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The Cherokee were slave owners, and resided in areas encompassed by southern influence many of them enlisted in the Confederate Army. A Treaty signed in 1866 remitted them to the United States. They were required to release their slaves. Others had joined the Union Army. | The Cherokee were slave owners, and resided in areas encompassed by southern influence many of them enlisted in the Confederate Army. A Treaty signed in 1866 remitted them to the United States. They were required to release their slaves. Others had joined the Union Army. | ||
In 1870 some [[Delaware Indians|Delaware]] and [[Shawnee Indians|Shawnee]] from Kansas were admitted to the tribe. | In 1870 some [[Delaware Indians|Delaware]] and [[Shawnee Indians|Shawnee]] from [[Indians_of_Kansas|Kansas]] were admitted to the tribe. | ||
There are three band of Cherokee recognized by the Federal government; Cherokee Nation, Eastern Band of Cherokee, and [[United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians in Oklahoma|United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee]] | There are three band of Cherokee recognized by the Federal government; Cherokee Nation, Eastern Band of Cherokee, and [[United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians in Oklahoma|United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee]] | ||
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*'''1800: '''"Moravian," Protestant missionaries of German origin, established the first mission at Spring Place. | *'''1800: '''"Moravian," Protestant missionaries of German origin, established the first mission at Spring Place. | ||
*'''1801-1823:''' An Indian agent, Return J. Meigs, lived among the Cherokee. | *'''1801-1823:''' An Indian agent, Return J. Meigs, lived among the Cherokee. | ||
*'''1816:''' Lovely's Purchase. Osage agreed to cede land in Arkansas to the United States for the Cherokee people. | *'''1816:''' Lovely's Purchase. [[Osage_Indians|Osage]] agreed to cede land in Arkansas to the United States for the Cherokee people. | ||
*'''1817:''' "Turkey Town Treaty" finalized the exchange for land in Arkansas. The "Old Settlers" begin their migration. | *'''1817:''' "Turkey Town Treaty" finalized the exchange for land in [[Indians_of_Arkansas|Arkansas]]. The "Old Settlers" begin their migration. | ||
*'''1819-1821:''' Sequoyah (George Gist) created the Cherokee alphabet. | *'''1819-1821:''' Sequoyah (George Gist) created the Cherokee alphabet. | ||
*'''1827: '''Tribal leaders recorded their constitution | *'''1827: '''Tribal leaders recorded their constitution | ||
*'''1828:''' Georgia held a lottery for Cherokee lands. | *'''1828:''' [[Indians_of_Georgia|Georgia]] held a lottery for Cherokee lands. | ||
*'''1828:''' ''Cherokee Phoenix,'' a bilingual newspaper, contained columns in both English and Cherokee. Editor -- Elias Boudinot | *'''1828:''' ''Cherokee Phoenix,'' a bilingual newspaper, contained columns in both English and Cherokee. Editor -- Elias Boudinot | ||
*'''December 1835:''' Treaty of New Echota, traded Cherokee lands in the southeast for land in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) | *'''December 1835:''' Treaty of New Echota, traded Cherokee lands in the southeast for land in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) | ||
*'''1838: '''First Group; Start of Trail of Tears, 800-mile journey; 1838-39 - Second group; 4,000 Cherokees died | *'''1838: '''First Group; Start of Trail of Tears, 800-mile journey; 1838-39 - Second group; 4,000 Cherokees died | ||
*Cherokee Nation created and divided into the following districts or counties: Canadian, Cooweescoowee, Delaware, Going Snake, Flint, Illinois, Saline, Sequoyah and Tahlequah | *Cherokee Nation created and divided into the following districts or counties: Canadian, Cooweescoowee, Delaware, Going Snake, Flint, Illinois, Saline, Sequoyah and Tahlequah | ||
*'''1861:''' Beginning of the Civil War. A treaty was signed between the Cherokee Nation and the Confederate government. | *'''1861:''' Beginning of the [[American_Indians_in_the_Civil_War|Civil War]]. A treaty was signed between the Cherokee Nation and the Confederate government. | ||
*'''1865:<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1271186596656_863" /> '''Eastern Band lost many to a smallpox epidemic | *'''1865:<span id="fck_dom_range_temp_1271186596656_863" /> '''Eastern Band lost many to a smallpox epidemic | ||
*'''1866:''' July 19, Treaty provided for the cession of the Cherokee "neutral lands" in Kansas. Indians living on the land could receive a patent to 320 acres but stipulated that they would no longer be members of the Cherokee nation. | *'''1866:''' July 19, Treaty provided for the cession of the Cherokee "neutral lands" in [[Indians_of_Kansas|Kansas]]. Indians living on the land could receive a patent to 320 acres but stipulated that they would no longer be members of the Cherokee nation. | ||
*'''1887:''' General Allotment Act passed. This act required individual ownership of lands once held in common by the Cherokee people. | *'''1887:''' General Allotment Act passed. This act required individual ownership of lands once held in common by the Cherokee people. | ||
*'''1889:''' Unassigned lands in Indian Territory were opened to white settlers. (Oklahoma Land Rush) | *'''1889:''' Unassigned lands in Indian Territory were opened to white settlers. (Oklahoma Land Rush) | ||
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*'''1907:''' Oklahoma became the 46th State. | *'''1907:''' Oklahoma became the 46th State. | ||
*Cherokee Nation divided into ten counties: Adair, Cherokee, Craig, Delaware, Maynes, Nowata, Rogers, Sequoyah, Tulsa, and Washington | *Cherokee Nation divided into ten counties: Adair, Cherokee, Craig, Delaware, Maynes, Nowata, Rogers, Sequoyah, Tulsa, and Washington | ||
*'''1909:''' Guion Miller Rolls, Cherokee only, who applied for a share of the money from a law suit settlement against the United States | *'''1909:''' Guion Miller Rolls, Cherokee only, who applied for a share of the money from a law suit settlement against the United States | ||
*'''1953:''' U.S. Congress began a new policy of termination for the Indian tribes. The policy ended the protected trust status of all Indian-owned lands. The BIA began a voluntary urban relocation program. American Indians could move from their rural tribes to a metropolitan area. Many Indians relocated to Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles, San Francisco, San Jose, St. Louis, Cincinnati, Cleveland, Dallas and Seattle.It is estimated that 750,000 Native American migrated to the cities between 1950-1980. <br> | |||
*'''1968:''' Indian Civil Rights Act restored the right to hold popular elections. | |||
'''Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands''' | '''Additional References to the History of the Tribe and/or Bands''' | ||
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The Bureau of Indian Affairs compiled annual Indian Census rolls on many of the reservations from 1885-1940. They list the names of individuals, their age, and other details about each person enumerated. For more information about these records [[American Indian Census Rolls|click here.]] <br> | The Bureau of Indian Affairs compiled annual Indian Census rolls on many of the reservations from 1885-1940. They list the names of individuals, their age, and other details about each person enumerated. For more information about these records [[American Indian Census Rolls|click here.]] <br> | ||
Correspondence | === Correspondence === | ||
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