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Finland

Business and Occupations

Occupations

Occupations were a measure of social status. Some trades were viewed as more prestigious than others. Many tradesmen, such as butchers, tanners, shoemakers, tailors, and others, were organized into guilds. The purpose of a guild was to train apprentices and regulate the practice of the trade in an area.

Guilds were usually established in each city. The records of these guilds contain lists of members, information on journeymen practicing in the town, marriages of journeymen, and advancements from apprentice to journeyman and from journeyman to master craftsman. In addition, contracts between masters and parents of apprentices may be included.

These records are usually found in the provincial archives. The FamilySearch Library has collected records of some guilds in Finland. It also has books with biographical information about various occupations and other occupational records. To find them, look in in the Locality Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under:

FINLAND- OCCUPATIONS

FINLAND, [COUNTY]- OCCUPATIONS

FINLAND, [COUNTY], [TOWN]- OCCUPATIONS

Merchant Marine Records [Kauppalaivasto/Handelsflottan]

Merchant marines are sailors who work on commercial ships. Finland had a large merchant marine enterprise that traveled and traded worldwide.

Among the records of the Finnish merchant marine are:

Records of the navigational schools [merenkulkukoulu/navigationsskola].

Records of the sailors’ houses [merimieshuone/sjömanshus].

The sailors’ houses recruited and registered sailors. They made crew assignments for each ship and recorded the ships’ crews as they embarked and disembarked. These records contain individual names, birth dates, birthplaces, marital status, position on the ship, salary, and previous ship assignments, with some ports listed for each journey.

Records of Finnish Lutheran churches or sailors’ houses in foreign ports.

Merchant marine records are a valuable research tool. Finland had a large number of Finnish merchant marines; many of them deserted or emigrated and ended up in the United States (Alaska, Hawaii, Pacific coast, Atlantic coast), Canada, Australia, or Russia.

These are records of sailors on commercial ships. Finland had a large merchant marine enterprise that traveled and traded worldwide. In the nineteenth century Finland provided the bulk of the merchant marine services for the Russian Empire. Among the records of the merchant marine are records of the navigational schools [merenkulkukoulu / navigationsskola] and records of the sailors’ houses [merimieshuone / sjömanshus]. The sailors houses recruited and registered sailors. They made crew assignments for each ship and recorded the ships’ crews as they embarked and disembarked.

They contain names of individual sailors, birth dates and places, marital status, position on the ship, salary, and previous ship assignments, with some ports listed for each journey. If any sailors deserted or died during the voyage it was indicated on the register. Originals can be found at provincial archives and in the municipal archives of some coastal cities. Recent records would be at the schools or sailors’ institutions.

FamilySearch Library Collection

Since there were many Finnish merchant marines, these records are a valuable source for researchers. To find them, look in the Locality Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under Finland and the main port cities:

FINLAND - MERCHANT MARINE

FINLAND, [COUNTY], [CITY] - MERCHANT MARINE

FINLAND, [COUNTY], [CITY] - BUSINESS RECORDS AND COMMERCE

FINLAND, [COUNTY], [CITY] - OCCUPATIONS

FINLAND, [COUNTY], [CITY] - SCHOOLS

FINLAND, [COUNTY], [CITY] - TOWN RECORDS