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==Information  in Polish Records Used After 1918 (Napoleonic Format)==
==Information  in Polish Records Used After 1918 (Napoleonic Format)==
=== Polish Civil Registration Reading Aids  ===
The following reading aids are designed to help you read a typical birth, marriage, or death entry in Polish civil registration. Since the wording of these records was standardized, it is possible to learn the format, and with careful effort, to read Polish records. 
<br>
When using the reading aids, please note the following: <br>
*Be flexible. Terms and spellings may vary. Information may not always be presented in the exact order shown in the examples. For example, the year may be given before the day of the month or the age may follow the occupation, etc. You must thoroughly familiarize yourself with the format, not just the words.
*It is not uncommon to find double dates given in the entries. When this occurs, the first is the Julian date according to the old Julian calendar. The second is the Gregorian date according to the modern Gregorian calendar used in the world today.
=== Napoleonic Birth Records in Polish  ===
Birth records contain data on:
*the parents' age
*profession
*social standing
*full place of residence
*full date of birth and registration (down to the hour)
'''A.  Place and date of registration of birth. (Place is given with grammatical ending and the date and time of day are written out in Polish.) Use the [[Polish Genealogical Word List|'''Polish Genealogical Word List''']] to read the date. Following are translations of the Polish entries:<br>
----
''Dzialo się&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; w wsi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Oporowie&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dnia trzeciego''<br>It came to pass&nbsp;in village (of) Oporów (on) day third &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;(of)<br>
----
''lutego&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; tyziąc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ośmset&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pięćdziesiątego drugiego roku''<br>February thousand eight-hundred fiftieth –&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; second&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; year (1852),<br>
----
''o godzinie dziewiątego z rana''. . . .<br>at hour&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ninth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in the morning. . . .<br>
----
----
►'''(Prior to the mid-1810s records will start with ''Roku''. This earlier format gives year first, date, time of day, and then the title and often the name of the registrar.)'''<br>
----
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''Roku tysiąc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; osemsetnego&nbsp;&nbsp; czternastego&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dnia trzeciego<br>''(of) Year thousand eight-hundred fourteen (1814) (on) day third&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of)<br>
----
*''lutego &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;o godzinie dziewiątego z rana&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; przed Nami Augustynem<br>''February at hour&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ninth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in the morning before us&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Augustyn<br>
----
''Walęckiem proboszcz &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;parafii &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Oporowskiej sprawuającym obowiązki<br>''Walęcki&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; priest&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) parish (of) Oporów&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; discharging&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; duties&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of)<br>
----
''urzędnika stanu cywilnego&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; gminy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Oporowskiej powiatu<br>''civil registrar&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) township (of) Oporów district&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of)<br>
----
''Orlowskiej w Departmencie&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Warszawskim''.<br>Orlów&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in Department&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) Warsaw
----
----
'''B.  The father of the child presents himself (or the midwife if the child is illegitimate) to report the birth.<br>
----
''Stawil &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;s''i''ę &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Marcin Gorecki okupnik rolnik, &nbsp;lat &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;cztyrdziesciści<br>''Presented himself Marcin Gorecki tenant&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; farmer, years forty<br>
----
''mający / liczący&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; w Czyzeminie zamieszkaly.''<br>having / counting &nbsp;in Czyzemiń&nbsp;&nbsp; residing.
----
----
'''C.  Two witnesses are named with genitive grammatical inflection. Their occupations, ages, and residences are given. (This is sometimes omitted in earlier records.)<br>
----
''w obecności &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Macieja Nowaka lat &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;trzydzieści pięć mający i<br>''in presence&nbsp; (of) Maciej&nbsp;&nbsp; Nowak&nbsp; years thirty-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; five having and (of)<br>
----
''Jana Grabowskiego lat &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;pięćdziesiąt liczący,&nbsp; &nbsp;obydwóch rolników w<br>''Jan&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Grabowski&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; years fifty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; counting, both&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; farmers&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in<br>
----
''Czyzeminie zamieszkałych''.<br>Czyzemiń&nbsp;&nbsp; residing.
