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[[Image:Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg|thumb|right|180x202px|Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg]]  
[[Image:Chippewa, Arrow-Maker.jpg|thumb|right|180x202px]]  


[[Image:Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg|thumb|right|183x204px|Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg]]  
[[Image:Chippewa, Woman and Infant, (1900).jpg|thumb|right|183x204px]]  


To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]  
To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]  
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=== '''Various Spellings:''' Chippewa, Ojibwa, Ojibway  ===
=== '''Various Spellings:''' Chippewa, Ojibwa, Ojibway  ===


Chippewa is the Anglicized version of Ojibway (also spelled Ojibwe and Ojibwa). The name Chippewa is more commonly used in the United States and the name Ojibway is more common in Canada<ref>Facts for Kids: Ojibway Indians (Chippewa, Ojibway) [http://www.bigorrin.org/chippewa_kids.htm Available online]</ref> <ref>*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/chippewa/chippewahist.htm Available online].</ref>.  
Early on they were often called Chippeway or Chipaway. Chippewa is the Anglicized version of Ojibway (also spelled Ojibwe and Ojibwa). The name Chippewa is more commonly used in the United States and the name Ojibway is more common in Canada<ref>Facts for Kids: Ojibway Indians (Chippewa, Ojibway) [http://www.bigorrin.org/chippewa_kids.htm Available online]</ref> <ref>*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1906 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/chippewa/chippewahist.htm Available online].</ref>.  


'''Major Bands:''' Missisaugaa and Salteaux
'''Major Bands:''' Algonquin; Bungee; Chipewyan includuing the Dogrib; Gwich'in; Hare; Slave; Yellowknifes; and all other Dene People; Cree (the northern Ojibway's or Muskeego); Missisaugaa; Nipissing; Ottawa or Odawa; Pembina; and Saulteaux or Saulteau. All Great Lakes Algonquians are Chippewa including the Abenaki; Delaware including the Mahican; Munsee; and Naticoke; Illini; Kickapoo; Menominee; Miami; Potawatomi; Sac or Sauk (both are short for Saginaw); the Saginaw including the Swan Creek and Black River Chippewa's; Shawnee; and Stockbridge. Out west, the Arapaho; Blackfeet; Cheyenne; and Gros Ventre. Further west, the Apache; Navajo; Wappo; Wichita (William Clark claimed in 1805, the Wichita are Chippaways who lived along the Red River between Oklahoma and Texas); Wiyot; Yuki; and Yurok.<br>


'''Other Bands:''' Fish, Loon, Marten, Crane, and the Bear  
'''Other Bands:''' Fish, Loon, Marten, Crane, and the Bear are totems. All totem members lived in all Chippewa villages.<br>


Little Shell Band of Chippewa
Little Shell Band of Chippew.


List of bands from the National Archives descriptive pamphlet: Bad River Chippewa, Bois Fort Chippewa, Cass Lake and Winnibigoshish Chippewa, Chippewa Chippewa, Fond du Lac Chippewa. Grand Portage Chippewa, Gull Lake Chippewa, Lac Courte Oreilles Chippewa, Lac du Flambeau Chippewa, Leech Lake Pillager Chippewa, Mille Lac Chippewa, Nett Lake Chippewa, Otter Tail Pillage, Pembina, Red Cliff Chippewa, Red Lake Chippewa, Rice Lake Chippewa, turtle Mountain, Vermillion Lake Chippewa, and White Earth Chippewa  
List of bands from the National Archives descriptive pamphlet: Bad River Chippewa, Bois Fort Chippewa, Cass Lake and Winnibigoshish Chippewa, Chippewa Chippewa, Fond du Lac Chippewa. Grand Portage Chippewa, Gull Lake Chippewa, Lac Courte Oreilles Chippewa, Lac du Flambeau Chippewa, Leech Lake Pillager Chippewa, Mille Lac Chippewa, Nett Lake Chippewa, Otter Tail Pillage, Pembina, Red Cliff Chippewa, Red Lake Chippewa, Rice Lake Chippewa, turtle Mountain, Vermillion Lake Chippewa, and White Earth Chippewa  


'''Original Homelands: '''Great Lakes region;&nbsp;Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, North Dakota and Ontario.  
'''Original Homelands: '''Great Lakes region;&nbsp;Wisconsin, Minnesota, Michigan, Illinois, Indiana, and Iowa; North Dakota, Montana, South Dakota, Kansas, Nebraska, Oklahoma, Texas, Wyoming, Idaho, Colorado, Utah, New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, California, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, Nunavut, Northwest Territories, Ontario, Saskatchewan, Quebec, and Yukon; Mexico including the States of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sinaloa, and Sonora.
 
