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Lebanon Languages: Difference between revisions

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==Description==
Arabic is the official national language. The majority of Lebanese people speak '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanese_Arabic Lebanese Arabic]'''.<br>
A law determines the cases in which the '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_language French language]''' is to be used. There is a significant presence of French. Almost 40% of Lebanese are considered francophone.<br>
The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic, while '''[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Standard_Arabic Modern Standard Arabic]''' is mostly used in magazines, newspapers, and formal broadcast media. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Lebanon," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon#Language, accessed 5 Feb 2022.</ref>
==Word List(s)==
* [[French Genealogical Word List]]
* [[Arabic Genealogical Word List]]
* [https://wikitravel.org/en/Lebanese_Arabic_phrasebook Lebanese Arabic phrasebook] - Wikitravel
* [http://www.lebaneselanguage.org/grammar/phrases/common-lebanese-terms-and-phrases/ Common Lebanese Terms and Phrases] - Lebanese Language Institute
* [https://omniglot.com/language/phrases/arabic_lebanese.php Useful phrases in Arabic Lebanese] - Omniglot
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modern_Standard_Arabic#:~:text=Common%20phrases Modern_Standard_Arabic Common phrases] - Wikipedia
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
'''Alphabet'''
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanese_Arabic#:~:text=Phonology Lebanese Arabic Consonants & Vowels] - Wikipedia
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/lebanese.htm#:~:text=Lebanese%20Arabic%20online%20alphabet Lebanese Arabic online alphabet] - Omniglot
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/lebanese.htm#:~:text=Vowels Lebanese Arabic Vowels] - Omniglot
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_phonology Modern Standard Arabic Alphabet] - Wikipedia
'''Pronunciation'''
* [https://omniglot.com/writing/lebanese.htm#:~:text=Pronunciation%20of%20Lebanese%20Arabic Pronunciation of Lebanese Arabic] - Omniglot
* [https://wikitravel.org/en/Arabic_phrasebook#:~:text=Pronunciation%20guide Arabic Pronunciation guide] - WikiTravel
==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
'''Dictionaries'''
* Arts, Tressy. ''Oxford Arabic dictionary : Arabic-English · English-Arabic.'' Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/881018992 WorldCat].
* Cousin, Pierre-Henri. ''Collins French dictionary.'' Glasgow [Scotland], Great Britain: HarperCollins Publishers, 2012. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/941857406 WorldCat].
'''Online Dictionaries'''
* [https://www.lexilogos.com/english/arabic_dictionary.htm Arabic dictionary] - Lexilogos
* [https://glosbe.com/ar/en Dictionary Arabic - English] - Glosbe
* [https://www.arabicwords.site/ Lebanese Arabic Dictionary] - Arabic Words
'''Language Aids'''
* Ryding, Karin C. ''A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic.'' Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/967398842 WorldCat].
* Alhawary, Mohammad T. ''Modern Standard Arabic Grammar.'' Somerset: Wiley, 2011. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/1027147213 WorldCat].
* Bucher, Urs. ''Vocabulary of modern standard Arabic.'' Grossdietwil: Tobun, 1984. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/249687643 WorldCat].
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar Arabic grammar] - Wikipedia
==Additional Resources==
== References  ==
{{reflist}}
Article 11 of Lebanon's Constitution states that "Arabic is the official national language. A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used".The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic, while Modern Standard Arabic is mostly used in magazines, newspapers, and formal broadcast media. Lebanese Sign Language is the language of the deaf community. Almost 40% of Lebanese are considered francophone, and another 15% "partial francophone," and 70% of Lebanon's secondary schools use French as a second language of instruction. By comparison, English is used as a secondary language in 30% of Lebanon's secondary schools.The use of French is a legacy of France's historic ties to the region, including its League of Nations mandate over Lebanon following World War I; as of 2004, some 20% of the population used French on a daily basis.The use of Arabic by Lebanon's educated youth is declining, as they usually prefer to speak in French and, to a lesser extent, English, which are seen as 'hipper'.
Article 11 of Lebanon's Constitution states that "Arabic is the official national language. A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used".The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic, while Modern Standard Arabic is mostly used in magazines, newspapers, and formal broadcast media. Lebanese Sign Language is the language of the deaf community. Almost 40% of Lebanese are considered francophone, and another 15% "partial francophone," and 70% of Lebanon's secondary schools use French as a second language of instruction. By comparison, English is used as a secondary language in 30% of Lebanon's secondary schools.The use of French is a legacy of France's historic ties to the region, including its League of Nations mandate over Lebanon following World War I; as of 2004, some 20% of the population used French on a daily basis.The use of Arabic by Lebanon's educated youth is declining, as they usually prefer to speak in French and, to a lesser extent, English, which are seen as 'hipper'.
English is increasingly used in science and business interaction. As of 2007 the presence of English in Lebanon has increased. Lebanese citizens of Armenian, Greek, or Kurdish descent often speak Armenian, Greek, or Kurdish with varying degrees of fluency. As of 2009, there were around 150,000 Armenians in Lebanon, or around 5% of the population.
English is increasingly used in science and business interaction. As of 2007 the presence of English in Lebanon has increased. Lebanese citizens of Armenian, Greek, or Kurdish descent often speak Armenian, Greek, or Kurdish with varying degrees of fluency. As of 2009, there were around 150,000 Armenians in Lebanon, or around 5% of the population. (Wikipedia)
 