----
----
'''D.  The child is presented and the sex is indicated.<br>
----
''i&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; okazał&nbsp;&nbsp; Nam dziecię,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; płci męskiej /''źeńskiej. . . .<br>and showed us&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; child,&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) sex&nbsp; male&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /&nbsp; female. . . .
----
----
'''E.  Place of birth is given with date and time of day. Use the [[Polish Genealogical Word List|'''Polish Genealogical Word List''']] to read the date.<br>
----
''urodzone w &nbsp;Czyzemienie w domu &nbsp;&nbsp;pod &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;numerem trzynastym'', . . . .<br>born&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in Czyzemiń&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in house (under) number&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; thirteen, . . . .<br>
----
''na dniu dzisiejszym / wczorajszym / onegdajszym&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; /''<br>on day&nbsp;&nbsp; today&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / yesterday&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / day before yesterday /<br>
----
''trzydziestym&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;grudnia &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/ &nbsp;miesiąca bie''ź''ącego. . . .<br>''thirtieth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) December /&nbsp; month&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; current. . . .<br>
----
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''roku bieźącego/ przeszłego o godzinie szóstej wieczorem''.<br>(of) year&nbsp; current&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / preceding&nbsp; at hour&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; sixth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in the evening.
----
----
'''F.  The mother of the child is given in genitive grammatical inflection with her age. The record will state if she is the wife of the one presenting himself. If not, the record will state whether she is unmarried. When the mother is married but the father is merely not present, then his name is usually given between the birth date and the name of the mother.<br>
----
''(Urodzone) z&nbsp; &nbsp;jego małźonki Maryanny z Grabowskich / &nbsp;Nowaków''<br>(Born)&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; of his&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wife&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Maryanna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Grabowska&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / Nowak<br>
----
''lat &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;trzydzieści trzy &nbsp;&nbsp;mającej.<br>''years thirty-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; three having.<br>
----
----
►'''(Earlier records, prior to the mid-1820s will usually read differently.)'''<br>
----
''cświadczając, iź&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; jest spłodzone z&nbsp;&nbsp; niego i&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Maryanny<br>''testifying&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; that (it) is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; begotten&nbsp;&nbsp; of him&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; and (of) Maryanna<br>
----
z / z domu &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Mazurk''ów lat &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;trzydzieści trzy &nbsp;&nbsp;mającej jego małźonki.<br>''(maiden name) Mazurek&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; years thirty-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; three having, his&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wife.
----
'''G.  Some records will indicate that on this day the christening was performed.'''<br>
----
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;''Dziecieciu temu na Chrzcie &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Świętym w &nbsp;dniu dzisiejszym odbytym.''<br>(for) child&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; this&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Christening Holy&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; on day&nbsp; today&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; performed.</b>
----
'''H.  The child is given a name.'''<br>
----
''nadane jest Imię &nbsp;Jan Marcin / zyczeniem jego jest nadać mu Imię Ewa''<br>given&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; is&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; name Jan Marcin / desire&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; his&nbsp;&nbsp; is&nbsp;&nbsp; give&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; it&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; name Ewa
----
'''I. The Godparents are named.'''<br>
----
''jego Rodzicami Chrzestnymi byli &nbsp;&nbsp;Alojzy Kowalski &nbsp;&nbsp;i &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Elźbieta Adamska.''<br>his&nbsp;&nbsp; Godparents&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; were Alojzy Kowalski and Elźbieta Adamska.
----
'''J. The entry was read and signed by the witnesses or by the priest/rabbi if the witnesses could not write.'''<br>
----
''Akt &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;ten &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;stawającemu i &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;świadkom przeczytany został,<br>''Entry this (to the one) present&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; and witnesses&nbsp; read&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; was,<br>
----
''Ojciec&nbsp;&nbsp; i &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;świadkowie &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pisać nie &nbsp;umieją.<br>''Father and witnesses (to) write&nbsp; not know how.
----
=== Napoleonic Marriage Records in Polish===
Marriage entries are the most informative. Marrying was subject to specific conditions.
*A male below the age of 18 or a female below the age of 15 could not contract marriage. (The emperor could give dispensations in exceptional, important situations).
*A son under 25 and a daughter under 21 had to have their parents' consent; in case of parental disagreement, the father's consent sufficed.