Linguistic: Algonquian including Athabascan or Dene. The 1832 Edinburgh Encyclopedia proves the Athabascan or Dene People, are Algonquian. Click the link below. Or visit googlebooks.com. Write The 1832 Edinburgh Encyclopedia in the search box. Another link below has a list of Algonquian speaking tribes. It's very helpful in learning about how spread the Algonquian language is.<br>
 
[http://books.google.com/books?id=QLVkuSgdGi8C&pg=PA33&lpg=PA33&dq=strongbow+indian+tribe+and+chipewyan&source=bl&ots=KweSF3b9ab&sig=mYq_GzjL5xWRQYztic6J_a6TCB8&hl=en&sa=X&ei=hsvfUs_oKsaAogSMp4CwBQ&ved=0CCQQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q=strongbow%20indian%20tribe%20and%20chipewyan&f=false books.google.com/books]
 
[http://www.wilkesweb.us/algonquin/nations.htm www.wilkesweb.us/algonquin/nations.htm]
 


Linguistic: Algonquian


'''See also:''' [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]]  
'''See also:''' [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]]  


=== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg|thumb|right|240x260px|Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg]]Tribal Headquarters  ===
=== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Rocky Boy (Stone Child) dressed in an ornate attire, NO. 120.jpg|thumb|right|240x260px]]Tribal Headquarters  ===


[http://www.glitc.org/ Great Lakes Inter-tribal Council Tribal]'''<br>'''St. Croix Chippewa Community<br>24663 Angeline Avenue - Webster WI 54893<br>Phone: 715-349-2195 - Fax: 715-349-5768<br>  
[http://www.glitc.org/ Great Lakes Inter-tribal Council Tribal]'''<br>'''St. Croix Chippewa Community<br>24663 Angeline Avenue - Webster WI 54893<br>Phone: 715-349-2195 - Fax: 715-349-5768<br>  
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Land cessions began in 1815, and continued through the mid 1800's. As land was ceded many tribal members migrated.  
Land cessions began in 1815, and continued through the mid 1800's. As land was ceded many tribal members migrated.  


In 1860 the tribe was removed to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. In 1892 assigned to Turtle Mountain Reservation in North Dakota, later assigned to the [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's reservation in]] Montana with the Cree tribe with whom they had united with in the 1890's later becoming known as [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]]  
In 1860 the tribe was removed to Indian Territory in Oklahoma. They (the Swan Creek and Black River Saginaw Chippewa's with some Munsee), were forced to join the Cherokee in northeastern Oklahoma where they lost their tribal identity. In 1892 assigned to Turtle Mountain Reservation in North Dakota, later assigned to the [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's reservation in]] Montana with the Cree tribe with whom they had united with in the 1890's later becoming known as [[Chippewa-Cree Indians|Chippewa-Cree]]. The Chippewa's have lived in the western part of North America for an extremely long time. They had an early warning (the Seven Fires Prophecy) and prepared. Even before the whites invaded. Lewis and Clark knew the Chippewa's or Chippaways, were living in Texas long before 1805. William Clark wrote in his journals under Estimates for the Eastern Indians, that they lived in Texas. They are listed number 53. Click this [http://lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/read/?_xmlsrc=1804-1805.winter.part2.xml&_xslsrc=LCstyles.xsl lewisandclarkjournals.unl.edu/read/]&nbsp; link to read about it. Or google Lewis and Clarks journals.<br>


==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands  ====
==== Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands  ====
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The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/id.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991 (Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources.  
The following list of reservations has been compiled from the ''National Atlas of the United States of America''<ref>National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/id.pdf Available online.]</ref>, the ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''<ref>Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991 (Family History Library book {{FHL|433280|title-id|disp=973 E5}})</ref>, and other sources.  


