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==Online Resources== | |||
*[http://britishsurnames.co.uk/ British Surnames] Research the origins and distribution of your surname. | |||
*[https://www.surnamemap.eu/unitedkingdom/index.php UK Surname Distribution Map] | |||
*[https://forebears.io/surnames Forbears Surname Distribution] | |||
*[https://named.publicprofiler.org/ Names, Public Profiler, Surname Distribution Map] | |||
*[https://your-family-history.com/ Your Family History, Surname Distribution Map] | |||
*[https://archive.org/details/recordinterprete00martiala/page/320/mode/2up Latin Forms of English Surnames] Many names in pre-1700 records are in Latin. | |||
==Online | *[[England Latin Versions of Given Names - International Institute|England Latin Versions of Given Names - International Institute]] | ||
*[http://britishsurnames.co.uk/ | *[https://archive.org/details/recordinterprete00martiala/page/334/mode/2up Latin Christian Names with Their English Equivalents] Many names in pre-1700 records are in Latin. | ||
*[https://www.surnamemap.eu/unitedkingdom/index.php | *[[England Male Nicknames - International Institute|England Male Nicknames - International Institute]] | ||
*[https://forebears.io/surnames | *[[England Female Nicknames - International Institute|England Female Nicknames - International Institute]] | ||
*[https://named.publicprofiler.org/ | *[[English Phonetic surname Aliases 1750 to 1800|English Phonetic surname Aliases 1750 to 1800]] | ||
*[https://your-family-history.com/ | *[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/english Behind the Name: English Surnames] | ||
*[https://archive.org/details/recordinterprete00martiala/page/320/mode/2up | *[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/english Behind the Name: English Given Names] | ||
*[[England Latin Versions of Given Names - International Institute| | |||
*[https://archive.org/details/recordinterprete00martiala/page/334/mode/2up | |||
*[[England Male Nicknames - International Institute| | |||
*[[England Female Nicknames - International Institute| | |||
*[[English Phonetic surname Aliases 1750 to 1800| | |||
*[https://surnames.behindthename.com/names/usage/english | |||
*[https://www.behindthename.com/names/usage/english | |||
== Surnames == | == Surnames == | ||
===Patronymic Surnames=== | ===Patronymic Surnames=== | ||
*A patronymic surname is a surname originated from the given name of the father. | |||
<br> | <br> | ||
Patronymic names changed with each generation. A patronymic surname is derived from the personal name (occasionally the occupation) of a person’s father, or sometimes mother or other relative. A typical English patronymic is Johnson (John’s son) which can be shortened with the genitive ‘s’ to Johns. The -son form was more common in northern England. The -s form was preferred in south and central England, hence the proximity of Wales to these areas influenced the type of many Welsh patronymics. For a more detailed look at English patronymics, see [[England Patronymic Surnames - International Institute|England Patronymic Surnames - International Institute.]] | |||
Patronymic names changed with each generation. A patronymic surname is derived from the personal name (occasionally the occupation) of a person’s father, or sometimes mother or other relative. A typical English patronymic is Johnson (John’s son) which can be shortened with the genitive ‘s’ to Johns. The -son form was more common in northern England. The -s form was preferred in south and central England, hence the proximity of Wales to these areas influenced the type of many Welsh patronymics. For a more detailed look at English patronymics, see [[England Patronymic Surnames - International Institute| | |||
===Surname Spelling Variations=== | ===Surname Spelling Variations=== | ||
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===Naming Pattern=== | ===Naming Pattern=== | ||
The most common convention was for the parents to choose names that honored people. Sometimes the people so honored were powerful people, such as a local, wealthy landowner. Sometimes the names honored royalty. So there were many Henrys named after King Henry and many Georges named after King George. The most common persons to honor, however, were the gender appropriate grandparents and parents. There was even a convention in the order in which the ancestors were honored – probably to avoid insulting anyone. Although it was far from universally used, the '''usual British naming convention was as follows''': | Understanding customs used in English names can help you identify your ancestors in records. The most common convention was for the parents to choose names that honored people. Sometimes the people so honored were powerful people, such as a local, wealthy landowner. Sometimes the names honored royalty. So there were many Henrys named after King Henry and many Georges named after King George. The most common persons to honor, however, were the gender appropriate grandparents and parents. There was even a convention in the order in which the ancestors were honored – probably to avoid insulting anyone. Although it was far from universally used, the '''usual British naming convention was as follows''': | ||
• The first son was named after the paternal grandfather<br>• The second son was named after the maternal grandfather<br>• The third son was named after the father<br>• The fourth son was named after the oldest paternal uncle<br>• The fifth was named after the second oldest paternal uncle or the oldest maternal uncle | • The first son was named after the paternal grandfather<br>• The second son was named after the maternal grandfather<br>• The third son was named after the father<br>• The fourth son was named after the oldest paternal uncle<br>• The fifth was named after the second oldest paternal uncle or the oldest maternal uncle | ||
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===FamilySearch=== | ===FamilySearch=== | ||
*More such books are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | *More such books are listed in the '''FamilySearch Catalog:''' | ||
**{{FSC| | **{{FSC|England - Names, Personal|subject|subject-id=480413264|disp= England - Names, Personal}} | ||
**{{FSC| | **{{FSC|England - Names, Personal - Bibliography|subject|subject-id=1029885851|disp= England - Names, Personal - Bibliography}} | ||
**{{FSC| | **{{FSC|England - Names, Personal - Dictionaries|subject|subject-id=1937203383|disp= England - Names, Personal - Dictionaries}} | ||
**{{FSC| | **{{FSC|England - Names, Personal - Directories|subject|subject-id=1757605480|disp= England - Names, Personal - Directories}} | ||
**{{FSC| | **{{FSC|England - Names, Personal - Handbooks, manuals, etc.|subject|subject-id=1769504463|disp= England - Names, Personal - Handbooks, manuals, etc.}} | ||
**{{FSC| | **{{FSC|England - Names, Personal - History|subject|subject-id=1493261903|disp= England - Names, Personal - History}} | ||
**{{FSC| | **{{FSC|England - Names, Personal - Indexes|subject|subject-id=476903907|disp= England - Names, Personal - Indexes}} | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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