*If the parents were no longer alive or could not be present, then consent was given by grandfathers or, if applicable, brothers or uncles.
*It was impossible to marry a second time without dissolution of the first marriage.
*The wedding had to take place publicly before the civil registrar in the place of residence of one of the newlyweds.
The Code also set forth the obligations proceeding from marriage:
*Newlyweds were obligated to, among other things, live together and support themselves together and to raise children jointly.
*The husband was to protect his wife, his wife was to obey her husband, the wife could not appear in court without her husband's consent (criminal cases were exceptions) except with support of the court.
*The wife could not enter into a second marriage until after 10 months had passed since the previous marriage was dissolved.
*Children did not have the right to demand any estate from their parents, and in accases of parental poverty, were obligated give them support.
'''The majority of records from the period of the Napoleonic Code gave exact birth dates for the couple according to entries from the registers of their home parishes.'''
----
'''A.  Place and date of registration of marriage. (Place is given with grammatical ending and the date and time of day are written out in Polish.) Use the Polish Word List to read the date.'''<br>
----
''Dzialo się &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; w mieście Olbierzowicach &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dnia dwódzięstego''<br>It came to pass in place&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Olbierzowice&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (on) day&nbsp; twentieth-<br>
----
''siódmego &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;listopadu &nbsp;&nbsp; roku&nbsp; tysiąc &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; osiemset &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; sześcdziesiątego''<br>seventh (of) November year&nbsp; thousand eight-hundred sixtieth-
----
''czwartego, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; o &nbsp;godzinie dziewiątej &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; rano. . . .<br>''fourth (1864) at hour&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ninth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (in) morning. . . .
----
----
►'''(Prior to the mid-1820s, records will start with ''Roku''. This earlier format gives year first, date, time of day, and then the title and often name of the registrar. See birth format for an example.)'''
----
'''B.  In most records after the mid-1820s two witnesses are named, usually with genitive grammatical inflection. Their occupations, ages, and residences are given. (Caution: In some cases the groom and bride present themselves at this point in the entry. In such cases the witnesses will be noted in the Summation.)'''<br>
----
''Wiadomo &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;czyniemy źe &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;w przytomności &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;świadków&nbsp; Tomasza<br>''Knowingly (we) affirm&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; that in presence&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) witnesses&nbsp; Tomasz<br>
----
''Kolczaka mularz &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lat &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;trzydzieści i &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Piotra Studzińskiego''<br>Kolczak&nbsp;&nbsp; bricklayer years thirty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; and Piotr&nbsp; Studzińki<br>
----
''szewca &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lat &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; trzydzieści sześć mających, obydwóch w Olbierzowicach<br>''shoemaker years thirty-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; six&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; having,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; both&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in Olbierzowice<br>
----
''zamięskałych.'' . . .<br>residing. . . .<br>
----
----
►'''Sometimes:'''<br>
----
''Stawiłi się. . .''(Names of witnesses as above, without grammatical endings.)<br>They appeared. . .
----
'''C.  In most records prior to the mid-1820s and sometimes later, the groom and bride will present themselves. Information will be given as in D below, usually without the instrumental grammatical inflection. If the couple appear together with a witness or official, then the instrument inflection may be required because of the preposition ''z".'''<br>
----
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''Stawiłi&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;się &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Ludwik Jan Kowalski, &nbsp;lat. . . . etc., a<br>''(They) presented themselves Ludwik Jan Kowalski, age. . . .etc., and<br>
----
''Panna &nbsp;&nbsp;Tekla Tokarska,&nbsp; lat. . . . etc.''<br>Maiden Tekla Tokarska, age. . . . etc.<br>
----
►'''Sometimes:'''<br>
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''Stawil &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; się &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Rabin Hersz Sztajn wraz &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;z &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Starozakonami<br>''(He) presented himself Rabbi Hersz Sztajn together with Jews<br>
----
''Szmulem Litmanem, lat. . . . , &nbsp;&nbsp;a &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Panna Ruchlą Dawidowiczowną, &nbsp;lat. . . .<br>''Szmul&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Litman,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; age. . . . , and maiden Ruchla Dawidowiczowna, age. . . .