[[Bay Mills Indian Reservation (Michigan)|Bay Mills]], [[Grand Portage Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Grand Portage]], [[Leech Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Leeck Lake]], [[Mille Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mille Lacs]], [[Red Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Red Lake]], Nett Lake, [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain]], [[White Earth Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|White Earth]], [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's]], Bad River, [[Lac Courte Oreilles Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac Courte Oreilles]], [[Lac du Flambeau Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac du Flambeau]], Keweenaw Bay, [[Fond du Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Fond Du Lac]], Mole Lake, [[Red Cliff Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Red Cliff]], and St. Croix  
[[Bay Mills Indian Reservation (Michigan)|Bay Mills]], [[Grand Portage Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Grand Portage]], [[Leech Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Leeck Lake]], [[Mille Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Mille Lacs]], [[Red Lake Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Red Lake]], Nett Lake, [[Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation (North Dakota)|Turtle Mountain]], [[White Earth Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|White Earth]], [[Rocky Boy's Indian Reservation (Montana)|Rocky Boy's]], Bad River, [[Lac Courte Oreilles Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac Courte Oreilles]], [[Lac du Flambeau Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Lac du Flambeau]], Keweenaw Bay, [[Fond du Lac Indian Reservation (Minnesota)|Fond Du Lac]], Mole Lake, [[Red Cliff Indian Reservation (Wisconsin)|Red Cliff]],  
 
St. Croix, [[Navajo_Indian_Reservation_(Arizona)|Navajo_Indian_Reservation_(Arizona)]]
 
[[Navajo_Indian_Reservation_(Arizona)]],&nbsp;[[San_Carlos_Apache_Indian_Reservation,_Arizona_(Reservation)]],&nbsp;[[Fort_Apache_Indian_Reservation,_White_Mountain_Apache_Tribe,_Arizona_(Reservation)|Fort_Apache_Indian_Reservation,_White_Mountain_Apache_Tribe,_Arizona_(Reservation)]]
 
[[Fort_Apache_Indian_Reservation,_White_Mountain_Apache_Tribe,_Arizona_(Reservation)]],&nbsp;[[Colorado_River_Indian_Reservation_(Arizona)|Colorado_River_Indian_Reservation_(Arizona)]]
 
[[Colorado_River_Indian_Reservation_(Arizona)]],&nbsp;[[Mescalero_Reservation,_New_Mexico]],&nbsp;[[Blackfeet_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)|Blackfeet_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)]]
 
[[Blackfeet_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)]],&nbsp;[[Leech_Lake_Indian_Reservation_(Minnesota)]],&nbsp; [[Wind_River_Indian_Reservation_(Wyoming)]], [[Northern_Cheyenne_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)]],<br>
 
[[Fort_Belknap_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)]], [[Flathead_Indian_Reservation_(Montana)]],
 
[[Coeur_d'Alene_Indian_Reservation_(Idaho)]], [[Colville_Indian_Reservation_(Washington)]],
 
[[Spokane_Indian_Reservation_(Washington)]], [[Hoopa_Valley_Reservation,_California]], [[Yurok_Indian_Reservation_(California)]], [[Round_Valley_Indian_Reservation_(California)]]


=== Bands and Other Subdivisions of the Chippewa Tribe  ===
=== Bands and Other Subdivisions of the Chippewa Tribe  ===
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First Film:  
First Film:  


