Jordan Tribes and Clans: Difference between revisions
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==Resources== | ==Resources== | ||
=== Online Resources === | === Online Resources === | ||
* ''History of Trans-Jordan and Its Tribes'', by Frederick G. Peake. Jordan: Al-Ahliyah of Publishing and Distribution, 19--?. '''''Online at:''''' {{FSDL|448298}} | |||
**تاريخ شرقي الأردن وقبائلها. فريدريك ج. بيك. عمان - الأردن: الأهلية للنشر والتوزيع, ٢٠١٦ | |||
* ''Dictionary of Tribes in Jordan and Palestine, (in Arabic),'' by Ḥannā ʻAmmārī. Amman, Jordan : Al-Ahlia, 2014. '''''Online at:''''' {{FSDL|883907}} | |||
**2014, قاموس العشائر في الأردن و فلسطين | |||
*''The History of East Jordan and its Tribes, (in Arabic)'', by Fridirīk J Bīk. Amman, Jordan : Al-Ahlia, 2016. '''''Online at:''''' {{FSDL|883257}} | |||
**2016, تاريخ شرقي الأردن وقبائلها | |||
* [https://shamela.ws/category/27 Al-Maktabah al-Shamilah (The Comprehensive Library) - Genealogy Category (Arabic)] - catalogue of Arabic books on genealogy with detailed descriptions; books not accessible directly on website | * [https://shamela.ws/category/27 Al-Maktabah al-Shamilah (The Comprehensive Library) - Genealogy Category (Arabic)] - catalogue of Arabic books on genealogy with detailed descriptions; books not accessible directly on website | ||
* [https://olomlnassb.blogspot.com/ Genealogical Science Library (Arabic - <big>مكتبة علوم النسب</big>)] - digital catalogue of Arabic books on family and tribal genealogies; open source books are linked and accessible | * [https://olomlnassb.blogspot.com/ Genealogical Science Library (Arabic - <big>مكتبة علوم النسب</big>)] - digital catalogue of Arabic books on family and tribal genealogies; open source books are linked and accessible | ||
**Email: [mailto:Olomanasb@gmail.com olomanasb@gmail.com] | **Email: [mailto:Olomanasb@gmail.com olomanasb@gmail.com] | ||
*''The Tribe of al-Jurban (in Arabic)'', by Muhammad Sadiq al-Jurban. 'Amman: Dar al-Abrar Publishing and Distribution, 2011. '''''Online at:''''' [https://archive.org/details/20240613_20240613_1640/mode/2up Archive.org]. | *''The Tribe of al-Jurban (in Arabic)'', by Muhammad Sadiq al-Jurban. 'Amman: Dar al-Abrar Publishing and Distribution, 2011. '''''Online at:''''' [https://archive.org/details/20240613_20240613_1640/mode/2up Archive.org]. | ||
**''عشيرة الجربان''، محمد صادق الجربان. عمان: دار الأبرار للنشر والتوزيع، 2011. | **''عشيرة الجربان''، محمد صادق الجربان. عمان: دار الأبرار للنشر والتوزيع، 2011. | ||
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*''Register zu den Genealogischen Tabellen der Arabischen Stämme und Familien: Mit Historischen und Geographischen Bemerkungen. (Register of the genealogical tables of the Arabian tribes and families : with historical and geographical notes)'' By Ferdinand Wüstenfeld. London: Reprint: Forgotten Books. 2009. {{WorldCat|1110711401|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | *''Register zu den Genealogischen Tabellen der Arabischen Stämme und Familien: Mit Historischen und Geographischen Bemerkungen. (Register of the genealogical tables of the Arabian tribes and families : with historical and geographical notes)'' By Ferdinand Wüstenfeld. London: Reprint: Forgotten Books. 2009. {{WorldCat|1110711401|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}} | ||
==Background== | ==Background== | ||
==Information Recorded in the Records== | ===Tribes in Jordan=== | ||
=== General Information about Tribes=== | |||
