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Step-by-Step Delaware Research, 1880-Present



Step-by-Step Delaware
Research 1880--to the present
1. Contact living relatives.
2. Online census records.
3. Births, marriages, and deaths online.
4. Obituary, cemetery and Social Security records online.
5. Military records online.
6. Church records.
7. Wills and probate.
8. Immigration records.
9. Printed local histories or biographies.
10. Historical or genealogical societies.
11. FamilySearch tools.
12. County records.


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Some online records have restrictions, due to contractual agreements, allowing them to be used only at FamilySearch Centers or FamilySearch Affiliate Library. This pop-up warning has links to lists of addresses of the many affiliate libraries that are available throughout the world.

Subscription websites such as Ancestry.com, FindMyPast, and MyHeritage and many others offer complimentary service at these affiliate libraries and at most local libraries.

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Step 1. Find out everything possible from living relatives and their family records.

Every good genealogy project starts with finding all the clues that can be gathered from living relatives — both from their memories and from documents or memorabilia in their homes.

What are the best questions to ask?

In order to extend research, ask for names, dates, and places. Everything about who a relative was and when and where they lived is a clue to a new record search. For ideas, see :

What documents should be collected or copied?

Because these records cover names, dates, places, and relationships, they are a valuable source of clues. Look for them in your home, your parents' home, and ask living grandparents to check for them.

  • Announcements of births, weddings,
    and anniversaries
  • Baby and wedding books
  • Certificates
  • Deeds, and property records
  • Family Bibles
  • Family reunion notices and records
  • Fraternal or society records
  • Insurance policies
  • Journals and diaries
  • Letters and cards
  • Licenses (business, marriage,
    fishing, driving)
  • Naturalization documents
  • Newspaper clippings and obituaries
  • Medical records
  • Military service and pension documents
  • Occupational awards
  • Passports
  • Personal histories and biographies
  • Photograph albums
  • Printed Notices and Announcements
  • Programs (graduation, award ceremonies, funerals)
  • School records
  • Scrapbooks
  • Wills and trusts


Step 2. Find ancestors in every possible census record, 1850-1950, online.

  • A census is a count and description of the population for a given date. A census took a "snapshot" of a family on a certain day.
  • For each person living in a household (depending on the year), their name, age, birthplace, relationship to head of household, place of birth for father and mother, citizenship status, year of immigration, mother of how many children and number of children living, native language, and whether they were a veteran of the military can be listed.
  • Searching for a family in census records every ten years can identify all the children in a family.
  • Searching in earlier census records to find someone as a child can identify parents.

Using clues to lead to census record searches.

This obituary, found in old home papers, gives clues as to where and when to start searching in census records for the Nagle family.

  • William R. (Bob) Nagle was born in 1923 in Delaware.
  • His parents were William F. and Madeline Nagle.
  • He had brothers named James and Leonard Nagle.
  • He was born in Wilmington and worked there for many years.
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The first goal will be to find William R. Nagle in the 1930 census of Delaware, about age 7, in the home of his parents William and Madeline Nagle.



  • In the 1930 census, the family is found living in Delaware.
  • William F. Nagle, the father, was born in about 1900 in Delaware.
  • His father, John Nagle, age 52, born in Ireland, also lives with him. Another researcher has changed John's relationshipp to "uncle".

The discovery of his birth, marriage, and death records in Step 2. verify that his father was actually James Nagle.
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The next goal would be to look for William F. Nagle and John Nagle in earlier Delaware census records, 1920, 1910, and 1900, probably in two separate residences. In these searches, he is listed in the home of parents James and May Nagle.

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Step 3: Find birth, marriage, and death certificates for ancestors and their children.

States, counties, or (even towns in some states) recorded births, marriages, and deaths.

  • In addition to the child's name, birth date, and place of birth, a birth certificate may give the birthplaces of the parents, their ages, and occupations.
  • A marriage certificate might list the parents of the bride and groom.
  • A death certificate may give the person's birth date and place, parents' names and birthplaces, and spouse's name.


Using census clues to lead to a birth certificate.

Census information gives approximate birth years and probable birth places, and that information leads to finding important birth records. In addition to basic birth date and place, a birth certificate can give age, birthplace, occupation, etc. about the parents.

