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During the mid 1840s and into the 1850s, emigrants were traveling west across the country in pursuit of silver, gold and land. In 1851 the tribe signed a treaty agreeing not to attack those traveling on the Oregon Trail, and tribe was assigned land in western Montana.  
During the mid 1840s and into the 1850s, emigrants were traveling west across the country in pursuit of silver, gold and land. In 1851 the tribe signed a treaty agreeing not to attack those traveling on the Oregon Trail, and tribe was assigned land in western Montana.  


In the 1870s the tribe settled on reservations in the United States - [[Fort_Belknap_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)|Fort Belknap Reservation]] (with Grosventre Tribe) and [[Fort_Peck_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)|Fort Peck Reservation]] (with Sioux Tribes) - and in Canada - tracts of land in Saskatchewan and Alberta (with Sioux, Cree and Chippewa). Reservation living was difficult at best.  
In the 1870s the tribe settled on reservations in the United States - [[Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (Montana)|Fort Belknap Reservation]] (with Grosventre Tribe) and [[Fort Peck Indian Reservation (Montana)|Fort Peck Reservation]] (with Sioux Tribes) - and in Canada - tracts of land in Saskatchewan and Alberta (with Sioux, Cree and Chippewa). Reservation living was difficult at best.  


The logistics of providing food for the tribes was not efficient. When supplies failed to arrive, disappointed and hungry leaders sometimes confronted the government and military officials, which sometimes developed into warfare.  
The logistics of providing food for the tribes was not efficient. When supplies failed to arrive, disappointed and hungry leaders sometimes confronted the government and military officials, which sometimes developed into warfare.  


Fredrick W. Hodge states that in 1904, there were 644 Assiniboin Indians living at [[Fort_Belknap_Indian_Agency_(Montana)|Fort Belknap Agency]] and 535 at [[Fort_Peck_Indian_Agency_(Montana)|Fort Peck Agency]].  
Fredrick W. Hodge states that in 1904, there were 644 Assiniboin Indians living at [[Fort Belknap Indian Agency (Montana)|Fort Belknap Agency]] and 535 at [[Fort Peck Indian Agency (Montana)|Fort Peck Agency]].  


==== Brief Timeline  ====
==== Brief Timeline  ====
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*'''1658:''' living near Lake Superior they encountered non-Indians and began trading with them  
*'''1658:''' living near Lake Superior they encountered non-Indians and began trading with them  
*'''1800-1837:''' several Assiniboin bands moved into "Montana" and the American Fur Company built Fort Union  
*'''1800-1837:''' several Assiniboin bands moved into "Montana" and the American Fur Company built Fort Union  
*1824-66: Tribe under the jurisdiction of the [[Upper_Missouri_Indian_Agency|Upper Missouri Agency]].
*'''1836:''' Smallpox epidemic killed about 4,000  
*'''1836:''' Smallpox epidemic killed about 4,000  
*'''1851:''' Treaty at Fort Laramie -- they promise not attack settlers traveling the Oregon Trail and are assigned land in western Montana.  
*'''1851:''' Treaty at Fort Laramie -- they promise not attack settlers traveling the Oregon Trail and are assigned land in western Montana.
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sio0594.htm 1851] September 17, at Fort Laramie, with Sioux. The treaty establishes the territory of the Assiniboin Nation.  
*'''1855:''' Tribe referred to in treaty with the [[Blackfeet Indians|Blackfeet]]  
*'''1855:''' Tribe referred to in treaty with the [[Blackfeet Indians|Blackfeet]]  
*1864-80: Tribe under the jurisdiction of the [[Montana_Superintendency_of_Indian_Affairs|Montana Superintendency]].
*'''1866:''' The tribe agreed to move to Fort Buford, in "North Dakota"  
*'''1866:''' The tribe agreed to move to Fort Buford, in "North Dakota"  
*'''1870's:''' settled on reservations in the United States - Fort Belknap Reservation (with [[Grosventre Indians|GrosVentre ]]Tribe) and Fort Peck Reservation (with Sioux Tribes) - and in Canada - tracts of land in Saskatchewan and Alberta (with [[Sioux_Indians|Sioux]], [[Cree_Indians|Cree]] and [[Chippewa_Indians|Chippewa]])  
*1867-70: Tribe under the jurisdiction of the [[Fort_Berthold_Indian_Agency_(North_Dakota)|Fort Berthold Agency]].
*'''1870's:''' settled on reservations in the United States - Fort Belknap Reservation (with [[Grosventre Indians|GrosVentre ]]Tribe) and Fort Peck Reservation (with Sioux Tribes) - and in Canada - tracts of land in Saskatchewan and Alberta (with [[Sioux Indians|Sioux]], [[Cree Indians|Cree]] and [[Chippewa Indians|Chippewa]])  
*'''1873:''' A massacre of Assiniboin band lead by Little Soldier, at Cypress Hill, inititated the establishment of Northwest Mounted Police by Canada.  
*'''1873:''' A massacre of Assiniboin band lead by Little Soldier, at Cypress Hill, inititated the establishment of Northwest Mounted Police by Canada.  
*'''1874:''' Fort Belknap was established for the [[Grosventre_Indians|GrosVentre]] and Upper Assiniboin.  
*'''1874:''' Fort Belknap was established for the [[Grosventre Indians|GrosVentre]] and Upper Assiniboin.  
*'''1877:''' Treaty Seven is signed by the Blackfoot Confederacy and by the Stoney (Canadian) Assiniboin  
*'''1877:''' Treaty Seven is signed by the Blackfoot Confederacy and by the Stoney (Canadian) Assiniboin  
*'''1877:''' Fort Peck (Montana) became the agency for the Lower Asasiniboin and the Yanktonai Nakota and [[Sisseton-Wahpeton_Sioux_Tribe,_South_Dakota|Sisseton-Wahpeton]] (Dakota) Sioux  
*'''1877:''' Fort Peck (Montana) became the agency for the Lower Asasiniboin and the Yanktonai Nakota and [[Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe, South Dakota|Sisseton-Wahpeton]] (Dakota) Sioux  
*'''1883-1884:''' In the winter living at Fort Peck, the rations failed to arrive and hundreds of Assiniboin perished due to starvation.  
*'''1883-1884:''' In the winter living at Fort Peck, the rations failed to arrive and hundreds of Assiniboin perished due to starvation.  
*'''1887-1934:''' General Allotment Act (1887) began land allotment; land allotment of Assiniboin territory discontinued in 1934.
*'''1887-1934:''' General Allotment Act (1887) began land allotment; land allotment of Assiniboin territory discontinued in 1934.
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=== Reservations  ===
=== Reservations  ===
Reservation are tracts of land set aside for the occupation and use by Americcan Indians.


