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Latin Genealogical Word List: Difference between revisions
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The ''case'' of a word describes how it is being used in a sentence. The main three cases are: | The ''case'' of a word describes how it is being used in a sentence. The main three cases are: | ||
'''Nominative''': when the noun is the subject of the sentence, i.e. it is doing the verb <br> '''Accusative''' : when the noun is the object of the sentence, so something else is doing a verb on it. <br> '''Genitive''': the noun possesses or belongs to something else. In English indicated by 'of' or 's | '''Nominative''': when the noun is the subject of the sentence, i.e. it is doing the verb <br> '''Accusative''' : when the noun is the object of the sentence, so something else is doing a verb on it. <br> '''Genitive''': the noun possesses or belongs to something else. In English indicated by 'of' or 's | ||
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{| width="300" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" | {| width="300" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Situation | | Situation | ||
| 1st declension | | 1st declension | ||
| 2nd declension | | 2nd declension | ||
| 3rd declension | | 3rd declension | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative singular | | Nominative singular | ||
| -a | | -a | ||
| -us | | -us | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative plural | | Nominative plural | ||
| -ae | | -ae | ||
| -i | | -i | ||
| -es | | -es | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive Singular | | Genitive Singular | ||
| -ae | | -ae | ||
| -i | | -i | ||
| -is | | -is | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Genitive Plural | | Genitive Plural | ||
| -arum | | -arum | ||
| -orum | | -orum | ||
| -um | | -um | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Accusative Singular | | Accusative Singular | ||
| -am | | -am | ||
| -um | | -um | ||
| -em | | -em | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Accusative Plural | | Accusative Plural | ||
| -as | | -as | ||
| -os | | -os | ||
| -es | | -es | ||
|} | |} | ||
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Some words can be either masculine or feminine, such as ''patrinus'' (godfather) and ''patrina'' (godmother). This word list usually gives only the male form even though a female form may occur in Latin records. Thus, given the word ''famulus'' (servant), you can conclude that ''famula'' is a female servant. Similarly, this word list gives only ''natus est'' ("he was born"). You can conclude that ''nata est'' means "she was born." The plural form ''nati sunt'' means "they were born." | Some words can be either masculine or feminine, such as ''patrinus'' (godfather) and ''patrina'' (godmother). This word list usually gives only the male form even though a female form may occur in Latin records. Thus, given the word ''famulus'' (servant), you can conclude that ''famula'' is a female servant. Similarly, this word list gives only ''natus est'' ("he was born"). You can conclude that ''nata est'' means "she was born." The plural form ''nati sunt'' means "they were born." | ||
==== Examples and Exceptions<br> ==== | |||
==== Examples and Exceptions<br> ==== | |||
:<br> | :<br> | ||
{| style="width: 272px; height: 268px; | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" style="width: 272px; height: 268px;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| ''filius'' | | ''filius'' | ||
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:<br> | :<br> | ||
{| style="width: 289px; height: 158px; | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" style="width: 289px; height: 158px;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''Present''' | | '''Present''' | ||