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Geographylogo.png In other languages: Slovenščina

Description

Slovene is the official language in Solovenia. It is the native language of 88% of Slovenia's population. [1] [2] [3]

Other languages which have official language status in selected regions of Slovenia are:

Other minority languages spoken include:

  • Romani - a legally protected language in Slovenia.
  • Croatian
  • Serbian
  • Serbo-Croatian - a significant number of people speak a variant as their native language.
  • German - was the largest minority language in Slovenia prior to World War II.

Slovenia's most taught foreign languages include English, German, Italian, French, and Spanish.

Word List(s)

Hungarian Genealogical Word List
Italian Genealogical Word List
Romanian Genealogical Word List
Serbo-Croatian Genealogical Word List
German Genealogical Word List


Alphabet and Pronunciation

Alphabet

Pronunciation

Language Aids and Dictionaries

Dictionaries

  • Snoj, Nina. Slovene dictionary & phrasebook : Slovene-English, English-Slovene. New York: Hippocrene Books, 2005. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Derbyshire, William W and Marta Pirnat-Greenberg. A learner's dictionary of Slovene. Bloomington, Ind: Slavica Publishers, 2002. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Hungarian phrasebook & dictionary. Carlton, Victoria: Lonely Planet Global Limited, 2018. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Hungarian phrasebook & dictionary. London: Berlitz Publishing, 2019. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Bulhosen, Pat, Francesca Logi, and Loredana Riu. Compact Oxford Italian dictionary : Italian-English, English-Italian. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. Available at: WorldCat.

Online Dictionaries

Language Aids

Additional Resources

  • Plut-Pregelj, Leopoldina and Carole Rogel. Historical dictionary of Slovenia. Lanham, Md: Scarecrow Press, 2007. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Plut-Pregelj, Leopoldina and Carole Rogel. The A to Z of Slovenia. Lanham: Scarecrow Press, 2010. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Serbo-Croatian language issues - Omniglot
  • Slovene Language - MustGo

References

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Slovenia," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovenia#:~:text=official%20language%20in%20Slovenia, accessed 8 May 2023.
  2. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Languages of Slovenia," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Slovenia, accessed 8 May 2023.
  3. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Slovene language," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovene_language, accessed 8 May 2023.

Introduction

Materials used in Slovenian research can be written in German, Slovene, Latin, Hungarian, or Italian. Early records are in Latin, later records until 1800 in German, and then in Slovene. Slovene is a south Slavic language closely related to Croatian. Some records in western Slovenia are in Italian and some records in the eastern part are in Hungarian. You do not need to know all these languages to do research in Slovenian records. You will, however, need to know some key words and phrases in Slovene, German, and Latin for most of the country.

For word lists and help researching in Slovenian records, see:

Research Strategy

Here are some language tips when doing research in Slovenia:

  • Good genealogical word lists in English, Slovene, German, and Latin are found in the appendices to Moj rodovnik : priročnik za raziskovanje rodu by Vasja Butina (FS Library 949.73 D27b).
  • Archival finding aids are written in Slovene.
  • Census records (1880-1890) for Novo Mesto are written mostly in Slovene although the columns are dual language—both German and Slovene. When recording a family of German heritage that entry would be written in German using the Fraktur script. All other entries were written in Slovene using Latin script.
  • You will only find Hungarian in the eastern edges of Slovenia next to Hungary.
For instance, the records at the FamilySearch Library for Murska Sobota include Muster rolls in Hungarian, Jewish Records in German and Hungarian, civil registration in Hungarian, and Roman Catholic parish registers in Latin and Hungarian.

Slovenian Genealogical Words

Months

In modern Slovenian, the names of months are cognates with most European languages. However, archaic Slovenian can have multiple names for the months which names are primarily of Slavic origin. These names usually vary by region. Additionally, the Slovenian language changes the endings of words depending on their function in the phrase or sentence. Months are often written in possessive form.[1] The following table illustrates the various names of the months in modern and archaic Slovenian:

Roman Numeral English Modern Slovenian Archaic Slovenian Archaic variations
I January januar prosinec brumen, ledenec/lednik, mali božičnjak, prvnik, zimec, sečen
II February februar svečan
III March marec sušec Brezen/Breznik, Vetrnik, Ebehtnik, gregorščak, postnik, traven, tretnik
IV April april mali traven brezen, jurijevščak
V May maj veliki traven cvetičnik/cvetnar, majnik, mlečen, risalščak, rožni mesec, sviben
VI June junij rožnik bobov cvet, ivanjščak/šentjanževec, klasen, kresnik, prašnik, rožni cvet, rženi cvet
VII July julij mali srpan jakobnik/jakobščak, pšeničnik, žetnik
VIII August avgust veliki srpan kolovožnjak, medmašnik, mešnjak, otavnik, porcijunkula, vršenj
IX September september kimavec jesenik/jesenščak, kozoprsk, miholščak, poberuh, šmihelščnik
X October oktober vinotok kozoprsk, listopad, lukovščak, moštnik, obročnik, repar/repnik, vinec/vinšča, vesevéšček
XI November november listopad andrejščak, gnilolist, listognoj, martinščak, vsevečnjak / vesvečak
XII December december gruden kolednjak, veliki božičnjak, božič

