Kentucky in the Civil War

Kentucky

Kentucky Military

Kentucky in the Civil War

Battle of Mill Springs, Kentucky 19 January 1862

Introduction

Kentucky was a border state during the Civil War. Its legislators preferred neutrality at the beginning of the war, since it had strong ties to both sides. In the 1861 election, most of the state congressional seats went to Union sympathizers. In September 1861, a Confederate army went into Kentucky, thus breaking its neutrality, and a Union army followed. During the war, many battles and guerilla campaigns were fought in Kentucky. Kentucky soldiers served in both the Union and Confederate armies.

Kentucky Military Units

Most units were numbered, however, some were named. See the table below for lists of the regiments, battalions, batteries, and unassigned companies.

The information in the lists of Kentucky Military Units comes from the Civil War Soldiers and Sailors web site. This web site can also be searched by the name of a soldier.

Kentucky Union Units by Number or by Name

Union Units

1st-19th

20th-68th

A to Z

Kentucky Union Units by Type of Unit

Union Units

Infantry

Cavalry

Artillery

Colored Troops

Other

Kentucky Confederate Units by Number or by Name

Confederate Units

1st-14th

A-Z

Kentucky Confederate Units by Type of Unit

Confederate Units

Infantry

Cavalry

Artillery

Other

General Histories

Soldiers from Kentucky served in both the Union and Confederate armies. The state adopted a policy of neutrality until September 1861, when a pro-Union element gained control of the legislature. Though Kentucky never seceded from the Union, there was a sizable pro-Confederate element in the state. Indexes to the service records of Civil War Soldiers are at the FamilySearch Library and the National Archives. The service records are available at the National Archives in Washington, D.C.

Records and Resources

Union Records

Service Records

• 1861-1865 Kentucky Civil War Service Records of Confederate Soldiers, 1861-1865 at FamilySearch — index

• 1861-1865 Kentucky Civil War Service Records of Union Soldiers, 1861-1865 at FamilySearch — index

• Kentucky, Civil War Service Records of Union Soldiers, 1861-1865. Digital index-Free. Record Collection 1932398 Linked to the records on Fold3 described below.

• The Compiled Service Records ($) (Fold3.com) of volunteer Union soldiers who served in organizations from the state of Kentucky are available online. In the future, these records will be made available at no charge through the National Archives web site. The service records are also available at no charge at National Archives research rooms. The compiled service records consist of an envelope containing card abstracts taken from muster rolls, returns, pay vouchers, and other records. Service records may provide rank, unit, date of enlistment, length of service, age, place of birth, and date of death. For more information see Union Service Records.
  

• Kentucky, Civil War Service Records of Union Soldiers - FamilySearch Historical Records describes the collection with a link to the database.

• Thos. Speed, R.M. Kelly, Alfred Pirtle. The Union regiments of Kentucky. Louisville, Ky. : Courier-Journal Job Printing Co., 1897, reprint, Dayton, Ohio : Morningside House, ca. 1984 FS Library 976.9 M2st

Camp Nelson, Kentucky

• Richard D. Sears.Camp Nelson, Kentucky : a Civil War history.Lexington, Kentucky : University Press of Kentucky, 2002. FS Library 976.9483/C1 F2s
• Records of Death and Interment at Camp Nelson, Kentucky - 1864 - 1865 - National Archives Catalog
• Death and internment records, 1864-1865.
• Report of Captain E. B. W. Restieaux, Camp Nelson, Kentucky, September 30, 1865. NAID 167771387.
• Map of Camp Nelson, Kentucky showing the location of buildings. NAID 195990593
• Camp Nelson and its Defenses. NAID 152774733
• Press Copies of Letters Sent, 5/1864 - 7/1864. NAID 1593364
• Endorsements Sent, 11/1863 - 3/1864 NAID 5641556
• Telegrams Sent and Received, 6/1864 - 2/1865 NAID 5641557
• General Orders, 11/1863 - 5/1865. NAID 5641558
• Special Orders, 6/1865 - 4/1866. NAID 5641560
• Special Orders, 4/1866 - 4/1866. NAID 5641561
• Register of Rations Issued, 8/1864 - 8/1865. NAID 5641562
• General Orders Issued at the Camp of Rendezvous, 3/1865 - 7/1865. NAID 5641563

