Michigan Census: Difference between revisions

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=== Federal Censuses ===
{{MI-sidebar}}{{breadcrumb
| link1=[[United States Genealogy|United States]]
| link2=[[United States Census|U.S. Census]]
| link3=[[Michigan, United States Genealogy|Michigan]]
| link4=
| link5=[[Michigan Census|Census]]
}}


'''Population Schedules'''. Most federal census records are at the Family History Library, the National Archives and its branches, the Burton Historical Collection, and the Library of Michigan. The [http://www.familysearchwiki.org/resolveuid/5b064d1a23681998ba8ead6420975101 United States Research Outline] provides more detailed information on these records.
==Online Federal Censuses==
===Population Schedules===
Starting in 1790, federal population schedules were taken every 10 years in the United States. [[United States Census|'''Click here for more information''']] about federal census records. <br><br>
Michigan became the 26th state admitted to the Union on January 26, 1837. It first appears on the 1800 federal census as Michigan Territory.


The Family History Library has the U.S. federal censuses of Michigan for 1820, 1830, 1840, 1850, 1860, 1870, 1880, 1900, 1910, 1920, and 1930. The 1810 census was destroyed except for fragments for Detroit and Michilimackinac. The 1890 census was also destroyed, but the 1890 list of Union veterans still exists and has been indexed.
======United States Federal Censuses with Online Links======
{| class="wikitable" width= "70%" style="display: inline-table;"
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1790|1790]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1800|1800]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1810|1810]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1820|1820]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1830|1830]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| [[United States Census 1840|1840]]
|-
|Michigan not enumerated.
|{{RecordSearch|1804228|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7590/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1803765|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7613/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1803955|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7734/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1803958|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8058/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1786457|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8057/ Ancestry.com]
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1850|1850]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1860|1860]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1870|1870]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1880|1880]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1890|1890]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1900|1900]]
|-
|{{RecordSearch|1401638|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8054/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1473181|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7667/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1438024|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7163/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1417683|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6742/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1610551|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/5445/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1325221|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7602/ Ancestry.com]
|-
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1910|1910]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1920|1920]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1930|1930]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1940|1940]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1950|1950]]
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|[[United States Census 1960|1960]]
|-
|{{RecordSearch|1727033|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7884/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1488411|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6061/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|1810731|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6224/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|2000219|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2442/ Ancestry.com]
|{{RecordSearch|4464515|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2442/ Ancestry.com]<br> [https://1950census.archives.gov/search/ NARA] 
|Release Date <br> April 1, 2032
|-
|}


Statewide indexes are at the Family History Library for the 1820, 1830, 1840, 1850, 1860, and 1870 censuses, in book or microfiche format. The 1880 census has a partial soundex (phonetic index) on microfilm. It only lists families with children under age ten. The 1900, 1910, 1920 and 1930 censuses have complete soundex indexes on microfilm.
===Non-Population Schedules for Michigan===
Federal non-population schedules included such things mortality schedules, agriculture schedules, slave schedules, and manufacturing schedules.
{| class="wikitable" width= flexible style="display: inline-table;"
|-
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Year
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Type of Census
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;"| Links
|-
|1890
|Veterans
|{{RecordSearch|1877095|FamilySearch}}, [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8667/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1880
|Defective
|[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1634/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1880
|Mortality
|{{RecordSearch|2632078|FamilySearch}}, [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1880
|Industry
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1880
|Agriculture
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1870
|Social Statistics
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1870
|Mortality
|{{RecordSearch|2632078|FamilySearch}}, [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1870
|Industry
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1870
|Agriculture
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1860
|Mortality
|{{RecordSearch|2632078|FamilySearch}}, [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1860
|Industry
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1860
|Agriculture
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1850
|Mortality
|{{RecordSearch|2632078|FamilySearch}}, [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/3530/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1850
|Industry
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1850
|Agriculture
|[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/2301280?availability=Family%20History%20Library FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/1276/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1840
|Pensioner
|[https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/viewer/857237/?offset=0#page=418&viewer=picture&o=&n=0&q= FamilySearch], [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7678/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|}


County-wide indexes sometimes help you locate names overlooked in statewide indexes. Dozens of county-wide indexes for various years are identified in:
===Existing and Lost Censuses===
*[[Michigan Censuses Existing and Lost|List of existing and lost federal censuses for Michigan]]