Example of an index to an original birth record.

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Using census clues to lead to a marriage certificate.

Finding marriage records can:

  • establish the full identity of the wife, with her maiden name and possible birth details.
  • find the names of the parents of the bride and groom.



Example of an index entry to an original marriage record.

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Using the census clues to lead to a death certificate.

Moving forward in time, older generations stop showing up in the census. That is a clue that they probably died in the last 10 years. The death certificate is important because of all the possible secondary data beyond just the date and place of death:

  • birth date and place of the deceased
  • maiden name of the wife
  • names of the deceased's parents
  • birth places of the deceased's parents.


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Tip Tip1.jpg Some of the examples shown above are index entries. That means for each of them an actual, original, full certificate exists. It is highly advisable to order the original certificate. It will contain many details not given in the index. In some cases, the image of the original is found online. Instructions are given below on obtaining the original certificate in other cases.

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Gather as many birth, marriage, and death records as possible.

How to Find the Records

There are basically three ways to find these indexes or full original certificates:

Online databases, usually indexes, with some images

Also, see How to Find Delaware Birth Records.

Also, see How to Find Delaware Marriage Records.

Also, see How to Find Delaware Death Records.

Writing to a Town or City Clerk

Births Marriages Deaths
Earliest 1710 1744 1813
Statewide Registration 1881 1847 1881
General Compliance 1921 1913 1913

Vital records were first kept in Delaware from the earliest permanent settlement, about 1710. All original records are maintained by the town or city and can be viewed at the town or city clerk’s office or requested in writing. The present vital registration law was enacted in 1847. This statute required that all vital events be recorded in the town where they occurred. A centralized registration system was established in 1921.

Order Certificates from Delaware Vital Records Department.

Almost always the full original certificate will contain information not contained in the index. Although it costs money, consider sending for the full original certificates, particularly for direct line ancestors (grandparents, great-grandparents, etc).

For more information on birth, marriage, and death records in Delaware, see How to Find Delaware Birth Records, How to Find Delaware Marriage Records, and How to Find Delaware Death Records.

Step 4: Try to find additional details about ancestors in obituaries, cemetery records, and Social Security records online.

There are additional record collections available, based upon a person's death: obituaries, cemetery records, and Social Security records. These are a great source for more details about a person. Here are some examples; notice the level of details.

Example of an obituary.


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Example of a FindAGrave Record.


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Example of a Social Security Record.

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Obituaries

Cemeteries

U.S. Social Security Death Index and Social Security Applications and Claims Index, 1936-2007

  • The U.S. Social Security program began in 1935 but most deaths recorded in the index happened after 1962.
  • The Social Security Death index includes those who had a Social Security number and/or applied for benefits.
  • You can search these records online at
  • If you find an ancestor in the SSDI index, you can order a copy of their original Social Security application (SS-5). If you can prove the individual has died (by sending an obituary or copy of their cemetery headstone), the application will also give the deceased's parents' names, if listed.

For more information, see Delaware Obituaries and Delaware Cemeteries.

Step 5: Search military records: World War I and II draft cards.

There are many different types of military records: draft records, enlistment records, service records, pension records, etc. Information in military records can vary from a simple lists of name, age, and residence, to more detailed records including name, residence, age, occupation, marital status, birthplace, physical description, number of dependents, pensions received, disabled veterans, needy veterans, widows or orphans of veterans, and other information.

Example of a World War I draft card.
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Example of a World War II draft card.
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Search the World War I and World War II Draft Collections for male relatives.



For more information and additional collections, see Delaware Military Records.

Step 6: Look for church records online.

Church records function as vital records.

  • An infant christening or baptism record documents a birth.
  • Many, if not most, people are married in a church, and then a record is created by the minister.
  • Likewise, ministers presided over funerals, then creating a burial record, which documents a death.

Church records are particularly helpful prior to the advent of civil registration.

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Search for church records that can provide additional birth, marriage, and death information.