In the Middle East and North Africa, the term "tribe" refers to large collection of inter-related families that can trace their lineage back to a common ancestor; although, as is discussed in greater detail below, a shared ancestry is not always necessary for a family to join a tribe. It is typically used as a translation for the Arabic word "<big>قَبيلة</big>" (qabīlah), although in the Research Wiki "tribe" is also used for other Arabic terms. Tribes in the region can number in the hundreds to tens of thousands; some are relatively localized, while others are stretched or scattered over vast areas. Tribes are often divided into increasingly smaller kinship groups, including "<big>بَطْن</big>" (baṭn), "<big>فَخْذ</big>" (fakhth), and "<big>عَشيرة</big>" (ʿashīrah). The latter is translated in the Wiki as "clan". | |||
Tradition holds that all Arab tribes trace their lineage to two primary ancestors: Qahtan (<big>قحطان</big>), progenitor of the "pure" Arabs originating from modern Yemen, and Adnan (<big>عدنان</big>), ancestor of the "Arabicized" Arabs and a descendent of Abraham's son Ishmael.<ref name=":0">"People of Arabia," ''Britannica'', https://www.britannica.com/place/Arabia-peninsula-Asia/People, accessed 5 September 2024.</ref> | |||
Throughout Arabian history, free, arms-bearing tribesmen, whether nomadic or settled, dominated society. Sultans, emirs, and sheikhs were often drawn from these tribes and sought their support. The descendants of the Prophet Muhammad, who hold the titles of sayyids and sharifs, traditionally enjoyed a higher social status and sometimes exercised theocratic rule as spiritual leaders. | |||
It is important to note that affiliation with a particular tribe does not necessarily entail direct kinship to that tribe. In some cases, new tribes formed as the result of alliances between pre-existing tribal groups. Individual families may have occasionally become clients of a different tribe and eventually adopted as members. On an even smaller scale, individuals were sometimes adopted into a tribe. This was particularly true during the first centuries of Islam, when non-Arab converts to Islam were required to become clients, or "mawali" (Arabic مَوالٍ), of an Arab tribe.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Spread of Islam," ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spread_of_Islam, accessed 8 October 2024.</ref> Therefore, association with a tribe does not automatically imply descent or kinship relationship within a given lineage. | |||
== Information Recorded in the Records== | |||
*'''Books''' - There are numerous books written about Jordanian and, more broadly, Arab tribes. Both categories of books can be valuable to researchers, as many tribes found in Jordan are also found elsewhere in the Middle East and North Africa. | |||
==Strategy== | ==Strategy== | ||
The published works above include information useful for tracing Jordan tribal lineages. These works include lineages, tribal history, biographies of prominent individuals, poetry, or encyclopedic entries of tribes and their sub-divisions. | The published works above include information useful for tracing Jordan tribal lineages. These works include lineages, tribal history, biographies of prominent individuals, poetry, or encyclopedic entries of tribes and their sub-divisions. | ||
