Dominica Languages: Difference between revisions

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{{CountrySidebar
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|Topic Type=Background
|Background=Languages
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==Description==
==Description==
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Along with Creole, a dialect known as '''Kokoy (or Cockoy)''' is spoken. It is a type of pidgin English which is a mix of Leeward Island English Creole and Dominican Creole, and is mainly spoken in the north-eastern villages of Marigot and Wesley. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Dominica," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominica#Languages, accessed 22 March 2021.</ref>
Along with Creole, a dialect known as '''Kokoy (or Cockoy)''' is spoken. It is a type of pidgin English which is a mix of Leeward Island English Creole and Dominican Creole, and is mainly spoken in the north-eastern villages of Marigot and Wesley. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Dominica," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominica#Languages, accessed 22 March 2021.</ref>


'''Kwéyòl''' , known locally as '''Patwa''', is a sub-variety of Antillean Creole, and like other varieties spoken in the Caribbean, it combines the syntax of African language origins and a vocabulary primarily derived from French. <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Saint Lucian Creole," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Lucian_Creole, accessed 22 March 2021.</ref>
==Word List(s)==


==Word List(s)==
* [https://www.avirtualdominica.com/project/creole-kweyol-language/ Kweyol Language - words and phrases]
* [https://quizlet.com/254602649/saint-lucia-kweyol-misc-phrases-flash-cards/ Kweyol Language - flashcards]
* [http://www.dominica-weekly.com/learn-speak-dominica-kweyol-language/ Dominican Creole Simple Phrases] (Dominica Weekly)