Numbers

Numeral Cardinal (1, 2, 3) Ordinal (1st, 2nd, 3rd)
1 eden, en prvi
2 dva, dve drugi
3 tri, trije tretji
4 štiri -i
5 pet -i
6 šest šesti
7 sedem sedmi
8 osem osmi
9 devet deveti
10 deset deseti
11 enajst enajsti
12 dvanajst dvanajsti
13 trinajst trinajsti
14 štirinajst štirinajsti
15 petnajst petnajsti
16 šestnajst šestnajsti
17 sedemnajst sedemnajsti
18 osemnajst osemnajsti
19 devetnajst devetnajsti
20 dvajset dvajseti
21 enaindvajset enaindvajseti
22 dvaindvajset dvaindvajset
30 trideset trideseti
40 štirideset štirideseti
50 petdeset petdeseti
60 šestdeset šestdeseti
70 sedemdeset sedemdeseti
80 osemdeset osemdeseti
90 devetdeset devetdeseti
100 sto stoti
200 dve sto dvestoti
300 tri sto tristoti
400 štiristo štiristoti
500 pet sto petstoti
1000 tisoc tisoči

Land ownership

English Modern Slovenian Archaic Slovenian Modern German Archaic German Amount of land
farmer Kmet Hübler ownership of 1 Hube, approximately 30-45 yoke (17-25.5 hectares)
half farmer 1/2 Kmet Halbhübler or 1/2 Hübler ownership of between 1/2 to 1 Hube
quarter farmer 1/4 Kmet Viertelhübler or 1/4 Hübler ownership of between 1/4 to 1/2 Hube
farmer Kajžar Keuschler Kaischler ownership of less than 1/4 Hube; not enough land to support the family
cottager Hišar Neuhäusler or Häusler ownership of only the house, no other significant piece of land

