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A census is a count and description of a population. Censuses have been taken by the government of France, by individual towns, and by some old provinces. These have been taken primarily for military purposes, taxation, or identification of the poor. | A census is a count and description of a population. Censuses have been taken by the government of France, by individual towns, and by some old provinces. These have been taken primarily for military purposes, taxation, or identification of the poor. | ||
Early census records are local or municipal enumerations taken in connection with taxation. These vary in content but generally contain names of heads of families, and household members either by name or numbers. Early censuses, also called ''Recensement, centième, denier'', or ''registres de la taille et autres registres d’impôts seigneuriaux et royaux'' date from 1590 to the present, with some from the 14th century. | |||
The first national census listing names in France was taken in the year 1772. Most national censuses from 1795 to 1836 show only statistics without personal names. From 1836 until 1936, a national census was taken every five years except for 1871 (which was taken in 1872) and 1916 (which was skipped). | The first national census listing names in France was taken in the year 1772. Most national censuses from 1795 to 1836 show only statistics without personal names. From 1836 until 1936, a national census was taken every five years except for 1871 (which was taken in 1872) and 1916 (which was skipped). | ||
Census records less than one hundred years old are confidential and may not be searched by individuals. However, some archivists are not strict with this rule and may allow access to census records up to the last 30 years. | Census records less than one hundred years old are confidential and may not be searched by individuals. However, some archivists are not strict with this rule and may allow access to census records up to the last 30 years. Some earlier censuses may have been destroyed because of an 1887 decree, but this law was not applied everywhere. Early town and provincial censuses usually covered a smaller portion of the local population. | ||
Some earlier censuses may have been destroyed because of an 1887 decree, but this law was not applied everywhere. Early town and provincial censuses usually covered a smaller portion of the local population. | |||
Census records do not consistently give the same information, but after 1836 they usually give the surname and given names, age, occupation, head of house, nationality, and sometimes the birthplace. Use the information with caution, however, since the information may have been given to a census taker by any member of the family or a neighbor. Some information may have been incorrect or deliberately falsified. | Census records do not consistently give the same information, but after 1836 they usually give the surname and given names, age, occupation, head of house, nationality, and sometimes the birthplace. Use the information with caution, however, since the information may have been given to a census taker by any member of the family or a neighbor. Some information may have been incorrect or deliberately falsified. | ||
National censuses are usually found in the departmental archives. | National censuses are usually found in the departmental archives. Earlier and censuses may be found in Departmental and municipal archives. | ||
For more details about French censuses see page 81 of [http://www.francegenweb.org/~archives/guide/index.php Guide des recherches sur l'histoire des familles]. | For more details about French censuses see page 81 of [http://www.francegenweb.org/~archives/guide/index.php Guide des recherches sur l'histoire des familles]. | ||
== Information | |||
== Information Collected from 1831 to 1891 == | |||
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== References == | == References == | ||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||
[[fr:France Recensement ]]<br> | [[fr:France Recensement ]]<br> | ||