Pension Records

Civil War Pension Index Cards - An Index to Pension Applications of veterans who served in the US Army between 1861-1917 is available on FamilySearch. Each card gives the soldier’s name, application and certificate numbers, state of enlistment, and might include rank and death information. The majority of the records are of Civil War veterans, but the collection also includes records for veterans of the Spanish-American War, the Philippine Insurrection, the Indian Wars, and World War I. For more information see Union Pension Records.

Other Union Records

• Kentucky. Adjutant General. Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Kentucky, 1861–1866. 2vols. 1866–1867. Reprint, Utica, Kentucky.: McDowell Publications, 1984 FS Library films 1463599–600. This book contains background information on the war, brief information about each unit, and a list of soldiers by unit, with their rank and service dates. An index is included in the book but not in the film. These records contain the reports for troops serving with the Union.

An alphabetical list of officers with name, rank, regiment, residence and remarks on pages 906-961.

Lists of men buried at cemeteries arranged by cemetery on pages 972-980. Most entries give name, rank, company, regiment, and date of death.

• Kentucky. Adjutant-General’s Office. Report of the Adjutant General [1861–1865]. Bethesda, Maryland.: University Publications of America, 1990. FS Library fiche 6082379–80, FS Library fiche 6082382–84. This record contains reports and rosters of units from Kentucky, with the names of officers by unit. It also contains their residence and dates of commission.
• Speed, Thomas. The Union Regiments of Kentucky. 1897. Reprint, Dayton, Ohio: Morningside House, [ca. 1984]. FS Library film 1321096 item 6; book 976.9 M2st.This record includes a brief history of each unit and lists the names of all soldiers. The index lists only the names of the commissioned officers from Kentucky.
• United States. Record and Pension Office. Compiled Service Records of Volunteer Union Soldiers Who Served in Organizations From the State of Kentucky. National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0397. Washington, DC: National Archives, 1962. FS Library films 1487066–90057. These service records are arranged by company and regiment and then alphabetically by the name of the soldier. They include the soldier’s name, age, rank, service record, muster, enlistment, discharge and disability information, payment cards, and physical description.
• The Civil War Archive-Union Regimental Index [Internet site]. N.p., 1998 [cited 25 October 1999]. Available at www.civilwararchive.com/unionky.htm. This site includes histories and background information on Kentucky regiments.
• Wright, Steven L.Kentucky soldiers and their regiments in the Civil War : abstracted from the pages of contemporary Kentucky newspapers.(Utica, Kentucky : McDowell Publications, c2009) FS Library 976.9 M2ws vols. 1-5

For the 1890 census of Union veterans of the Civil War, see the "Census" section.

Confederate Records

Service Records

• Kentucky, Service Records of Confederate Soldiers of the Civil War 1861-1865. Digital index- Free Record Collection 1932371 Linked to images on Fold3 described below.

• Compiled Service Records ($) (Fold3.com) of Confederate soldiers who served in organizations from the state of Kentucky are available online. In the future, these records will be made available at no charge through the National Archives web site. The service records are also available at no charge at National Archives research rooms. The compiled service records consist of an envelope containing card abstracts taken from muster rolls, returns, pay vouchers, and other records. Service records may provide rank, unit, date of enlistment, length of service, age, place of birth, and date of death. For more information see Confederate Service Records.