==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
==Alphabet and Pronunciation==
'''Alphabet''' <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Dominican Creole French," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Creole_French#Kwéyòl alphabet, accessed 22 March 2021.</ref>
{| class="wikitable centre"
{| class="wikitable centre"
!Créole
!Créole
Line 35: Line 23:
Transcription
Transcription
<br />
<br />
!Standard pronunciation
!Standard pronunciation <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Dominican Creole French," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Creole_French#Kwéyòl alphabet, accessed 22 March 2021.</ref>
|-
|-
|g
|g
Line 102: Line 90:
|-  
|-  
|enn
|enn
|  
|&nbsp;
|Pronounced as in Gard<u>en</u>
|Pronounced as in Gard<u>en</u>
|-
|-
Line 114: Line 102:
|-
|-
|onn
|onn
|ɔ̃n  
|ɔ̃n&nbsp;
|Nasal sound + N.
|Nasal sound + N.
|-  
|-  
Line 169: Line 157:
|Pronounced as in <u>W</u>ater
|Pronounced as in <u>W</u>ater
|}
|}
<br><br>
'''Numbers''' <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Dominican Creole French," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Creole_French#Numbers, accessed 22 March 2021.</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!
!
!
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
|0
|Nòt/Zéwo
|-
|1
|yon
|-
|2
|dé
|-
|3
|twa
|-
|4
|kat
|-
|5
|senk
|-
|6
|Sis
|-
|7
|sèt
|-
|8
|wit
|-
|9
|nèf
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|10
|dis
|-
|11
|wonz
|-
|12
|douz
|-
|13
|twèz
|-
|14
|katòz
|-
|15
|Kinz\tjenz
|-
|16
|Sèz
|-
|17
|disèt
|-
|18
|dizwit
|-
|19
|diznèf
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|20
|ven
|-
|21
|ventéyon
|-
|22
|venndé
|-
|23
|venntwa
|-
|24
|vennkat
|-
|25
|vennsenk
|-
|26
|vennsis
|-
|27
|vennsèt
|-
|28
|venntwit
|-
|29
|ventnèf
|}
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
|30
|twant
|-
|31
|twantéyon
|-
|32
|twantdé
|-
|33
|twantwa
|-
|34
|twantkat
|-
|35
|twantsenk
|-
|36
|twantsis
|-
|37
|twantsèt
|-
|38
|twantwit
|-
|39
|twantnèf
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|40
|kawant
|-
|41
|kawantéyon
|-
|42
|kawantdé
|-
|43
|kawantwa
|-
|44
|kawantkat
|-
|45
|kawantsenk
|-
|46
|kawantsis
|-
|47
|kawantsèt
|-
|48
|kawantwit
|-
|49
|kawantnèf
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|50
|senkant
|-
|51
|senkantéyon
|-
|52
|senkantdé
|-
|53
|senkantwa
|-
|54
|senkantkat
|-
|55
|senkantsenk
|-
|56
|senkantsis
|-
|57
|senkantsèt
|-
|58
|senkantwit
|-
|59
|senkantnèf
|}
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
|60
|swasant
|-
|61
|swasantéyon
|-
|62
|swasantdé
|-
|63
|swasantwa
|-
|64
|swasantkat
|-
|65
|swasantsenk
|-
|66
|swasantsis
|-
|67
|swasantsèt
|-
|68
|swasantwit
|-
|69
|swasantnèf
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|70
|swasantdis
|-
|71
|swasantwonz
|-
|72
|swasantdouz
|-
|73
|swasanttwèz
|-
|74
|swasantkatòz
|-
|75
|swasantkenz
|-
|76
|swasantsèz
|-
|77
|Swasantdisèt
|-
|78
|swasantdizwit
|-
|79
|swasantdiznèf
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|80
|katwèven
|-
|81
|katwèventéyon
|-
|82
|katwèvendé
|-
|83
|katwèventwa
|-
|84
|katwèvenkat
|-
|85
|katwèvensenk
|-
|86
|katwèvensis
|-
|87
|katwèvensèt
|-
|88
|katwèvenwit
|-
|89
|katwèvennèf
|}
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
|90
|katwèvendis
|-
|91
|katwèvenwonz
|-
|92
|katwèvendouz
|-
|93
|katwèventwèz
|-
|94
|katwèvenkatòz
|-
|95
|katwèvenkenz
|-
|96
|katwèvensèz
|-
|97
|katwèvendisèt
|-
|98
|katwèvendizwit
|-
|99
|katwèvendiznèf
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|100
|san
|-
|200
|dé san
|-
|300
|twa san
|-
|400
|kat san
|-
|500
|senk san
|-
|600
|sis san
|-
|700
|sèt san
|-
|800
|wit san
|-
|900
|nèf san
|-
|1 000
|mil
|}
|
{| class="wikitable"
|2 000
|dé mil
|-
|3 000
|twa mil
|-
|4 000
|kat mil
|-
|5 000
|senk mil
|-
|6 000
|sis mil
|-
|7 000
|sèt mil
|-
|8 000
|sit mil
|-
|9 000
|nèf mil
|-
|10 000
|di mil
|-
|100 000
|san mil
|}
|-
|
{| class="wikitable"
|200 000
|dé san mil
|-
|300 000
|twa san mil
|-
|400 000
|kat san mil
|-
|500 000
|senk san mil
|-
|600 000
|sis san mil
|-
|700 000
|sèt san mil
|-
|800 00
|wit san mil
|-
|900 000
|nèf san mil
|}
|1 000 000 = yon milyon
|1 000 000 000 = yon milya
|}
:1 234 = yon mil + dé san + twantkat
:30 153 = twant mil + san + senkantwa
:412 489 = (kat san douz) mil + kat san + katwèvennèf
:12 356 734 = (douz) milyon + (twa san+senkantsis) mil + sèt san+twantkat<br>
'''Ordinal'''
:1st = pwémyè
:2nd = dézyènm
:3rd = twazyènm
:4th = katriyènm
:5th = senkyènm
:6th = sizyènm (Notice the second "s" in "sis" is pronounced as a "z")
:7th = sètyènm
:8th = wityènm
:9th = nèvyènm (Notice the "f" in "nèf" is pronounced as a "v")
:All the other numbers are formed like this: Number + [yènm]


==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
==Language Aids and Dictionaries==
'''Language Aids'''
*[https://www.avirtualdominica.com/project/creole-kweyol-language/ Kweyol Language - A look at typical Kweyol words and phrases used in Dominica ]  (avirtualdominica.com)
*[http://www.saintluciancreole.dbfrank.net/dictionary/spellingguide.pdf The Kwéyòl Writing System]


'''Dictionaries'''
* Crosbie, Paul and David Frank. ''Kweýol̀ dictionary.'' Castries, Saint Lucia: Ministry of Education, Government of Saint Lucia, 2001. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/948227847 WorldCat].
* Fontaine, Marcel. ''Dominica's diksyonnè : Kwéyòl-Annglé = Dominica's English-Creole dictionary.'' Cave Hill, Barbados: The Folk Research Institute, 1991. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/29360981 WorldCat].