Key Words

Slovenian English
advokat lawyer
ali or
avstrijski Austrian
babica grandmother, midwife
berač, revež beggar
bil, bila, bilo was
bivališče residence
Bog (služba božja) God (service to God)
boter godfather
botra godmother
brat brother
brskali smo we searched
čas (letni čas) time (season)
cel full
cerkev, cerkven church
cerkovnik sacristan
cerkveno poročen married in church
četrtina quarter (1/4)
črvivost worms
čuvaj watchman, guard
da that
dan day
današnji today's
danes today
deček young man
ded grandfather
dekle girl
deklica girl, maiden
dekliški priimek maiden name
delavec laborer
dete infant, child
deva maiden
dežela land
deželani urad land office
dne on the day
do into, up to
dobili smo we received
dojilja wet nurse
domovina fatherland, homeland
domovnica fatherland, homeland
dopoldan A.M.
drugi second, other
drugi dan v mesecu second day of the month
družava state
družina family, household
družinski član family member
družinsko family name
državljanstvo citizenship, nationality
dvojčki twins
dvojnik duplicate
evangelski Evangelical Lutheran
fara parish
glistavost stomach worms
god name-day
gospa lady, wife
gospod gentleman
gospodovega leta in the year of our Lord
gosposka gentlemanly
gostilničar innkeeper (male)
gostilničarka innkeeper (female)
grb coat of arms
grob grave
grobar gravedigger
grško-katoliški Greek Catholic
grunt farm
gruntar farmer
hči daughter
hči dekle farm labourer's daughter
hiranje to waste away (consumption)
hišne farm labourer's daughter
hišne delavke farm labourer's daughter
hišni delavec farm labourer/farmhand
hišno ime house name
hlapec farm or day labourer, farmhand
hmeljar hop grower
ime given name
in and
infarkt stroke
istega dne the same day
istega dne (datuma) kot zgoraj the day (date) as above
isti the same
italijanski Italian
iz out of
izčrpanost debility
iz krajevne (lokalne) cerkve from the local parish
iz mesta from the town
izpisek extract
izven zakonski illegitimate
izvirajoč od descending, originating from
izvleček extract
izvor (poreklo) source, root (origin)
jetika consumption, to waste away
jutri tomorrow
jutrišnji tomorrow's
kajžar farm or day labourer (male), farmhand
kajžarka farm or day labourer (female), farmhand
kap apoplexy
kaplan chaplain
ker because
ki who
kmečka hči farmer's daughter
kmečka sin farmer's son
kmečki farm man
kmet peasant, farmer
kmetija farmhand
kmetje farmers
kmet na 1/4 kmetije quarter farmer
knjiga book
koleno descendant, offspring
kolike colic
kopija copy
kot as, alias
kovač blacksmith
koze (bolezen) smallpox (disease)
kraj place, locality
krajevno ime placename
krči cramps, convulsion
krojač tailor
krojaški mojster master tailor
krščen christened, baptized
krščen v sili christened in need, usually by midwife; emergency christening
krst baptism, christening
krstni boter baptism godfather
krstni botra baptism godmother
krstni list birth, baptismal certificate
krst ob očiščenem izviru baptized at the cleansing fountain
kurat curate
lastnik owner
lastnikov brat owner's brother
let year
leto year
letnik year
leta years
listina document
ločen divorced
lokalni duhovnik local priest
mačeha stepmother
madžarski Hungarian
majhen little
materin jezik mother tongue
mati mother
mati družine mother of the family
mati očeta družine mother of the father of the family
mati glave družine mother of the head of the household
matere of the mother
matična knjiga vital records
matični urad registry office
med between, during
mesec month
mesto city, town
mežnar sacristan
mir quiet, peace, retirement
mizar cabinetmaker, joiner
mlad young
mladič offspring
mladenič young man
mlinar miler
moški male
mož husband, man
mrlič dead body, cadaver
mrliški list death certificate
mrtev dead, deceased
na at, on
na den (dne) on the day (of)
nagrobnik tombstone
najemnik tenant, resident
najstarejši sin successor, eldest son
napihnjenost swelling, tumor
nas us
naš our
naslednik successor, descendant
naslednji the following day
nasledstvo descendant, offspring
naslov address
navje quiet, peace, retirement
ne not
nečak nephew
nečakinja niece
nedavno preminul recently deceased
nedonošenost premature birth, under age
ne morem najiti we cannot find
nemški German
neporočen unmarried
nepoznan unknown
nevesta bride
nezakonski illegitimate
nezakonski sin illegitimate son
njeni her
njegov his
ni is not
nimamo we do not have
nismo mogli najti we could not find
o concerning
oba both
občina district, county
obrezati to circumcise
oče father
oče družine father of the family, head of the household
oče očeta družine father of the father of the family
oče glave družine father of the head of the household
očeta of the father
očetnjava fatherland
očetovstvo fatherhood, paternity
očim stepfather
od from
okoli circa
omožiti se to marry, take a husband
onostranstvo beyond, life after death
opazki remarks
opomba remark, comment, take note
oporoka will, testament
oslabelost debility
oslavski kašelj whooping cough
oteklost swelling, tumor
otroci children
otrok child
otroka of the child
ovdovel(a) widowed
pismo letter
plemstvo nobility
podatki information
pokoj quiet, peace, retirement
pokojni dead, deceased
poljedelec farmer
poročenka bride
posestnik owner
potomec successor, descendant
potomstvo descendant, offspring
prababica great-grandmother
praded great-grandfather
pravoslavni Orthodox
predčasno rojen premature birth, under age
prednik ancestor, sire (to indicate legal kinship)
približno circa
priimek surname
prve first
rajnki dead, deceased
razporočen divorced
razvezan divorced
revež, berač beggar
rimsko-katoliški Roman Catholic
rod descendant, offspring
rodbina family (extended)
rodbinsko ime family name
rodila she gave birth
roj. born, née, maiden name
rojen born
rojstni dan birthday
rojstni list birth certificate
rojstva of birth
s with
sestra sister
sin son
skupščina občine district government committee
sledeči dan following day
smrt death
smrtni list death certificate
so they are
so bili they were
sorodnik relative
spol sex, gender
soprog husband
stalno prebivlišče permanent residence
stanovalec tenant, resident
star old
stara mati grandmother
starši parents
stran page
stric uncle
svoj his, her own
teden week
teta aunt
trebušna stomach worms
tresenje cramps, convulsion
truplo dead body, cadaver
tukajši of this place
tumor swelling, tumor
ujec maternal uncle
umrl died
umrli dead, deceased
ura hour
urad office
v in
vas you
vaš your
včerajšnji yesterday's
včeraj yesterday
vek age
velik big, great
vera religion
ves full
vdova widow
vdovec widower
vpisan recorded, written
z of, with
za for
zakonec husband
zakupnik farmer
zarod descendant, offspring
žena wife, woman
ženin bridegroom
ženski female
židovski Jewish
zunaj illegitimate
  1. ↑ Wandering Helene, "The Interesting Evolution of Month Names in Slovene" (accessed 16 April 2023)
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