----
'''D. Statement of marriage. If marriage took place on a day different than the day of registration, it will be stated here.'''<br>
----
''Na dniu dzisiejszym / wczorajszym zawarte &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;zostało Religijne''<br>On day&nbsp;&nbsp; today&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / yesterday&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; accomplished was&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Religious<br>
----
''Małźenstwo między. . . .<br>''Marriage&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; between. . . .
----
'''E. Names of bridegroom and bride are given. Because the preposition ''między''requires instrumental grammatical inflection, their names and all words describing them will have grammatical endings. For the groom, everything will end with –''m''. For the bride, everything will end with –''ą.''Information given will vary. Age, previous marital status and residence are almost always given. Very often the entry will also give place of birth. (In early records prior to the mid-1820s this is often accompanied by a statement that the age and birthplace are confirmed by an extract from the parish register of the birthplace.) Most records give the names and residence of parents of the bride and groom. Other information that may be given would be exact birth date, names of previous marriage partners, etc. The order in which information is given can vary, but the groom is always first with information pertaining to him, followed by the bride and all information pertaining to her.<br>
----
''między&nbsp;&nbsp; Ludwikiem Janem Orlikiem / Kowalskim młodzianem / kawalerem /<br>''between Ludwik &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Jan &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Orlik &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/ Kowalski &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;bachelor &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/ bachelor &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/<br>
----
''wdowcem kowalem / profeszyi &nbsp;&nbsp;kowalskiej w Kaczkowiznie zamieszkałym. . . <br>''widower&nbsp;&nbsp; smith&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / profession smith&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in Kaczkowizna residing. . .<br>
----
''urodzonym w Gostynie z &nbsp;/ synem &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;niegdyś / zmarłego Tomasza i<br>''born&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in Gostyn of /&nbsp; son&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) the late / deceased Tomasz&nbsp;&nbsp; and (of)<br>
----
''Justyny z Pinkowskich &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;małźonków &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Orlików podług<br>''Justyna&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pinkowska &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;a married couple (named) the Orliks&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; according to<br>
----
''złoźonej&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; przed&nbsp; Nami metryko&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; wyjęty&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; z&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ksiąg&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; kościoła<br>''submitted before us&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; certificate extracted from book&nbsp; (of) church at<br>
----
''Gostyńskiego lat. . . . etc. &nbsp;a &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Panna &nbsp;&nbsp;Tekla Tokarska&nbsp; / wdowa po Józefie<br>''Gostyn&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; age . . . etc. and maiden Tekla Tokarska / widow of&nbsp; Józef<br>
----
''Gadzińskim zmarłym &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dnia. .&nbsp; / przy matce &nbsp;&nbsp;zostającą, Córka. . .''<br>Gadziński&nbsp;&nbsp; deceased (on) day. . ./ with mother staying,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Daughter (of). . .<br>
----
►'''(Information is given for the bride similar to that given for the groom.) '''
----
'''F. As marriages must be preceded by three banns (announcements in the church) the dates of the banns are given, written out in Polish. Some records also state who gave permission for the marriage.<br>
----
''Małźenstwo to &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;poprzedzily &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp; trzy &nbsp;&nbsp;zapowiedzie &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; w&nbsp; dniach<br>''Marriage&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; this preceded&nbsp;&nbsp; (by) three announcements on days<br>
----
''dziesiątym, siedmnastym, i&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dwódziestym czwartym&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; listopadu&nbsp; roku<br>''tenth,&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; seventeenth, and twenty-&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; fourth&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) November year<br>
----
bie''źącego w parafia. Zezwolenie&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; małźenstwa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Ojca<br>''current&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in parish. Permission (for) marriage&nbsp;&nbsp; (by) father (of)<br>
----
nowoza''ślubionego&nbsp; i&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; rodziców&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; nowozaślubionej.<br>''groom (newlywed) and parents&nbsp; (of) bride (newlywed).
----
'''G.  Summation: This includes a statement that there were no objections to the marriage. Sometimes it includes a renaming of the witnesses with an occasional mention of relationship to the bride or groom. Finally, it concludes with a statement, as in birth and death records, that the entry was read to witnesses and that they signed or did not sign, depending on their ability to write.'''
