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=== U.S. - Native Relations === | === U.S. - Native Relations === | ||
When dealing with Native American records, you will come into contact with a number of governmental offices that have dealt with American Indian tribes. The three main level of offices included are, Indian agents, Superintendents, and Commissioner of Indian Affairs. The following is a very brief explanation of what these offices entailed. | When dealing with Native American records, you will come into contact with a number of governmental offices that have dealt with American Indian tribes. The three main level of offices included are, Indian agents, [https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/Superintendencies_of_Indian_Affairs Superintendents], and Commissioner of Indian Affairs. The following is a very brief explanation of what these offices entailed. | ||
United States and American Indian relations began with the first acts of the Continental Congress in 1775 which passed several ordinances dealing with American Indians. The first was to divide administrative responsibility into three geographical districts (northern, central, and southern) with the creation of a superintendent to govern the affairs between Congress and the Native peoples.<sup>1</sup> It was often the case that ''ex officio'' superintendent of Indian affairs was usually held by Territorial governors who would help negotiate treaties and obtain titles to Indian lands. | United States and American Indian relations began with the first acts of the Continental Congress in 1775 which passed several ordinances dealing with American Indians. The first was to divide administrative responsibility into three geographical districts (northern, central, and southern) with the creation of a superintendent to govern the affairs between Congress and the Native peoples.<sup>1</sup> It was often the case that ''ex officio'' superintendent of Indian affairs was usually held by Territorial governors who would help negotiate [http://digital.library.okstate.edu/Kappler/Vol2/toc.htm treaties] and obtain titles to Indian lands. | ||
Since multiple tribes lived in territorial boundaries, agents were created to govern one or more tribes or geographical areas. Indian agents were appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate. Agents were to report to the Superintendent, but at times records were sent directly to Washington D.C. | Since multiple tribes lived in territorial boundaries, agents were created to govern one or more tribes or geographical areas. Indian agents were appointed by the President with the approval of the Senate. Agents were to report to the Superintendent, but at times records were sent directly to Washington D.C. | ||
The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was then created in 1824 as part of the War Department, to govern the affairs between settlers and Native peoples.Originally called, Heads of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, this title was later changed to Commissioner of Indian Affairs and has since been changed to Assistant Secretary of the Interior of Indian Affairs. When Natives were no longer considered to be a threat, the BIA was then transferred to the Department of the Interior in 1849, and continues to this day. | The Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) was then created in 1824 as part of the War Department, to govern the affairs between settlers and Native peoples.Originally called, Heads of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, this title was later changed to Commissioner of Indian Affairs and has since been changed to Assistant Secretary of the Interior of Indian Affairs. When Natives were no longer considered to be a threat, the BIA was then transferred to the Department of the Interior in 1849, and continues to this day. | ||
=== <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Agencies</span> === | === <span style="line-height: 1.5em;">Agencies</span> === | ||