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| ==Online Resources== | | ==Online Resources== |
| *''See [[Australia Census]] for more resources.'' | | *[http://www.jaunay.com/census.php 1841 Census for South Australia family history research], index. |
| *'''1836-1915''' [https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/south-australia-census South Australia Census] at Findmypast - index ($), incomplete
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| *'''1838-1928''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/62319/ South Australia, Australia, Select Tax and Financial Records, 1838-1928; Returns of Census, 1841] at Ancestry - index & images
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| *'''1841''' {{FSC|3009035|item|disp=Australia, South Australia, Census, 1841}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1841''' {{FSC|250448|item|disp=Index to Census of 1841 for South Australia}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1841''' [http://www.jaunay.com/census.php 1841 Census for South Australia family history research] index.
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| ===Substitute Records===
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| ====Directories====
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| *[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/south-australia-directories South Australia Directories] at Findmypast - index ($)
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| *{{FSC|209395|item|disp=The Commercial and trades directory of South Australia}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *{{FSC|325784|item|disp=The National directory of South Australia}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *{{FSC|204217|item|disp=Pastoral directory : list of stock owners in the colonies of Victoria, South Australia and New Zealand}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *[http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/australia-directories Australia Directories] at Findmypast - index ($)
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| *[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/south-australia-directories South Australia Directories] at Findmypast - index ($)
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| *[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/australian-pastoral-directories Australiain Pastoral Directories] at Findmypast - index ($)
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| *'''1840, 1845, 1849, 1855''' {{FSC|219309|item|disp=The Royal South Australian almanack and general directory for 1840, 1845, 1849, 1855}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1864-1970''' [https://www.ongenealogy.com/listings/online-south-australia-directories-1864-1970/ Sands and McDougalls South Australian Directory 1864-1970]
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| *'''1865, 1870''' {{FSC|189901|item|disp=The Adelaide almanack town and county directory and guide to South Australia for 1865, 1870}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1876''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50736/south-australian-almanac-directory-1876 South Australian Almanac & Directory 1876], at MyHeritage ($), index.
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| *'''1881''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50737/south-australian-almanac-directory-1881 South Australian Almanac & Directory 1881], at MyHeritage ($), index.
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| *'''1882-83''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50741/commercial-trades-directory-sa-1882-83 Commercial & Trades Directory SA 1882-83], at MyHeritage ($), index.
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| *'''1884, 1888, 1891''' {{FSC|223670|item|disp=Sands and McDougall's South Australian directory for 1884, 1888, 1891}} at FamilySearch, images.*'''1891''' {{FSC|324580|item|disp=Business guide to South Australia and Broken Hill, 1891}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1902''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50730/south-australian-directory-1902-sands South Australian Directory 1902 (Sands)], at MyHeritage ($), index.
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| *'''1903''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50729/south-australia-po-directory-1903-wise South Australia PO Directory 1903 (Wise)], at MyHeritage ($), index.
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| *'''1922''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50731/south-australian-directory-1922-sands South Australian Directory 1922 (Sands)], at MyHeritage ($), index.
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| *'''1924''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50732/south-australian-directory-1924-sands South Australian Directory 1924 (Sands)], at MyHeritage ($), index.
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| *'''1930''' [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-50733/south-australian-directory-1930-sands South Australian Directory 1930 (Sands)], at MyHeritage ($), index.
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| ===As Part of New South Wales Prior to 1834===
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| *'''1811-1825''' [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8813/ New South Wales, Census and Population Books, 1811-1825] at Ancestry, index, browse, and images ($).
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| *'''1828''' {{RecordSearch|2177300|Australia, New South Wales, 1828 Census}} at FamilySearch - [[Australia, New South Wales, 1828 Census - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index & images
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| *'''1828''' [https://www.records.nsw.gov.au/archives/magazine/1828-census 1828 Census inscribed on the UNESCO Australian Memory of the World Register] at New South Wales Archives, images.
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| *'''1828''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1224 1828 New South Wales, Australia Census (Australian Copy)] at Ancestry, index, browse, and images ($).
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| *'''1828''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1186 1828 New South Wales, Australia Census (TNA Copy)] at Ancestry, index, browse, and images ($).
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| *'''1828''' [http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/new-south-wales-1828-census-householders-returns New South Wales, 1828 Census Householders' Returns], at Findmypast, index & images ($).
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| ===Substitute Records, Including New South Wales Prior to 1834===
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| ====New South Wales Electoral Rolls/Voting Registers====
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| *[http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/new-south-wales-electoral-rolls New South Wales Electoral Rolls] at Findmypast, index & images ($).
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| ====New South Wales Directories====
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| *{{FSC|Australia, South Australia - Directories|subject|subject-id=837206607|disp=South Australia Directories}} at FamilySearch.