*[[Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (Montana)|Fort Belknap Reservation]] in Montana  
*[[Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (Montana)|Fort Belknap Reservation]] in Montana  
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The agencies and Superintendencies which had jurisdiction over a major portion of the Assiniboin in the United States were:  
The agencies and Superintendencies which had jurisdiction over a major portion of the Assiniboin in the United States were:  


<br>


:[[Upper Missouri Indian Agency|Upper Missouri Agency]], 1819-1864<br>
:[[Upper Missouri Indian Agency|Upper Missouri Agency]], 1819-1864<br>
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:[[Fort Peck Indian Agency (Montana)|Fort Peck Agency]], 1874-present<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1294505130301_373" /><br>
:[[Fort Peck Indian Agency (Montana)|Fort Peck Agency]], 1874-present<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1294505130301_373" /><br>


&nbsp;[[St._Peters_Indian_Agency_(Minnesota)|St. Peters Agency]]
&nbsp;[[St. Peters Indian Agency (Minnesota)|St. Peters Agency]] &nbsp;Montana Superintencency  
&nbsp;Montana Superintencency


[[St._Louis_Superintendency_of_Indian_Affairs|St. Louis Superintendency]]
[[St. Louis Superintendency of Indian Affairs|St. Louis Superintendency]]  


[[Central_Superintendency_of_Indian_Affairs|Central Superintendency<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1294505308019_210" />]]
[[Central Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Central Superintendency<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1294505308019_210" />]]  


[[Minnesota_Superintendency_of_Indian_Affairs|Minnesota Superintendency]]
[[Minnesota Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Minnesota Superintendency]]  


[[Dakota_Superintendency_of_Indian_Affairs|Dakota Superintendency]]
[[Dakota Superintendency of Indian Affairs|Dakota Superintendency]]  


==== Census  ====
==== Census  ====
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The following table lists the census rolls for the Assiniboin Indians: <br>
The following table lists the census rolls for the Assiniboin Indians: <br>


{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
{| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"
|-
|-
! scope="col" |  
! scope="col" |  
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M595 RG 75 -- 692 Rolls  
M595 RG 75 -- 692 Rolls  


&nbsp;Roll Number
Roll Number


! scope="col" | FHL Film Number
! scope="col" | FHL Film Number
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| Seattle  
| Seattle  
| Rolls 126-31  
| Rolls 126-31  
| 576481-576486
| {{ FHL | Films 576481-576486}}
|-
|-
| Fort Peck Agency, 1885-1939  
| Fort Peck Agency, 1885-1939  
| Seattle  
| Seattle  
| Rolls 151-60  
| Rolls 151-60  
| 576840-576849
| {{FHL | Films 576840-576849}}
|}
|}


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The following table lists some of the correspondence records relating to the Assiniboin Indians:  
The following table lists some of the correspondence records relating to the Assiniboin Indians:  


{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1"
{| border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"
|-
|-
! scope="col" | Agency  
! scope="col" | Agency  
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Some vital records for the Assiniboin Indians include:  
Some vital records for the Assiniboin Indians include:  


*Fort Peck Agency, M595, Births and Deaths 1925-1932, FHL Film: 576847
*Fort Peck Agency, M595, Births and Deaths 1925-1932, {{FHL | Film: 576847}}


=== Important Web Sites  ===
=== Important Web Sites  ===
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==== Assiniboin  ====
==== Assiniboin  ====


*Carlson, Paul H. ''The Plains Indians''. College Station, Texas: Texas A&amp;M University Press, c1998. FHL book 970.1 C197p  
*Carlson, Paul H. ''The Plains Indians''. College Station, Texas: Texas A&amp;M University Press, c1998. {{FHL | book 970.1 C197p}}
*Denig, Edwin Thompson. ''Five Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Sioux, Arickaras, Assiniboines, Crees, Crows''. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, c1981. ''The Civilization of American Indian Series'':059. FHL book 970.1 D415f.  
*Denig, Edwin Thompson. ''Five Indian Tribes of the Upper Missouri: Sioux, Arickaras, Assiniboines, Crees, Crows''. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, c1981. ''The Civilization of American Indian Series'':059. {{FHL | book 970.1 D415f}}.  
*Lowe, Robert H. ''The Assiniboine''. Washington [D.C.]: Microfilmed by the Library of Congress Photoduplication Service, 1989. ''Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History'', Vol. 4 pt. 1. FHL film 1404269.
*Lowe, Robert H. ''The Assiniboine''. Washington [D.C.]: Microfilmed by the Library of Congress Photoduplication Service, 1989. ''Anthropological Papers of the American Museum of Natural History'', Vol. 4 pt. 1. {{FHL | film 1404269}}.


==== General  ====
==== General  ====
HealeyJE
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