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Navajo Nation: Difference between revisions
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The Navajo (Naabeeho, Navaho, and other variants) are the largest [http://www.bia.gov/idc/groups/xofa/documents/document/idc012038.pdf federally recognized tribes] in the United States, or known among kinsmen as Dine'. The Navajo Nation is an independent government body, which manages the Navajo Indian reservation. | The Navajo (Naabeeho, Navaho, and other variants) are the largest [http://www.bia.gov/idc/groups/xofa/documents/document/idc012038.pdf federally recognized tribes] in the United States, or known among kinsmen as Dine'. The Navajo Nation is an independent government body, which manages the Navajo Indian reservation. | ||
Like most groups, the Navajos relate their history to major events which influenced their people and family history information will usually relate to these events. | Like most groups, the Navajos relate their history to major events which influenced their people and family history information will usually relate to these events.<br> | ||
==== Brief Timeline ==== | |||
===== Spanish Era (1492-1820) ===== | |||
* | *'''Mid 1700s:''' Spanish sent missionaries | ||
==== | ===== Mexican Era (1821-1847)<br> ===== | ||
*'''1846: '''Treaty | *'''1846: '''Treaty | ||
*'''1846-48:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War Mexican War] | *'''1846-48:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War Mexican War] | ||
*'''1848: '''Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Mexico cede the Southwest to the United States | |||
*'''1848: '''Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Mexico cede the Southwest to the United States | |||
===== ===== | |||
*'''1849:''' Treaty | *'''1849:''' Treaty | ||
*'''1858:''' Manuelito, an Navajo leader, discovered his livestock had be shot by U.S. Soldiers. He confronted the Major at Fort Defiance, claiming the land and water. Soldiers from Fort Defiance, with Zuni mercenaries, burned Manuelito's village and fields. | *'''1858:''' Manuelito, an Navajo leader, discovered his livestock had be shot by U.S. Soldiers. He confronted the Major at Fort Defiance, claiming the land and water. Soldiers from Fort Defiance, with Zuni mercenaries, burned Manuelito's village and fields. | ||
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*'''1862:''' Kit Carson began scorched-earth offensive | *'''1862:''' Kit Carson began scorched-earth offensive | ||
*'''1863''': New Mexico was cut in half, to create the Territory of Arizona. | *'''1863''': New Mexico was cut in half, to create the Territory of Arizona. | ||
*'''1864-1866:''' Relocated with Apache to [[Indians of New Mexico|New Mexico]], at Bosque Redondo near [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Sumner Fort Sumner], about 200 Navajos died on the 300 mile trek. - "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_Walk_of_the_Navajo The Long Walk]". It is estimated 2,000 died while at Bosque Redondo | *'''1864-1866:''' Relocated with Apache to [[Indians of New Mexico|New Mexico]], at Bosque Redondo near [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Sumner Fort Sumner], about 200 Navajos died on the 300 mile trek. - "[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_Walk_of_the_Navajo The Long Walk]". It is estimated 2,000 died while at Bosque Redondo | ||
===== Reservation Era (1868-1927) ===== | |||
*'''1868: '''Treaty, granted reservation | *'''1868: '''Treaty, granted reservation | ||
*'''1878:''' Navajo Reservation is expanded into Arizona. | *'''1878:''' Navajo Reservation is expanded into Arizona. | ||
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*'''1912:''' New Mexico and Arizona become states. | *'''1912:''' New Mexico and Arizona become states. | ||
*'''1922:''' Oil discovered on Navajo Reservation. | *'''1922:''' Oil discovered on Navajo Reservation. | ||
*'''1924:''' Passage of Indian Citizenship Act. | *'''1924:''' Passage of Indian Citizenship Act. | ||
===== Stock Reduction (1928-1940) ===== | |||
*'''1923-1936:''' Stock Reduction Program, The U.S. government killed more than 250,000 Navajo sheep and goats the horses. Part of soil conservation; "an acre could have no more than 6 sheep". | *'''1923-1936:''' Stock Reduction Program, The U.S. government killed more than 250,000 Navajo sheep and goats the horses. Part of soil conservation; "an acre could have no more than 6 sheep". | ||
*'''1934:''' The Navaho Mounted Police was formed. | *'''1934:''' The Navaho Mounted Police was formed. | ||
*'''1936:''' Window Rock, Arizona chosen as the site for the Navajo Central Agency. Now the Navajo Tribal Council. | *'''1936:''' Window Rock, Arizona chosen as the site for the Navajo Central Agency. Now the Navajo Tribal Council. | ||
===== Coming Out (1941-1969) ===== | |||
*'''1941-9145:''' All American Indian men were required to register for the draft. A total of 24,521 American Indian men served in the U.S. armed services during World War II. | *'''1941-9145:''' All American Indian men were required to register for the draft. A total of 24,521 American Indian men served in the U.S. armed services during World War II. | ||
*'''1951:''' Uranium discovered on the Navajo Reservation in New Mexico and Arizona. | *'''1951:''' Uranium discovered on the Navajo Reservation in New Mexico and Arizona. | ||
*'''World War II:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_talker Navajo Code Talkers] | *'''World War II:''' [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_talker Navajo Code Talkers] | ||
See also [http://www.lapahie.com/Timeline.cfm Navajo Timeline]<br> | ===== Self Determination (1970-Present) ===== | ||
See also [http://www.lapahie.com/Timeline.cfm Navajo Timeline]<br> | |||
==== Navajo Clan System ==== | ==== Navajo Clan System ==== | ||
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Below is a Navajo Nation Public Service Map | Below is a Navajo Nation Public Service Map | ||
[[Image:Map of Navajo Nation Public Health Service.jpg|frame|center|450x375px | [[Image:Map of Navajo Nation Public Health Service.jpg|frame|center|450x375px]]<br> | ||
For a different and more detailed map with locations in Navajo, click: [http://www.lapahie.com/Navajo_Map_Lg.cfm Navajo Reservation Map]<br> | For a different and more detailed map with locations in Navajo, click: [http://www.lapahie.com/Navajo_Map_Lg.cfm Navajo Reservation Map]<br> | ||