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Croatian replaced '''Latin''' as the official language of the Croatian government in 1847.<br>
Croatian replaced '''Latin''' as the official language of the Croatian government in 1847.<br>
The official language was formally designated from 1961 to 1991 as '''Serbo-Croatian or Croato-Serbian'''. During this time, Croats often referred to their language as '''Croato-Serbian''' (instead of Serbo-Croatian) or as '''Croatian'''. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Demographics of Croatia," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Croatia#Languages, accessed 24 May 2023.</ref>
The official language was formally designated from 1961 to 1991 as '''Serbo-Croatian or Croato-Serbian'''. During this time, Croats often referred to their language as '''Croato-Serbian''' (instead of Serbo-Croatian) or as '''Croatian'''. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Demographics of Croatia," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demographics_of_Croatia#Languages, accessed 24 May 2023.</ref><br>
 
The Serbo-Croatian language or Croato-Serbian language is a South Slavic diasystem. Serbo-Croatian was standardized as a single language during the era of Yugoslavia, from 1918 to 1991. During this period Serbo-Croatian was one of the three official languages, alongside Macedonian and Slovenian. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, the Serbo-Croatian language broke into its constituent parts, with Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian becoming distinctly recognized languages. Currently in Montenegro there is a movement to have Montenegrin recognized as its own language, as well.<br>
 
Because the Roman Catholic Church was the predominant religion in Croatia, many records are in Latin. Other languages in Croatian records include Hungarian and Italian.<br>


'''[https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/Croatia_Languages#:~:text=Languages%20of%20the%20Records Information about Language Records]'''
'''[https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/Croatia_Languages#:~:text=Languages%20of%20the%20Records Information about Language Records]'''
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==Additional Resources==
==Additional Resources==


==References==


The official language of Croatia is Croatian. Most materials used in Croatian research are written in Croatian. You do not need to speak or read Croatian to do research in Croatian records, but you should know some key words and phrases to understand the records. Because the Roman Catholic Church was the predominant religion in Croatia, many records are in Latin. Other languages in Croatian records include Hungarian and Italian.
'''Languages of the Records'''
 
The language of the records is mostly Latin, Croatian, Hungarian, or Italian. Glagolitic and Cyrillic as well as Roman script occur in the records.  
 
*'''Latin''': an Indo-European language, moderately inflected, and used extensively by the Roman Catholic Church.
*'''Serbian''': a Slavic language closely allied to Croatian. Considered the official language of Yugoslavia. Serbian differs from Croatian slightly in vocabulary and is written in the Cyrillic script.
*'''German''': official language of the Austrian Empire, and as such the language of record for the Austrian military.  
*'''Glagolitic''': properly speaking, Glagolitsa is a script, not a language. The literature of Dalmatia, however, took on a unique character that can be considered at least a dialect. In most circumstances one can read the text of a Glagolitic manuscript if s/he is familiar with Croatian and the epigraphy.
*'''Croatian''': the language used for most post-Latin period Roman Catholic parish registers. Distinguished from Serbian primarily for reasons of nationalism.
*'''Hungarian''': all civil documents, from partition of Austria-Hungary to end of WWI.
*'''Italian''': language common to the 1600-1800. Roman Catholic parish registers for Dalmatia and Istria.
*'''Slovene''': language of Slovenia, closely allied with Serbo-Croatian.
 
'''Croatian grammar'''


Croatian grammar may affect the way names appear in genealogical records. For example, names of your ancestors will vary from record to record in Croatian. <br>
Croatian grammar may affect the way names appear in genealogical records. For example, names of your ancestors will vary from record to record in Croatian. <br>
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|[[Image:Serbian and Croatian Alphabets.jpg|thumb|right|400px|<center>Serbian and Croatian Alphabets<center>]]  
|[[Image:Serbian and Croatian Alphabets.jpg|thumb|right|400px|<center>Serbian and Croatian Alphabets<center>]]  
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=== Alphabet ===
''Alphabet''<br>


<br>''Croatian Alphabetical Order''  
<br>''Croatian Alphabetical Order''  
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Glagolitic alphabet was used in Dalmatia until the early 19th century.  
Glagolitic alphabet was used in Dalmatia until the early 19th century.  


=== Language Characteristics ===
''Language Characteristics''<br>


In Croatian, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who-whose-whom or marry-marries- married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Croatian any word may change, depending on usage. This word list gives the standard form of each Croatian word. As you read Croatian records, you will need to be aware that most words vary with usage. The endings of words in a document will often differ from what you find in this list.  
In Croatian, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who-whose-whom or marry-marries- married are examples of words in English with variant forms. In Croatian any word may change, depending on usage. This word list gives the standard form of each Croatian word. As you read Croatian records, you will need to be aware that most words vary with usage. The endings of words in a document will often differ from what you find in this list.  


=== Key Words ===
*[http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/et03.html Croatian Glagolitic Script]
 
''Key Words''<br>


To find and use specific types of Croatian records, you will need to know some key words. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the BCS words with the same or similar meanings.  
To find and use specific types of Croatian records, you will need to know some key words. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the BCS words with the same or similar meanings.  
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<br>
==References==
 
=== Word List  ===
 
Following is the Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian (BCS) Word List. This word list was formerly known as the Serbo-Croatian Word List.
 
The Serbo-Croatian language or Croato-Serbian language is a South Slavic diasystem. Serbo-Croatian was standardized as a single language during the era of Yugoslavia, from 1918 to 1991. During this period Serbo-Croatian was one of the three official languages, alongside Macedonian and Slovenian. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, the Serbo-Croatian language broke into its constituent parts, with Bosnian, Croatian, and Serbian becoming distinctly recognized languages. Currently in Montenegro there is a movement to have Montenegrin recognized as its own language, as well.
 
 
 
'''Languages of the Records'''
 
The language of the records is mostly Latin, Croatian, Hungarian, or Italian. Glagolitic and Cyrillic as well as Roman script occur in the records.
 
*'''Latin''': an Indo-European language, moderately inflected, and used extensively by the Roman Catholic Church.
*'''Serbian''': a Slavic language closely allied to Croatian. Considered the official language of Yugoslavia. Serbian differs from Croatian slightly in vocabulary and is written in the Cyrillic script.
*'''German''': official language of the Austrian Empire, and as such the language of record for the Austrian military.
*'''Glagolitic''': properly speaking, Glagolitsa is a script, not a language. The literature of Dalmatia, however, took on a unique character that can be considered at least a dialect. In most circumstances one can read the text of a Glagolitic manuscript if s/he is familiar with Croatian and the epigraphy.
*'''Croatian''': the language used for most post-Latin period Roman Catholic parish registers. Distinguished from Serbian primarily for reasons of nationalism.
*'''Hungarian''': all civil documents, from partition of Austria-Hungary to end of WWI.
*'''Italian''': language common to the 1600-1800. Roman Catholic parish registers for Dalmatia and Istria.
*'''Slovene''': language of Slovenia, closely allied with Serbo-Croatian.
 
=== Websites  ===
 
*[http://www.croatianhistory.net/etf/et03.html Croatian Glagolitic Script]


[[Category:Croatia]][[Category:Language and Handwriting]][[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
[[Category:Croatia]][[Category:Language and Handwriting]][[Category:Language and Handwriting]]
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