Callard, Carole, ed. ''Sourcebook of Michigan Census, County Histories, and Vital Records''. Lansing, Michigan: Library of Michigan, 1986. (FHL book 977.4 A3sm; fiche 6101261.)
==Online State and Territorial Censuses==
State censuses are census records that were taken at the state-level rather than at the federal. Often, but not always, a state took their census in ten year increments 5 years from when the Federal Census was taken, such as 1885. State censuses can even serve as substitutes for missing federal censuses. For more information on state censuses, visit [https://www.census.gov/history/www/genealogy/other_resources/state_censuses.html United States Census Bureau].<br><br>
Territorial censuses were taken by the federal government to count the population in federal territories. The government needed to count the population in the territory to see if it could qualify for statehood. For more information on territorial censuses, visit the [[United States Census Territorial|US Territorial Census page]].<br><br>
{| class="wikitable" width= flexible="display: inline-table;"
|-
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Year
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;" | Type of Census
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:flexible;"| Links
|-
|1904
|State, statistical only
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/18559/ Ancestry.com] ($)
|-
|1894
|State (select counties), household members
|at [https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/1825187 FamilySearch]
at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7307/ Ancestry.com] ($)
at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1884
|State, household members
|at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/18557/ Ancestry.com]- statistical only ($)
at [https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/michigan-state-census-1884-published-1886 Findmypast] - statistical only ($)
at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1874
|State, males over 21
|at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1864
|State, males over 21
|at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1854
|State, males over 21
|at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1845
|State, males over 21
|at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1845
|State, males over 21
|at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1834
|Territorial, head of household
|at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1834
|Territorial, head of household
|at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|1827
|Territorial, (Washtenaw County), head of household
|at [https://michiganology.org/index.php?name=SO_582893d9-fe09-4945-8f2a-230f8d7d3a7f Michiganology]
|-
|}


Many countywide indexes are listed in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under MICHIGAN, [COUNTY] - CENSUS.
==Why Use the Census?==
State census records can be one of the easiest ways to locate where an ancestor's family lived and when they lived there. Information varies based on year and location, but information that may be included in a census can include:
*Name of each person in the family at the time the census was taken
*Street or Avenue, or number Rural Free Delivery
*Sex
*Age
*Color
*Nativity
*Place of birth of this person
*Place of birth of Father of this person
*Place of birth of Mother of this person
*Period of Residence
*How long a resident of this State (years and months)
*How long a resident of this enumeration district (years and months)
*Regular occupation
*Military service


When indexes are not available or omit a name, you can still look for the name in the census.
'''A wiki article describing an online collection is found at:'''


If your ancestor lived in a large city:
[[Michigan 1894 State Census - FamilySearch Historical Records|Michigan 1894 Census - FamilySearch Historical Records]]


* Find your ancestor's address. Look in a city directory for the same year as the census (see the "[[Michigan Directories|Directories]]" section).
{{Template:Pros-MI}}
* Find the enumeration district for that address. (Citites were divided into enumeration districts. Before 1880, the divisions were called wards.
* Find the enumeration district on the census microfilm (look in the upper right corner of the census page).
* Look for your ancestor in the enumeration district.
* If you cannot find the ward or enumeration district, you may still search the census for that city line by line, but it is time-consuming.


In smaller towns or rural areas:


* Find the town or, for rural areas, a nearby town on the census. (Look in the upper-left corner of the census page.)
{{Michigan|Michigan}} {{USCensus}}
* Look for your ancestor in that town.


The following reference tools may help you find the enumeration district for a specific address:
[[Category:Michigan Census Records|Census]]
 
Kirkham, E. Kay. ''A Handy Guide to Record- Searching in the Larger Cities of the United States''. Logan, Utah: Everton, 1974. (FHL book 973 D27kc; fiche 6020059–60.) Includes ward map and street index for Detroit in 1878.
 
United States. Census Office. ''Census Descriptions of Geographic Subdivisions and Enumerations Districts, T1224 and T1210''. Contains the items below:
 
* 1830 FHL 1402857 item 1
* 1840 FHL 1402857 item 2
* 1850 FHL 1402858 item 1
* 1860 FHL 1402858 item 2
* 1870 FHL 1402859
* 1880 FHL 1402861
* 1900 FHL 1303023
* 1910 FHL 1374005
* 1920 FHL 1842709
 
United States. Bureau of the Census. ''Cross Index to Selected City Streets and Enumeration Districts, 1910 Census, M1283''. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, [1984]. (51 FHL fiche 6331481.) Lists street addresses for Detroit on fiche 17. Lists street addresses with corresponding enumeration districts for Grand Rapids on fiche 20.
 
'''Mortality Schedules'''. Mortality schedules (lists of deaths in the year before the census) exist for 1850, 1860, 1870, and 1880. The schedules are available at the National Archives, the Library of Michigan, and the Michigan State Archives. The Family History Library has the 1850 schedule and index and the 1860, 1870, and 1880 schedules. Mortality schedules were also taken as part of the 1884 and 1894 state censuses.
 
'''Master Indexes'''. Some of the indexes mentioned above are combined into one master index. The following master indexes cover several census years, states, and census types:
 
FamilyFinder™ Index and Viewer: Version 3.0. Orem, Utah: Brøderbund Software, 1995. (FHL compact disc no. 9 1995 index. Not available at Family History Centers. FamilyFinder is a trademark of Brøderbund Software, Inc.) A master index to the Michigan 1810 to 1850 federal censuses, 1850 mortality schedule, 1827 and 1837 territorial censuses, and miscellaneous small lists of petitioners and residents from 1769-1836.
 
