Oklahoma Census: Difference between revisions

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Revision as of 10:46, 18 December 2019

Oklahoma Wiki Topics

Beginning Research

Record Types

Oklahoma Background

Cultural Groups

Local Research Resources

Online Resources[edit | edit source]

United States Online Census, 1790-1940
United States Census of Union Veterans and Widows of the Civil War, 1890 — index and images
Oklahoma Territorial Census, 1890 and 1907 Index and images ($)
OHS 1890 Oklahoma Territorial Census Index.
U.S., Indian Census Rolls, 1885-1940, ($), index
Oklahoma and Indian Territory, Indian Censuses and Rolls, 1851-1959, ($), index
U.S., Native American Citizens and Freedmen of Five Civilized Tribes, 1895-1914, ($), index
U.S., Native American Enrollment Cards for the Five Civilized Tribes, 1898-1914, ($), index
U.S., Cherokee Baker Roll and Records, 1924-1929, ($), index
Oklahoma Osage Tribe Roll, 1921, ($), index
Unemployment Relief Census of 1933, index

Tips

If at first you don't find a name, try again under another spelling.
Photocopy each ancestor's census. Identify where you found it.
Look for an ancestor in every census during her or his lifetime.
On the family group record show each person's census listings.
Study others in the same household, neighbors, and anyone with the similar names nearby on the census in community context.

For a list of the exact date of each federal census, click here.

Oklahoma State Censuses Online[edit | edit source]

Oklahoma Territorial Census, 1890 and 1907 Index and images ($)
OHS 1890 Oklahoma Territorial Census Index.

Online Oklahoma indexes and images[edit | edit source]

Template:Census Online Oklahoma

Federal population schedules[edit | edit source]

Microfilm images[edit | edit source]

**Federal Census Microfilms Available from the Family History Library**
1940 N/A	1910 and Soundex
1930	1900 and Soundex
1920 and Soundex	1900 Indian Territory

**Federal Census Microfilms Available from the National Archives**
1940 N/A	1910 T624 and Soundex T1273
1930 T626	1900 T623 and Soundex T1066
1920 T625 and Soundex M1582

1860. The "Indian Lands" (Oklahoma) non-Indian population schedules are at the very end of Family History Library film 803054 (M653 roll 52) after Yell County, Arkansas. This census and a published index are available at the National Archives Southwest Region (Ft. Worth), the Oklahoma Historical Society, and the Family History Library.

Indexes: fiche, film, or book[edit | edit source]

For a list of microform and book indexes for the population schedules of Oklahoma, click here

Federal non-population schedules[edit | edit source]

Online indexes and images[edit | edit source]

Online Federal Non-Population Schedules for Oklahoma
		Free	Free at Some Libraries (usually with library card)			Pay
Year	Type	Record Search	Heritage Quest	Ancestry FHL	Ancestry Library	Ancestry Home
1890	Veterans	-	-	Link	Link	Link
1860	Slave owner (as part of Arkansas Indian Lands)	-	Link^[1]	Link	Link	Link
1860	Mortality (as part of Arkansas Indian Lands)	-	-	Link	Link	Link

Microfilm images[edit | edit source]

Civil War Union veterans and their widows, 1890	Flint district Cherokee census and emigrants,1852
Census and school records, 1879-1943	1851 Cherokee Old Settlers' annuity roll
1878 annuity rolls of Chickasaw Nation	Cherokee Nation east, roll of 1835
Cherokee census rolls, 1880

Many other Indian census rolls and records are located at the Family History Library. See Oklahoma - Census in the FamilySearch Catalog for a list of these records. For an index also see the web site: http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/finalindex.php

Indexes: fiche, film, or book[edit | edit source]

For a list of microform and book indexes for the non-population schedules of Oklahoma, click here.

State and territorial censuses[edit | edit source]

Oklahoma often took censuses in the years before and between the federal censuses, the dates are listed below. State census records may have columns that were different or more unusual than those found on federal censuses. The responses and years of coverage may give additional information on the family.

Oklahoma (and Indian Territory) state, territorial, colonial censuses^[2]^[3]

Exact Date

Population Schedules

1907

Statistical State Census

1890 Jun

Territorial Census: for the counties of Logan, Oklahoma, Cleveland, Canadian, Kingfisher, Payne, and Beaver only.

