Israel Languages: Difference between revisions

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[[Category:Israel]]
[[Category:Israel]]
==Description==
The Israeli population is linguistically and culturally diverse.
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_language '''Hebrew'''] is the country's official language, and almost the entire population speaks it either as native speakers or proficiently as a second language. Its standard form, known as Modern Hebrew, is the main medium of life in Israel.
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic '''Arabic'''] is used mainly by Israel's Arab minority which comprises about one-fifth of the population. Arabic has a special status under Israeli law.
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_language '''Russian'''] is spoken by about 20% of the Israeli population, mainly by the large immigrant population from the former Soviet Union.
*'''English''' is a known foreign language by a significant proportion of the Israeli population as English is used widely in official logos and road signs alongside Hebrew and Arabic.
*In addition, the 19th edition of Ethnologue lists '''36 languages and dialects''' spoken through Israel.


==How to Read Hebrew Internet Pages==
According to a 2011 Government Social Survey of Israelis over 20 years of age report their native language as:
{{Block indent|*Hebrew 49%|2}}
{{Block indent|*Arabic 18%|2}}
{{Block indent|*Russian 15%|2}}
{{Block indent|*Yiddish 2%|2}}
{{Block indent|*French 2%|2}}
{{Block indent|*English 2%|2}}
{{Block indent|*1.6% Spanish|2}}
{{Block indent|*10% other languages (including Romanian, German and Amharic, which were not offered as answers by the survey). This study also noted that 90% of Israeli Jews and over 60% of Israeli Arabs have a good understanding of Hebrew. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Cyprus," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Israel, accessed 27 October 2021.</ref> |2}}


1. In Google Chrome, you will frequently be offered buttons at the top for translating to English.<br>
==Word List(s)==
2. For many browsers, you can right click for a drop-down menu that offers Translate to English as an option. For my Mac, it doesn't show on the first attempt, but does when I try a second time.<br>
'''Hebrew'''
3. Steve Morse offers a Hebrew translation tool, [http://stevemorse.org/hebrew/eng2heb.html '''Transliterating English to Hebrew in One Step'''].
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/hebrew.php Useful Hebrew phrases (Omniglot)]
*[https://www.teachmehebrew.com/500-basic-hebrew-words.html 500 Basic Hebrew Words (Teach Me Hebrew)]
 
'''Arabic'''
*[[Arabic Genealogical Word List]]
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/arabic.php Useful Arabic phrases (Omniglot)]
 
'''Russian'''
*[[Russian Genealogical Word List]]
*[https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/russian.php Useful Russian phrases (Omniglot)]
 
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
'''Hebrew'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_language#Phonology Hebrew phonology (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hebrew_alphabet Hebrew alphabet (Wikipedia)]
*[https://omniglot.com/writing/hebrew.htm Hebrew Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
 
'''Arabic'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_phonology Arabic phonology (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_alphabet Arabic alphabet (Wikipedia)]
*[https://omniglot.com/writing/arabic.htm Arabic Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
 
'''Russian'''
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_phonology Russian phonology (Wikipedia)]
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_alphabet Russian alphabet (Wikipedia)]
*[https://omniglot.com/writing/russian.htm Russian Alphabet and Pronunciation (Omniglot)]
 
==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
'''Hebrew'''
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/hebrew_dictionary.htm Modern Hebrew dictionary (Lexilogos)]
*[https://glosbe.com/en/he English to Hebrew Dictionary (Glosbe)]
*[https://www.duolingo.com/course/he/en/Learn-Hebrew Learn Hebrew (duolingo)]
*[http://mylanguages.org/learn_hebrew.php Learn Hebrew (MyLanguages)]
 
'''Arabic'''
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/arabic_dictionary.htm Arabic dictionary (Lexilogos)]
*[https://en.glosbe.com/en/ar English to Arabic Dictionary (Glosbe)]
*[https://www.duolingo.com/course/ar/en/Learn-Arabic Learn Arabic (duolingo)]
*[https://www.arabicpod101.com/ Learn Arabic (ArabicPod101)]
 
'''Russian'''
*[[Russian Letter Writing Guide]]
*[https://www.lexilogos.com/english/russian_dictionary.htm Russian dictionary (Lexilogos)]
*[https://glosbe.com/en/ru English to Russian Dictionary (Glosbe)]
*[https://www.duolingo.com/course/ru/en/Learn-Russian Learn Russian (duolingo)]
*[https://www.babbel.com/learn-russian Learn Russian (Babbel)]
 
==Additional Resources==
* Naor, Menahem. ''Hebrew language and grammar : a practical textbook.'' Jerusalem: R. Mass, 1949. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/11922466 WorldCat].
* Wood, Charles Travers, Henry Craven Ord Lanchester, and R H Kennett. ''A Hebrew grammar.'' n.p.: CPSIA, 2016. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/964546166 WorldCat].
*[https://www.britannica.com/place/Israel Israel (Britannica)]
*[https://wikitravel.org/en/Israel Israel (Wikitravel)]
 
== References  ==
 
{{reflist}}

Latest revision as of 16:18, 19 August 2025

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Description[edit | edit source]

The Israeli population is linguistically and culturally diverse.

  • Hebrew is the country's official language, and almost the entire population speaks it either as native speakers or proficiently as a second language. Its standard form, known as Modern Hebrew, is the main medium of life in Israel.
  • Arabic is used mainly by Israel's Arab minority which comprises about one-fifth of the population. Arabic has a special status under Israeli law.
  • Russian is spoken by about 20% of the Israeli population, mainly by the large immigrant population from the former Soviet Union.
  • English is a known foreign language by a significant proportion of the Israeli population as English is used widely in official logos and road signs alongside Hebrew and Arabic.
  • In addition, the 19th edition of Ethnologue lists 36 languages and dialects spoken through Israel.

According to a 2011 Government Social Survey of Israelis over 20 years of age report their native language as:

*Hebrew 49%
*Arabic 18%
*Russian 15%
*Yiddish 2%
*French 2%
*English 2%
*1.6% Spanish
*10% other languages (including Romanian, German and Amharic, which were not offered as answers by the survey). This study also noted that 90% of Israeli Jews and over 60% of Israeli Arabs have a good understanding of Hebrew. [1]

Word List(s)[edit | edit source]

Hebrew

Arabic

Russian

Alphabet and Pronunciation[edit | edit source]

Hebrew

Arabic

Russian

Language Aids and Dictionaries[edit | edit source]

Hebrew

Arabic

Russian

Additional Resources[edit | edit source]

  • Naor, Menahem. Hebrew language and grammar : a practical textbook. Jerusalem: R. Mass, 1949. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Wood, Charles Travers, Henry Craven Ord Lanchester, and R H Kennett. A Hebrew grammar. n.p.: CPSIA, 2016. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Israel (Britannica)
  • Israel (Wikitravel)

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Cyprus," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Languages_of_Israel, accessed 27 October 2021.
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