'''Online Dictionaries'''
==Additional Resources==
* [https://www.webonary.org/kweyol/ Kwéyòl Dictionary] (Webonary)
* [http://www.saintluciancreole.dbfrank.net/dictionary/KweyolDictionary.pdf Kweýol̀ dictionary] (SIL)


==Additional Resources==
* Amastae, Jon Edward. ''Dominican creole phonology.'' Ann Arbor, Mich: Xerox University Microfilms, 1975. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/954295811 WorldCat].
* Paugh, Amy Lynn and Bambi B Schieffelin. ''Creole day is every day": Language socialization, shift, and ideologies.'' n.p.: New York University, 2001. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/873971085 WorldCat].
* Amastae, Jon Edward. ''Dominican creole phonology.'' Ann Arbor, Mich: Xerox University Microfilms, 1975. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/954295811 WorldCat].


==References==
==References==


[[Category:Dominica]]
[[Category:Dominica]]

Revision as of 13:50, 22 March 2021

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Description[edit | edit source]

English is the official language of Dominica and is universally spoken and understood.

In addition, Dominican Creole, an Antillean Creole based on French, is widely spoken. This is due to French migration to the island starting in 1690. A majority French Creole speaking population reside on the island.

Along with Creole, a dialect known as Kokoy (or Cockoy) is spoken. It is a type of pidgin English which is a mix of Leeward Island English Creole and Dominican Creole, and is mainly spoken in the north-eastern villages of Marigot and Wesley. [1]

Word List(s)[edit | edit source]

Alphabet and Pronunciation[edit | edit source]

Créole IPA

Transcription

Standard pronunciation [2]
g g hard G like in Garage
h h use like in Ham
i i Pronounced like "ee" as in see
j ʒ Pronounced as french J.
k k Replaces hard "C", "Qu". K as in Kick
w w W replaces R in some words derived from French, but in Creole, they are two different letters.
s s Replaces the soft "C" and pronounced like "S" in Soft
y j pronounced like "Yuh" as in Yuck
z z Replaces "S" when used between vowels, and pronounced as in Zebra
an ɑ̃ nasalized sound used in French. Does not exist in English
àn an Pronounced as a not nasalized sound with an emphasis on the "N" "ane" in English
ann ɑ̃n an nasalised French "an" with long "n" sound "Pronounced like "anne".
anm ɑ̃m an nasalised French "an" with long "m" sound "Pronounced like "ahmm".
ay aj Pronounced as "eye" in English
in in Never nasalised.
en ɛ̃ Always nasalised
enn   Pronounced as in Garden
on ɔ̃ Sound does not exist in English. It is a nasal on as used in French.
onm ɔ̃m Nasal sound + M.
onn ɔ̃n  Nasal sound + N.
ch ʃ Pronounced as "Sh" in English
a pronounced as a short a as in Cat
b Pronounced as B en English
f Pronounced as F in English
d Pronounced as D in English Like Dog
m Pronounced as M in English Like Man.
n Pronounced as N in English Like Never
Ò Pronounced as "Or" as in More
R Often replaced by W in beginnings of words, but pronounced as Racquet
P Pronounced as in Pea
T Pronounced as in Tea
V Pronounced as in Volcano
W Pronounced as in Water

Language Aids and Dictionaries[edit | edit source]

Additional Resources[edit | edit source]

References[edit | edit source]

  1. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Dominica," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominica#Languages, accessed 22 March 2021.
  2. ↑ Wikipedia contributors, "Dominican Creole French," in Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Creole_French#Kwéyòl alphabet, accessed 22 March 2021.
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