=== Napoleonic Death Records in Polish===
Death records contain description of the family relationships of the witnesses appearing, exact time and place of death, place of birth and parent's names. If the deceased was married, then the names of his or her spouse and of all living children were given. The cause of death was usually omitted if the person died of natural causes; it was given if the person died as a result of an accident, e.g., drowning, a fall, or fire. Information given in the death record depended on the knowledge of the witnesses who came to report the death.
----
----
'''A.  Place and date of registration of death. (Place is given with grammatical ending and the date and time of day are written out in Polish.) Use the [[Polish Genealogical Word List|'''Polish Genealogical Word List''']] to read the date.'''<br>
----
''Działo się&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; w parafii Źychlińskiej w roku tysiąc&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; osemset<br>It came to pass in parish Źychlin&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; in year thousand eight-hundred<br>
----
''czterdziestiego&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; dnia trzeciego &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;marca &nbsp;o &nbsp;godzinie. . . . etc.''<br>forty (1840)&nbsp; (on) day&nbsp; third&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) March at hour. . . . etc.<br>''
----
►(Prior to the mid-1820s records will start with ''Roku''. This earlier format gives year first, date, time of day, and then the title and often name of the registrar. See birth format for an example.)
----
'''B.  Two witnesses present themselves to report the death. Their occupations, ages, and residences are given.'''<br>
----
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''Stawiłi &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; się &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Marcin Cieślak,&nbsp; parobek &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;lat. . . . &nbsp;&nbsp; i''<br>(They) presented themselves Marcin Cieślak, farmhand age. . . . and<br>
----
''Mateusz Czerwiński,&nbsp;&nbsp; formal&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; lat. . . .<br>''Mateusz Czerwiński, farm-wagon driver age. . . .
----
'''C.  The witnesses testify concerning the death, including the place (given with grammatical ending) and the date and time of day when the death occurred. Use the [[Polish Genealogical Word List|'''Polish Genealogical Word List''']] to read the date.<br>
----
''i &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;oświadczyłi iz &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;dnia pierwszego &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; marca / wczorajszego<br>''and (they) testified&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; that (on) day&nbsp; first&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; (of) March / yesterday<br>
----
&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''roku bieźącego, o&nbsp; godzinie&nbsp; ósmej w wieczor,&nbsp;&nbsp; w wśi &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dębicach. . . .<br>''(of) year&nbsp; current,&nbsp;&nbsp; at hour&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; eight&nbsp; in evening, in village Dębice. . . .
----
'''D. Name of deceased is given with varying amounts of information. Age and occupation are almost always given. Other information often given would be parents, birthplace, survivors, etc.<br>
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&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; ''Umarł / &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Umarła Józef Cieślak&nbsp; lat . . . .&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; &nbsp;licząc[y/a], syn /<br>''(He) died &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;/ (she) died &nbsp;&nbsp; Józef Cieślak years . . . . counting,&nbsp;&nbsp; son /<br>
----
c''órka&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; niegdyś&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; / wspomianego&nbsp; Marcina i&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Wiktoriyi z<br>''daughter (of) deceased / forementioned Marcin and Wiktorya<br>
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''Czerwińskich &nbsp;&nbsp;małonków &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Cieślaków; urodzony w<br>''Czerwińska&nbsp;&nbsp; a married couple (named) the Cieślaks; &nbsp; born &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;in<br>
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''Prusach / w&nbsp; tej&nbsp; wśi &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;roku . . . . gdziei&nbsp; i &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;z &nbsp;&nbsp;kogo urodzony''<br>Prussia&nbsp; / in this village (in) year. . . .&nbsp; when and of whom born<br>
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''niewiadomo. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Zostawił / zostawiwszy po &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;sobie &nbsp;&nbsp; owdowiałą źonę<br>''unknown.&nbsp; (He) has left / leaving&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; after himself widowed&nbsp; wife<br>
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Agat''ę / owdowiałego meźa&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mikołajo / etc.<br>''Agata / widowed&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; husband Mikołaj&nbsp; / etc.
----
----


==Indexes==
==Indexes==
Hanna5974
318,531

edits

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