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People in Cincinnati at the beginning of the 20th century had a two in five chance of meeting someone who could speak to them in German. There were three German morning newspapers and one evening paper. German was taught in all 47 schools. Seventy churches held services completely or partly in German. In 1915 there were 110 German societies with affiliations including mutual aid, athletics, trade unions, sharpshooters, music, culture and charity. Guido Dobbert, The Disintegration of an Immigrant Community: The Cincinnati Germans, 1870-1920 (New York: Arno Press, 1980), 7, 10, 13, 16.<br> <br>Further waves of German immigration took place in the 1930s (particularly German Jewish immigrants) and after World War II. At the turn of the 21st century, approximately half of Cincinnati's population was of German descent.  
People in Cincinnati at the beginning of the 20th century had a two in five chance of meeting someone who could speak to them in German. There were three German morning newspapers and one evening paper. German was taught in all 47 schools. Seventy churches held services completely or partly in German. In 1915 there were 110 German societies with affiliations including mutual aid, athletics, trade unions, sharpshooters, music, culture and charity. Guido Dobbert, The Disintegration of an Immigrant Community: The Cincinnati Germans, 1870-1920 (New York: Arno Press, 1980), 7, 10, 13, 16.<br> <br>Further waves of German immigration took place in the 1930s (particularly German Jewish immigrants) and after World War II. At the turn of the 21st century, approximately half of Cincinnati's population was of German descent.  


== &nbsp;&nbsp;Origins of German immigrants in Hamilton County  ==
== Origins of German immigrants in Hamilton County  ==


Before 1830, Germans immigrating to Hamilton County came from the southwestern area of German-speaking Europe, particularly from Württemberg and Switzerland, as well as Baden, Alsace and northern Germany, especially Oldenburg. German-Americans from Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and New Jersey also settled in Hamilton County in this early period.  
Before 1830, Germans immigrating to Hamilton County came from the southwestern area of German-speaking Europe, particularly from Württemberg and Switzerland, as well as Baden, Alsace and northern Germany, especially Oldenburg. German-Americans from Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and New Jersey also settled in Hamilton County in this early period.  
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In the 1950s many Germans arrived in Hamilton County, including Donauschwaben (Danube Swabians) and others from the ethnic German areas of southeastern Europe.  
In the 1950s many Germans arrived in Hamilton County, including Donauschwaben (Danube Swabians) and others from the ethnic German areas of southeastern Europe.  


The Emigration section in this article has references to lists of emigrants to Cincinnati with birthplaces.
The Emigration section in this article has references to lists of emigrants to Cincinnati with birthplaces.  


== Locations of German immigrants in Hamilton County&nbsp;  ==
== Locations of German immigrants in Hamilton County&nbsp;  ==
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Newly arrived German immigrants often headed to Over-the-Rhine to stay with relatives until they could find a place of their own, but gradually they moved out into the rest of the city. Germans also settled in rural parts of the county at an early period.  
Newly arrived German immigrants often headed to Over-the-Rhine to stay with relatives until they could find a place of their own, but gradually they moved out into the rest of the city. Germans also settled in rural parts of the county at an early period.  


In 1850, eight Hamilton County townships had the highest numbers of Germans outside Cincinnati:<br>Mill Creek* central 1,330 24%<br>Green western 915 16%<br>Colerain northwestern 686 12%<br>Delhi southwestern 571 10%<br>Storrs* southwestern 498 9%<br>Springfield north central 304 5%<br>Fulton* southeastern 289 5%<br>Spencer* southeastern 201 4%<br>These eight townships had 4,794 German residents, out of a total 5,551 in Hamilton County excluding Cincinnati. The remaining seven townships had from 13 to 189 German residents each. *The townships marked with an asterisk no longer exist since they were absorbed by Cincinnati. Hubertus Wilhelm, The Origin and Distribution of Settlement Groups: Ohio, 1850 (Athens, Ohio: 1982).
In 1850, eight Hamilton County townships had the highest numbers of Germans outside Cincinnati:


<br>By 1910, Germans had settled throughout Hamilton County, especially on the west side. In 2000, the most German area was Green Township in western Hamilton County.  
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" style="width: 451px; height: 217px;"
|-
| align="center" style="background: rgb(240, 240, 240);" | '''Township'''
| align="center" style="background: rgb(240, 240, 240);" | '''Location'''
| align="center" style="background: rgb(240, 240, 240);" | '''Number'''
| align="center" style="background: rgb(240, 240, 240);" | '''Percentage'''
|-
| Mill Creek*
| central
| 1,330
| 24%
|-
| Green
| western
| 915
| 16%
|-
| Colerain
| northwestern
| 686
| 12%
|-
| Delhi
| southwestern
| 571
| 10%
|-
| Storrs*
| southwestern
| 498
| 9%
|-
| Springfield
| north central
| 304
| 5%
|-
| Fulton*
| southeastern
| 289
| 5%
|-
| Spencer*
| southeastern
| 201
| 4%
|-
|
|}
 
These eight townships had 4,794 German residents, out of a total 5,551 in Hamilton County excluding Cincinnati. The remaining seven townships had from 13 to 189 German residents each. *The townships marked with an asterisk no longer exist since they were absorbed by Cincinnati. Hubertus Wilhelm, The Origin and Distribution of Settlement Groups: Ohio, 1850 (Athens, Ohio: 1982).
 
By 1910, Germans had settled throughout Hamilton County, especially on the west side. In 2000, the most German area was Green Township in western Hamilton County.  


The list of churches arranged by city neighborhood and county locality in this article indicates the areas where there were enough Germans to found churches. Areas without churches that were heavily German included Wooden Shoe Hollow near Winton Place, Camp Dennison (originally called New Germany) in eastern Hamilton County, and Sweetwine and the Wolfangel Road area in Anderson Township.  
The list of churches arranged by city neighborhood and county locality in this article indicates the areas where there were enough Germans to found churches. Areas without churches that were heavily German included Wooden Shoe Hollow near Winton Place, Camp Dennison (originally called New Germany) in eastern Hamilton County, and Sweetwine and the Wolfangel Road area in Anderson Township.  
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