FamilySearch

Ancestry.com

Baptist

Catholic

Community of Christ, Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints

  • 1867-1965 Church Records (New York-Philadelphia District), 1867-1965(*) Reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, New York-Philadelphia District at FamilySearch Catalog — images; includes records for the states of New York, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, Connecticut and New Jersey

Presbyterian

Quaker Society of Friends

Step 7: Search for online wills and probate packets.

  • County probate records include probate proceedings, petitions, affidavits, orders for sales, reports of sales, administrators' and executors' bonds, guardianship papers, wills, and letters of administration.
  • In a will book, usually just a transcription of the will is recorded. But all of these other records are kept in a probate packet.
  • Administrations are probate proceedings that handled an estate if no known will existed.
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Search these indexes and images for probate records.



Probate Information in County Wiki Articles

Each Delaware county Research Wiki page lists additional probate sources, including where to write for records: Delaware Counties

For more information, see Delaware Probate Records and United States Probate Records.

Step 8: If any ancestor was an immigrant, search immigration and naturalization records online.

The census records may show that an ancestor was born in another country. It will be necessary to try to find the town or city they were born in to continue research in the country of origin. Searches of immigration records (usually passenger lists) and naturalization (citizenship) records would be the next step.


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Look for immigrant ancestors in shipping lists and citizenship sources.


Delaware Immigration Records

Delaware Naturalization and Citizenship Online Records

For more information, see Delaware Emigration and Immigration and Delaware Naturalization and Citizenship.

Step 9: Search for printed local histories or biography collections online.

Local Histories

  • Published histories of towns, counties, and states sometimes contain biographies and accounts of early or prominent families.
  • Here are several websites that feature online copies of printed county histories: Delaware; that will bring up too many hits. Just use the name of the county and "county": for example, "Hyde County"

FamilySearch Collected Local Histories

  • Go to the FamilySearch Catalog.
  • In the "Place" field, type the name of your county and click "Search".
  • A list of subheadings for the county will appear. Local histories containing genealogies and biographies will be found under Biography, Genealogy, History, or History - Indexes.

Biography Collections

These collections of biographies can be searched online. Most have a table of contents and an index. Or use the "Find" function on a computer.

  • American Biographical Library at Ancestry — index ($)
  • Biographical and Genealogical History of the State of Delaware, Chambersburg, PA: J.M. Ruck and Co., 1899. Online at: Vol. 1 - Internet Archive; Vol. 2 - Internet Archive
  • Biographical Sketches of Prominent Delawareans, by Thomas, Rev. Samuel W. Wilmington: Historical Society of Delaware, 1901. Online at: HathiTrust
  • Historical and Biographical Papers V. II, Wilmington: Historical Society of Delaware, n.d. Online at: HathiTrust

Step 10: Contact a local historical or genealogical society.

  • Historical societies have collections that are frequently little known and often overlooked.
  • Many have a surname file, where they have collected genealogies, newspaper clippings, old photographs, etc.
  • Many have a sort of "pioneer ancestor" program, where people can submit pedigrees to prove they are the descendants of an early resident of the area.
  • Most keep track of queries about families that once lived in the area from other distant relatives who may actually have more family memorabilia.
  • Find the society on the internet, and they may list their holdings. Or call them on the phone, find out what they have, and find out what arrangements can be made to search their collection. Frequently, one of their members can be hired to search the collection for you.

This online directory by GenealogyInc. lists historical and genealogical societies by county: Click on the map to select a county, then scroll down to the historical or genealogical society listings. Here is an example of an internet website for a local genealogical society.

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Step 11: Use other FamilySearch tools.

Historical Images

Records collected and digitized by FamilySearch can all be found through their Historical Images feature.


Delaware Online Genealogy Records

Search any other online records listed in Delaware Online Genealogy Records. The steps given here are intended to list record sources which can most efficiently identify descendants. Many other online records which might or might not mention descendants are listed in the Delaware Online Genealogy Records page, including immigration records, land records, military records, newspapers, and probate records, and others. These can be records that cover a smaller group within the population, such as men who served in the military, etc.


Step 12: Study the Research Wiki pages for any county in Delaware.

This article focused more on Delaware state or state-wide records. There is a separate Wiki article for each county in Delaware. These articles give information, office addresses, and links to county records.

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