Pension Records

• • 1912-1950 Kentucky Confederate Pension Applications, 1912-1950 at FamilySearch — index and images. Pension applications filed by surviving former Confederate soldiers or their widows who lived in Kentucky at the time of application. The law providing for pensions was enacted in 1912 by the Kentucky State Legislature.
• Department of Confederate Pensions (1912 - 1946)

A wiki arrticle describing an online collection is found at:

Kentucky Confederate Pension Applications - FamilySearch Historical Records

Confederate Prisoners of War

• United States, Records Of Confederate Prisoners Of War, 1861-1865 at Findmypast - Index

Other Confederate Records

• Kentucky. Division of Archives and Records Management. Index of Confederate Pension Applications. Commonwealth of Kentucky. Frankfort, Kentucky.: Archives Branch, Division of Archives and Records Management, Dept. of Library and Archives, 1981. FS Catalog book 976.9 M2k. This index is arranged alphabetically and lists the applicant’s name and county of residence at the time the application was made, the date the application was received in the Confederate pension office, and the application number. The listings for the widow’s applications provide maiden names if stated on the application. The veteran husband’s name is listed in parentheses.
• The Kentucky Historical Society produced a second index to Kentucky Confederate Pension Applications. Both the index and the pension applications are available at the FamilySearch Library. FS Library films 1670795 (first of 50 films). The pensions are organized by pension number.
• Kentucky. Adjutant General. Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Kentucky, Confederate Kentucky Volunteers, War 1861–1865. 191–?. Reprint, Utica, Kentucky.: McDowell Publishing, 1980. Vol. 1 on FS Library film 467975 item 3; Vol. 2 FS Catalog book 976.9 M2rc. The book contains brief histories of confederate units and includes a list of soldiers, with their rank and dates of service. There is an alphabetical list of commissioned officers on pg. 238 - 297. It is indexed. An index to the infantry soldiers in volume 1 is:
• Cook, Michael L. Index to "Report of the Adjutant General of the State of Kentucky." Utica, Kentucky.: McDowell Publishing, 1979. FS Catalog book 976.9 M2rca
• United States. Record and Pension Office. Compiled Service Records of Confederate Soldiers Who Served in Organizations from the State of Kentucky. National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0319. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1960. FS Library films 1447468–603. The compiled service records of Kentucky soldiers are arranged according to a complicated organizational breakdown, ending with either the regiment or independent battalion or company. Under each unit the service records are arranged alphabetically by soldiers’ surnames.
• "Kentucky in the Civil War-Confederate Files" in USGenWeb Project. Available at http://sites.rootsweb.com/~kymil/cw/cw-general.html This site contains rosters or histories of Confederate military units and includes links to pension records, veteran’s records, biographies of prominent leaders, and military organizations.

Unit Histories

An important inventory for finding Civil War military histories is:

• A Guide to the Microfiche Edition of Civil War Unit Histories: Regimental Histories and Personal Narratives. Part 1, Confederate States of America and Border States. Bethesda, Maryland.: University Publications of America, 1992. FS Catalog book 973 M2cwu pt. 1. Kentucky units are listed on pages 33 to 38. The library has the large microfiche collection described in this guide. Use the library catalog to find individual items. This may include correspondence, diaries, memoirs, and regimental histories published before 1920. The guide shows the unit name, counties where it was raised, author, title, publication information, number of pages, and source repository. This guide includes an author index and a major engagements index.

Contraband Camps

The web site Last Road to Freedom has information on America's Civil War contraband camps.

Civil War Contraband Camps in Kentucky were located in Columbus, Fort Donelson, Fort Heiman (Calloway County), Smithland, and Paducah

Grand Army of the Republic (GAR)

Grand Army of the Republic founded in 1866 - 1956, was the largest veteran’s organization in the country after the Civil War. It was a fraternal organization members were veterans of the Union Army, US Navy, Marines and Revenue Cutler Service who served in the American Civil War. The group supported voting rights for black veterans, and lobbied the U.S. Congress to establish veterans' pensions. In 1890 the membership was 490,000.

In 1888 there were 80 posts and 3,214 members in the state of Kentucky

GAR Posts in the State of Kentucky

Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War

With the death of the last member of the Grand Army of the Republic the Sons of Union Veterans of the Civil War was formed.

Sources

Preston, John David. Civil War Soldiers of Boyd County, Kentucky

Preston, John David. Civil War Soldiers of Letcher County, Kentucky

Preston, John David. Civil War Soldiers of Magoffin County, Kentucky

Preston, John David. Civil War Soldiers of Morgan County, Kentucky

Forts In Kentucky

• Fort Halleck, Kentucky

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