Some of the resources listed above treat with specific tribes, while others look at groups of tribes. The scope of each resource affects the level of detail it contains on actual individuals and their families. While some books contain detailed genealogies with specific names from generation to generation, others treat with tribes generally, focusing more on their history and movement. The latter type of book can be especially useful for individuals who are unsure of where their ancestors lived, as these books can provide information on towns or regions where certain tribes can be found. | Some of the resources listed above treat with specific tribes, while others look at groups of tribes. The scope of each resource affects the level of detail it contains on actual individuals and their families. While some books contain detailed genealogies with specific names from generation to generation, others treat with tribes generally, focusing more on their history and movement. The latter type of book can be especially useful for individuals who are unsure of where their ancestors lived, as these books can provide information on towns or regions where certain tribes can be found. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[Category:Jordan]][[Category:Tribes and Clans]] | [[Category:Jordan]][[Category:Tribes and Clans]] | ||
Revision as of 11:45, 13 February 2025
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In other languages: العربيةResources[edit | edit source]
Online Resources[edit | edit source]
- History of Trans-Jordan and Its Tribes, by Frederick G. Peake. Jordan: Al-Ahliyah of Publishing and Distribution, 19--?. Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library
- تاريخ شرقي الأردن وقبائلها. فريدريك ج. بيك. عمان - الأردن: الأهلية للنشر والتوزيع, ٢٠١٦
- Dictionary of Tribes in Jordan and Palestine, (in Arabic), by Ḥannā ʻAmmārī. Amman, Jordan : Al-Ahlia, 2014. Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library
- 2014, قاموس العشائر في الأردن و فلسطين
- The History of East Jordan and its Tribes, (in Arabic), by Fridirīk J Bīk. Amman, Jordan : Al-Ahlia, 2016. Online at: FamilySearch Digital Library
- 2016, تاريخ شرقي الأردن وقبائلها
- Al-Maktabah al-Shamilah (The Comprehensive Library) - Genealogy Category (Arabic) - catalogue of Arabic books on genealogy with detailed descriptions; books not accessible directly on website
- Genealogical Science Library (Arabic - مكتبة علوم النسب) - digital catalogue of Arabic books on family and tribal genealogies; open source books are linked and accessible
- Email: olomanasb@gmail.com
- The Tribe of al-Jurban (in Arabic), by Muhammad Sadiq al-Jurban. 'Amman: Dar al-Abrar Publishing and Distribution, 2011. Online at: Archive.org.
- عشيرة الجربان، محمد صادق الجربان. عمان: دار الأبرار للنشر والتوزيع، 2011.
- Dictionary of Ancient and Modern Arab Tribes (in Arabic). Omar Reda Kahala. Damascus, Syria: Al-Risala Publishers Foundation, 2011. Online at: Archive.org
- معجم قبائل العرب القديمة والحديثة. عمر رضا كحالة. دمشق سوريا: مؤسسة الرسالة ناشرون, ٢٠١١
- The History of the 'Awaliq Tribes and Their Impact on Contemporary Media (in Arabic), by Dr. 'Alawi 'Umar bin Furayr al-'Awaliqi. Beirut: Dar Qutaybah, 2005. Online at: Archive.org.
- تاريخ قبائل العوالق وأثره في الإعلام المعاصر, الدكتور علوي عمر بن فرير العوالقي. بيروت: دار قتيبة، 2005
- The Collection of Genealogies. Abu al-Mundhir Hisham bin Muhammad bin al-Sa’ib al-Kalbi. Beirut, Lebanon: Alam al-Kutub, 2004. Online at: Archive.org
- جمهرة النسب. أبو المنذر هشام بن محمد بن السائب الكلبي. بيروت، لبنان: عالم الكتب, ٢٠٠٤
- The Arab Tribes: Their Historical Origins and Roots (in Arabic), by Jamal Mashari al-Rafdi. Online at: Archive.org.
- القبائل العربية: أصولها جذورها التاريخية، جمال بن مشاري الرفدي.
Print Publications[edit | edit source]
Arabic[edit | edit source]
- The Collection of Arab Genealogies (in Arabic), by Abu Muhammad Ali bin Ahmed bin Saeed bin Hazm Al-Andalusi. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Al-Kutub Al-Ilmiyyah, 2018.