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| *{{FSC|256925|item|disp=The Australasian federal directory of commerce, trades & professions}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1831''' [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-998Q-WNGF?mode=g&cat=257962 Australian almanack, for the year of our Lord 1831] at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1835''' [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/849622-redirection Australian almanack and general directory, for the year of our Lord 1835], e-book.
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| *'''1869''' {{FSC|287774|item|disp=Indian and colonial mercantile directory for 1869}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1873''' [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/198492-redirection Australian handbook & almanac & shipper & importers directory], e-book.
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| *'''1888''' {{FSC|256925|item|disp=The Australasian federal directory of commerce, trades & professions}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1893''' [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/398194-redirection The Australian handbook (incorporating New Zealand, Fiji, and New Guinea) shippers and importers' directory & business guide for 1893], e-book
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| ====New South Wales Population Musters====
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| *'''1800-1802''' {{FSC|708314|item|disp=Muster and lists, New South Wales and Norfolk Island, 1800-1802}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1806-1849''' - [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1185 New South Wales and Tasmania, Australia Convict Musters] at Ancestry - index & images ($)
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| *'''1806''' - {{FSC|80433|item|disp=Muster of all females in the colony, August 1806}}, at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1811, 1814, 1819''' {{FSC|78362|item|disp=Population musters, 1811, 1814, 1819}} at FamilySearch, images.
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| *'''1825-1840''' - [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2377 New South Wales, Australia, Wives & Children of Irish Convicts] at Ancestry - index only ($)
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| ====New South Wales Immigration Records====
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| *{{FSC|Australia, South Australia - Emigration and immigration|subject|subject-id=1229695652|disp=South Australia Immigration Records}} at FamilySearch.
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| ==Finding Records==
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| For an excellent analysis of extant records and where they can be found in Australia archives and libraries, see [https://guides.slv.vic.gov.au/earlycensus/sa '''State Library of Victoria: Early Australian census records: South Australia'''].
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| ==Archives==
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| '''South Australia State Records'''<br>
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| Research Centre<br>
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| 115 Cavan Road<br>
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| Gepps Cross<br>
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| South Australia 5094<br>
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| <br>
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| Postal Address<br>
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| GPO Box 464<br>
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| Adelaide 5001<br>
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| <br>
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| Ph: 08 7322 7077<br>
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| Email: Staterecords@sa.gov.au<br>
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| *[https://archives.sa.gov.au/finding-information/using-our-collection/starting-your-research/family-history-research Family History Research]
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| *[https://archives.sa.gov.au/general-information/contact-us/research-centre Research Centre]
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| *[https://archives.sa.gov.au/finding-information/using-our-collection/indexes-and-special-lists-0 Indexes and Special Lists]
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| ==History==
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| The first country-wide census was taken in 1881. National censuses have been regularly taken by the Australian government since 1911. However, to protect individual privacy, all national censuses were destroyed after statistical information was collected. Earlier, in 1882, a fire destroyed the New South Wales census records for 1846, 1851, 1856, 1861, 1871 and 1881, including the household forms from 1861, 1871 and 1881. Therefore, '''census usage in Australian research is different from census research in other countries.'''
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| <br>
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| No records of individuals exist for South Australia censuses after 1841.
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| ==Contents==
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| Typically a census is a count and description of the population. Where available, census records can provide an ancestor’s name, age, occupation and/or employer, whether free or bond, religion, ship and date of arrival, marital status, birthplace, and family member relationships. Census returns can also provide clues that lead to other records. A census may list selected people or the whole population. The percentage of people listed depends on the purpose of the census and on how careful the enumerator was.
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| == Census Substitutes ==
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| In Australian research, other records can be used in place of census records. They are referred to as "census substitutes," and they list individuals who lived in specific places. It is rare, however, to find an entire family listed. Usually these records list only the head of household’s name, date and place of residence, occupation, age, value of property, and sometimes ship of arrival.
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| Records that can be used as census substitutes are:
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| *Population Musters
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| ::Because convicts were transported into Australia, the government found it necessary to survey the population at least annually. These surveys, known as musters, began in 1788. Information contained in the records might include an individual’s residence, status (convict, free, military), sex, name, ship of arrival, trial date, trial place, sentence, and remarks. Some early musters list children, wives, and servants.
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| *Electoral rolls—See [[South Australia Voting Records]].
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| *Directories and almanacs—See [[South Australia Directories]].
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| *Emigration and immigration records—See [[South Australia Emigration and Immigration]].
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| *Depasturing licenses—See [[South Australia Land and Property]].
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| *Rate and valuation books—See [[South Australia Taxation]].
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| *Lists of convicts—See [[South Australia Convict Records]].
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| {{Place|Australia}} | | {{Place|Australia}} |
| [[Category: South Australia, Australia]] | | [[Category: South Australia, Australia]] |