For word lists and help researching in Lebanon records, see:
*[[Arabic Genealogical Word List]]
*[[French Genealogical Word List]]
 
[[Category:Lebanon]]

Latest revision as of 12:08, 20 March 2024


Lebanon Wiki Topics
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Description

Arabic is the official national language. The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic.
A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used. There is a significant presence of French. Almost 40% of Lebanese are considered francophone.
The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic, while Modern Standard Arabic is mostly used in magazines, newspapers, and formal broadcast media. [1]

Word List(s)

Alphabet and Pronunciation

Alphabet

Pronunciation

Language Aids and Dictionaries

Dictionaries

  • Arts, Tressy. Oxford Arabic dictionary : Arabic-English · English-Arabic. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Cousin, Pierre-Henri. Collins French dictionary. Glasgow [Scotland], Great Britain: HarperCollins Publishers, 2012. Available at: WorldCat.

Online Dictionaries

Language Aids

  • Ryding, Karin C. A reference grammar of modern standard Arabic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Alhawary, Mohammad T. Modern Standard Arabic Grammar. Somerset: Wiley, 2011. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Bucher, Urs. Vocabulary of modern standard Arabic. Grossdietwil: Tobun, 1984. Available at: WorldCat.
  • Arabic grammar - Wikipedia

Additional Resources

References

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Lebanon," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanon#Language, accessed 5 Feb 2022.



Article 11 of Lebanon's Constitution states that "Arabic is the official national language. A law determines the cases in which the French language is to be used".The majority of Lebanese people speak Lebanese Arabic, while Modern Standard Arabic is mostly used in magazines, newspapers, and formal broadcast media. Lebanese Sign Language is the language of the deaf community. Almost 40% of Lebanese are considered francophone, and another 15% "partial francophone," and 70% of Lebanon's secondary schools use French as a second language of instruction. By comparison, English is used as a secondary language in 30% of Lebanon's secondary schools.The use of French is a legacy of France's historic ties to the region, including its League of Nations mandate over Lebanon following World War I; as of 2004, some 20% of the population used French on a daily basis.The use of Arabic by Lebanon's educated youth is declining, as they usually prefer to speak in French and, to a lesser extent, English, which are seen as 'hipper'. English is increasingly used in science and business interaction. As of 2007 the presence of English in Lebanon has increased. Lebanese citizens of Armenian, Greek, or Kurdish descent often speak Armenian, Greek, or Kurdish with varying degrees of fluency. As of 2009, there were around 150,000 Armenians in Lebanon, or around 5% of the population. (Wikipedia)

For word lists and help researching in Lebanon records, see:

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