, schools, land allotments, and heirships. In general, these are for 1877 to 1952 and include records of the Chemawa Indian School, Grand Ronde-Siletz and Klamath agencies and the Portland Area Office. The original documents are at the National Archives—Pacific Alaska Region (Seattle) and their internet site. See also the FamilySearch Catalog Oregon Native Races.

  • Oregon Superintendency 1842-1880
  • Other records may be found in the FamilySearch Catalog in the "Subject" Search using the name of the tribe, or in the Place-names Search of the Catalog under the name of the state and various subjects, such as PROBATE RECORDS and LAND AND PROPERTY.

Internet[edit | edit source]

  • Other website may be located by using a search engine with key words such as "Indians Tribes Oregon".

Articles[edit | edit source]

Church records for a list of missions

History for a calendar of events

Military for a list of forts

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. Available online.
  2. ↑ Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
  3. ↑ Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (FamilySearch Library FS Catalog book 970.1 H551o.
  4. ↑ Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. ({FHL|207428|item}} book 970.1 H551g].)
  5. ↑ Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. FS Catalog book 970.1 H551o.
  6. ↑ Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. {{FSC|207428|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551g].)
  7. ↑ National Atlas of the United States, 1970, Federal Lands and Indian Reservations.
  8. ↑ Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

  • "Accompanying Pamphlet for Microcopy 1011", National Archives Microfilm Publications, Appendix.
  • American Indians: A Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications. Washington DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, National Archives and Records Administration, 1998.
  • Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981.
  • Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches. New York, New York: Clearwater Publishing Company, Inc., 1974.
  • Historical Sketches for Jurisdictional and Subject Headings Used for the Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880. National Archives Microcopy T1105.
  • Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington D.C. : Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. Available online.
  • Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.
  • National Atlas of the United States, 1970, Federal Lands and Indian Reservations.
  • Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. Available online
  • Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
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