Jackson, Ronald Vern. ''AIS Microfiche Indexes of U.S. Census and Other Records''. Bountiful, Utah: Accelerated Indexing Systems International, 1984. (No FHL fiche number but available at many Family History Centers.) Several Michigan small lists of petitioners and residents 1769–1819 are combined on Search 1. Territorial and federal censuses are on Search 2 (1820 and 1827) and Search 3 (1830 and 1837). Other Michigan federal censuses are on Searches 4, 7, and 8. Michigan 1840, 1850, and 1880 mortality indexes are on other searches.
 
=== Territorial and State Censuses ===
 
More than 20 early territorial censuses were taken in various areas of Michigan. Historical background and the names found in the early lists are given in:
 
Russell, Donna Valley. ''Michigan Censuses, 1710–1830''. Detroit, Michigan: Detroit Society for Genealogical Research, 1982. (FHL book 977.4 X2r.)
 
Other territorial and state enumerations were made in the years 1827, 1834, 1837, 1845, 1854, 1864, 1874, 1884, 1894, and 1904. Indexes for the 1827, 1837, and 1845 territorial and state censuses have been published. The original schedules are housed in many different local repositories. The schedules of many counties are missing. The most complete collections are for the 1884 and 1894 censuses, which include detailed information on each family member. To see which territorial or state censuses are available at the Family History Library, look in the Place Search of the Family History Library Catalog under MICHIGAN - CENSUS - [YEAR] or in:
 
Buckway, G. Eileen. ''U.S. State and Special Census Register''. Salt Lake City, Utah: Family History Library, The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1992. (FHL book 973 X2be; fiche 6104851-52.)
 
More detailed information on Michigan census records is in "Michigan Census Schedules and Records," printed in the Summer-Fall 1978 issue of Family Trails (see the "[[Michigan Periodicals|Periodicals]]" section).
 
=== Web Sites ===
 
http://www.archives.gov/
 
http://www.michigan.gov/hal/0,1607,7-160-17445_19270---,00.html
 
http://www.sos.state.mi.us/history/archive/archive.html
 
[http://www.ancestry.com/ http://www.ancestry.com/<br />]

Latest revision as of 17:23, 10 November 2023

Michigan Wiki Topics
Michigan flag.png
Beginning Research
Record Types
Michigan Background
Cultural Groups
Local Research Resources
Moderator
The FamilySearch moderator for Michigan is Sallyrose1.

Online Federal Censuses

Population Schedules

Starting in 1790, federal population schedules were taken every 10 years in the United States. Click here for more information about federal census records.

Michigan became the 26th state admitted to the Union on January 26, 1837. It first appears on the 1800 federal census as Michigan Territory.

United States Federal Censuses with Online Links
1790 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840
Michigan not enumerated. FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
FamilySearch
Ancestry.com
NARA
Release Date
April 1, 2032

Non-Population Schedules for Michigan

Federal non-population schedules included such things mortality schedules, agriculture schedules, slave schedules, and manufacturing schedules.

Year Type of Census Links
1890 Veterans FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1880 Defective Ancestry.com ($)
1880 Mortality FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1880 Industry FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1880 Agriculture FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1870 Social Statistics FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1870 Mortality FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1870 Industry FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1870 Agriculture FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1860 Mortality FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1860 Industry FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1860 Agriculture FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1850 Mortality FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1850 Industry FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1850 Agriculture FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)
1840 Pensioner FamilySearch, Ancestry.com ($)

Existing and Lost Censuses

Online State and Territorial Censuses

State censuses are census records that were taken at the state-level rather than at the federal. Often, but not always, a state took their census in ten year increments 5 years from when the Federal Census was taken, such as 1885. State censuses can even serve as substitutes for missing federal censuses. For more information on state censuses, visit United States Census Bureau.

Territorial censuses were taken by the federal government to count the population in federal territories. The government needed to count the population in the territory to see if it could qualify for statehood. For more information on territorial censuses, visit the US Territorial Census page.

Year Type of Census Links
1904 State, statistical only at Ancestry.com ($)
1894 State (select counties), household members at FamilySearch

at Ancestry.com ($) at Michiganology

1884 State, household members at Ancestry.com- statistical only ($)

at Findmypast - statistical only ($) at Michiganology

1874 State, males over 21 at Michiganology
1864 State, males over 21 at Michiganology
1854 State, males over 21 at Michiganology
1845 State, males over 21 at Michiganology
1845 State, males over 21 at Michiganology
1834 Territorial, head of household at Michiganology
1834 Territorial, head of household at Michiganology
1827 Territorial, (Washtenaw County), head of household at Michiganology

Why Use the Census?

State census records can be one of the easiest ways to locate where an ancestor's family lived and when they lived there. Information varies based on year and location, but information that may be included in a census can include:

  • Name of each person in the family at the time the census was taken
  • Street or Avenue, or number Rural Free Delivery
  • Sex
  • Age
  • Color
  • Nativity
  • Place of birth of this person
  • Place of birth of Father of this person
  • Place of birth of Mother of this person
  • Period of Residence
  • How long a resident of this State (years and months)
  • How long a resident of this enumeration district (years and months)
  • Regular occupation
  • Military service

A wiki article describing an online collection is found at:

Michigan 1894 Census - FamilySearch Historical Records