1638620
1638620  


| Rolls 2, 11, 57-76,94-97,117-167,170-71,180  
| Rolls 2, 11, 57-76,94-97,117-167,170-71,180  
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| Washington D.C.  
| Washington D.C.  
| Rolls 642-51  
| Rolls 642-51  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| Rolls 181,140-47, 187, 229-32, 253,392-95  
| Rolls 181,140-47, 187, 229-32, 253,392-95  
| FHL Films 579727-579738
| FHL Films 579727-579738
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| Washington D.C.  
| Washington D.C.  
| Rolls 656-58  
| Rolls 656-58  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| Rolls 417,595-607,628,649-62  
| Rolls 417,595-607,628,649-62  
| -
| -
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| Washington D.C. and Chicago  
| Washington D.C. and Chicago  
| Rolls 728-44  
| Rolls 728-44  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| -  
| -  
| FHL Films 581444-581449
| FHL Films 581444-581449
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| Washington D.C. and Chicago  
| Washington D.C. and Chicago  
| Rolls 149-68  
| Rolls 149-68  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| -  
| -  
| FHL Films 574216-575768
| FHL Films 574216-575768
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| Washington D.C.  
| Washington D.C.  
| Rolls 387-400  
| Rolls 387-400  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| -  
| -  
|  
|  
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| Washington D.C.  
| Washington D.C.  
| Rolls 402-16  
| Rolls 402-16  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| -  
| -  
| -
| -
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| Washington D.C.  
| Washington D.C.  
| Roll 767  
| Roll 767  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| -  
| -  
| -
| -
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| Washington D.C. and Chicago  
| Washington D.C. and Chicago  
| Rolls 402-16  
| Rolls 402-16  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| Roll 253  
| Roll 253  
| Film:579663
| Film:579663
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| Washington D.C. and Kansas City  
| Washington D.C. and Kansas City  
| Rolls 931-47  
| Rolls 931-47  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| -  
| -  
| FHL Films 583122-583130
| FHL Films 583122-583130
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| Chicago  
| Chicago  
| Rolls 132-34, 315-36  
| Rolls 132-34, 315-36  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| -  
| -  
| FHL Films 576861-576863
| FHL Films 576861-576863
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| Washington D.C.  
| Washington D.C.  
| Rolls 215-18  
| Rolls 215-18  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| -  
| -  
| -
| -
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| Kansas City  
| Kansas City  
| Rolls 281-84  
| Rolls 281-84  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| Rolls94-97  
| Rolls94-97  
| {{FHL|Films:575786-575789}}
| {{FHL|Films:575786-575789}}
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| Chicago  
| Chicago  
| Rolls 387-400  
| Rolls 387-400  
| 1638620
| 1638620  
| Rolls 234-42  
| Rolls 234-42  
| Films:576923-576931  
| Films:576923-576931  
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National Archives film M234, Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affaris, 1824-1881. Includes 1. 1838 list of Chippewa, Ottawa and Pottawatomie entitled to benefits at the Council Bluffs Agency. (File H571, Roll 215) 2. 1878 lists of heads of families for Pillager and Lake Winnebigoshish Chippewa, (Fild K259, Roll 1166) 3. 1878 lists of heads of families for White Oake, Point and Mississippi Chippewa, (File K266, Roll 166)(source: NAR RR#1002)  
National Archives film M234, Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affaris, 1824-1881. Includes 1. 1838 list of Chippewa, Ottawa and Pottawatomie entitled to benefits at the Council Bluffs Agency. (File H571, Roll 215) 2. 1878 lists of heads of families for Pillager and Lake Winnebigoshish Chippewa, (Fild K259, Roll 1166) 3. 1878 lists of heads of families for White Oake, Point and Mississippi Chippewa, (File K266, Roll 166)(source: NAR RR#1002)  


==== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg|thumb|right|232x264px|Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg]]Treaties  ====
==== [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Kenawash, 3.jpg|thumb|right|232x264px]]Treaties  ====


*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0006.htm 1785] January 21, at Fort McIntosh - Wyandot  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0006.htm 1785] January 21, at Fort McIntosh - Wyandot  
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*November 17, 1807, at Detroit - Ottawa  
*November 17, 1807, at Detroit - Ottawa  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0099.htm 1808] November 25, at Brownstown  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/chi0099.htm 1808] November 25, at Brownstown  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm 1815] September 8, at Spring Wells - Wyandot [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg|thumb|right|217x248px|Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg]]  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0162.htm 1815] September 8, at Spring Wells - Wyandot [[Image:Chippewa, Chief Obtossaway.jpg|thumb|right|217x248px]]  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0132.htm 1816] August 24, at St. Louis - Ottawa  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0132.htm 1816] August 24, at St. Louis - Ottawa  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm 1817] September 29, on the Miami - Wyandot  
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/wya0145.htm 1817] September 29, on the Miami - Wyandot  
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