- جمهرة أنساب العرب. أبو محمد علي بن أحمد بن سعيد بن حزم الأندلسي. بيروت، لبنان: دار الكتب العلمية, ٢٠١٨
- The End of the Goal in Knowing the Genealogies of the Arabs (in Arabic). Abu al-Abbas Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Ahmad ibn Abdullah al-Qalqashandi. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 2012. Online preview at: Google Books
- نهاية الارب في معرفة انساب العرب. أبو العباس أحمد بن علي بن أحمد بن عبد الله القلقشندي. بيروت، لبنان: دار الكتب العلمية
- Gold Necklaces in Knowing the Genealogies of Arab Tribes (in Arabic), by Mustafa Hamidi bin Ahmed al-Kurdi al-Balawi al-Dimashqi. Beirut, Lebanon: Dar and Library of Al-Hilal, Bir al-Abd, 2000. At various libraries (WorldCat)
- قلائد الذهب في معرفة أنساب قبائل العرب. مصطفى حميدي بن أحمد الكردي البالوي الدمشقي. بيروت، لبنان: دار ومكتبة الهلال بئر العبد , ٢٠٠٠
- Genealogical Trees of Arab Tribes and Families: With Historical and Geographical Notes (in Arabic), by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld. Beirut: Dar Al-Warak, 1852. At various libraries (WorldCat)
- مشجرات أنساب قبائل والعوئل العربية: مع مراصظات تاريخية وجغرافية. فرديناند فوستنفلد. بيروت: دار الورَّك, ١٨٥٢
German[edit | edit source]
- Register zu den Genealogischen Tabellen der Arabischen Stämme und Familien: Mit Historischen und Geographischen Bemerkungen. (Register of the genealogical tables of the Arabian tribes and families : with historical and geographical notes) By Ferdinand Wüstenfeld. London: Reprint: Forgotten Books. 2009. At various libraries (WorldCat)
Background[edit | edit source]
Tribes in Jordan[edit | edit source]
General Information about Tribes[edit | edit source]
In the Middle East and North Africa, the term "tribe" refers to large collection of inter-related families that can trace their lineage back to a common ancestor; although, as is discussed in greater detail below, a shared ancestry is not always necessary for a family to join a tribe. It is typically used as a translation for the Arabic word "قَبيلة" (qabīlah), although in the Research Wiki "tribe" is also used for other Arabic terms. Tribes in the region can number in the hundreds to tens of thousands; some are relatively localized, while others are stretched or scattered over vast areas. Tribes are often divided into increasingly smaller kinship groups, including "بَطْن" (baṭn), "فَخْذ" (fakhth), and "عَشيرة" (ʿashīrah). The latter is translated in the Wiki as "clan".
Tradition holds that all Arab tribes trace their lineage to two primary ancestors: Qahtan (قحطان), progenitor of the "pure" Arabs originating from modern Yemen, and Adnan (عدنان), ancestor of the "Arabicized" Arabs and a descendent of Abraham's son Ishmael.[1]
Throughout Arabian history, free, arms-bearing tribesmen, whether nomadic or settled, dominated society. Sultans, emirs, and sheikhs were often drawn from these tribes and sought their support. The descendants of the Prophet Muhammad, who hold the titles of sayyids and sharifs, traditionally enjoyed a higher social status and sometimes exercised theocratic rule as spiritual leaders.
It is important to note that affiliation with a particular tribe does not necessarily entail direct kinship to that tribe. In some cases, new tribes formed as the result of alliances between pre-existing tribal groups. Individual families may have occasionally become clients of a different tribe and eventually adopted as members. On an even smaller scale, individuals were sometimes adopted into a tribe. This was particularly true during the first centuries of Islam, when non-Arab converts to Islam were required to become clients, or "mawali" (Arabic مَوالٍ), of an Arab tribe.[2] Therefore, association with a tribe does not automatically imply descent or kinship relationship within a given lineage.
Information Recorded in the Records[edit | edit source]
- Books - There are numerous books written about Jordanian and, more broadly, Arab tribes. Both categories of books can be valuable to researchers, as many tribes found in Jordan are also found elsewhere in the Middle East and North Africa.
Strategy[edit | edit source]
The published works above include information useful for tracing Jordan tribal lineages. These works include lineages, tribal history, biographies of prominent individuals, poetry, or encyclopedic entries of tribes and their sub-divisions. Some of the resources listed above treat with specific tribes, while others look at groups of tribes. The scope of each resource affects the level of detail it contains on actual individuals and their families. While some books contain detailed genealogies with specific names from generation to generation, others treat with tribes generally, focusing more on their history and movement. The latter type of book can be especially useful for individuals who are unsure of where their ancestors lived, as these books can provide information on towns or regions where certain tribes can be found.
References[edit | edit source]
- ↑ "People of Arabia," Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/place/Arabia-peninsula-Asia/People, accessed 5 September 2024.
- ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Spread of Islam," Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spread_of_Islam, accessed 8 October 2024.