1890 territorial census. A card index is available at the Oklahoma State Historical Society. A helpful source for locating families in this census is Smith's First Directory of Oklahoma Territory: For the Year Commencing August 1st, 1890 (see the “Directories” section of this Oklahoma Wiki article)

1880 The Cherokee Nation 1880 census covering the Canadian, Cooweescoowee, Delaware, Flint, Going Snake, Illinois, Saline, Sequoyah and Tahlequah districts is for Indians only. This also includes census rolls of various years of Delaware Indians holding citizenship in the Cherokee Nation. FHL US/CAN Film 989204. The Cherokee Nation 1880 Indian census is indexed on the Internet at: http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/finalindex.php This index does not include census images.

Historical Background[edit | edit source]

Many special censuses were taken in Oklahoma, especially censuses of Indians. For more information about these, see the State, territorial, and colonial censuses section above. For information on censuses of specific Indian Tribes, see Indians of Oklahoma.

In 1819 Arkansas Territory (including most of what is now Oklahoma) was created from the southern part of the Missouri Territory.

1820. Some general white settlememt had started in what is now the far southeast corner of Oklahoma. They were counted on the census of Miller County, Arkansas, which included parts of what is now Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. But these population schedules are lost.^[4]

In 1828 the western boundary of Arkansas was established, separating the Indian Territory (to become Oklahoma) from what had been Arkansas Territory and including part of the southern edge of what had been Missouri Territory.^[5]

At first, some white settlers departed when the area was set aside for the Indians. After Indian government proved effective, more whites began to settle in Indian Territory.

1830-1850. No other federal censuses were taken in present-day Oklahoma in 1830, 1840, or 1850.

1860. The non-Indians of what is now Oklahoma were counted in 1860 in what were called the Indian Lands of Arkansas Territory.^[6] This census does not list Indians, but lists free and slave inhabitants in the Cherokee, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole nations. The slave schedules provide the names of slave owners, but not the names of slaves.

1870. No census available.

1880. All non-Indian and most Indian schedules are lost. Only the Cherokee Indian schedules survive.^[7]

1890. The population schedules were destroyed. The special census of Civil War Union veterans and widows survives for both the Oklahoma and Indian Territories.^[8]

In addition to the federal censuses, a separate census was taken in 1890 of the Oklahoma Territory. Censuses exist for Logan, Oklahoma, Cleveland, Canadian, Kingfisher, Payne and Beaver counties. This includes information on the entire household but is incomplete for some areas.

1900. Oklahoma was split between Indian Territory to the southeast, and Oklahoma Territory to the northwest on the 1900 census.^[9] The following map shows modern county boundaries and the division between Indian and Oklahoma territories.

In 1907 Indian Territory and Oklahoma Territory combined to become the state of Oklahoma.

1910, 1920, and 1930. Federal censuses of Oklahoma are available, and have been indexed for each of these years.

Existing and lost censuses[edit | edit source]

For a list of available and missing Oklahoma censuses, click here.

Why use a census?[edit | edit source]

A well-indexed census is one of the easiest ways to locate where an ancestor's family lived and when they lived there. You can also use censuses to follow the changes in a family over time, and identify neighbors. These and other clues provided by censuses are important because they help find additional kinds of records about the family.

More about censuses[edit | edit source]

Click here for additional details about how to use censuses, such as:

Sources and footnotes[edit | edit source]

↑ HeritageQuest has slave owner schedule images only.
↑ Ann S. Lainhart, State Census Records (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1992), 95-96.
↑ Henry J. Dubester, State Censuses: An Annotated Bibliography of Censuses of Population Taken After the Year 1790 by States and Territories of the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1948), 52.
↑ William Thorndale and William Dollarhide, Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1987), 275.
↑ Ibid., 275-76.
↑ Ibid., 276, and The 1790-1890 Federal Population Censuses: Catalog of National Archives Microfilm, rev. ed. (Washington, DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, 1993), 26.
↑ Thorndale and Dollarhide, 277, and FamilySearch Catalog entry for the title "Cherokee census rolls, 1880".
↑ Anne Bruner Eales, and Robert M. Kvasnicka, Guide to Genealogical Research in the National Archives, 3rd ed. (Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Administration, 2000), 37, and the Family History Catalog entry for the title "Schedules enumerating Union veterans and widows of Union veterans of the Civil War".
↑ Thorndale and Dollarhide, 278.

Census]]

[HQSlave-1] HeritageQuest has slave owner schedule images only.

[2] Ann S. Lainhart, State Census Records (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1992), 95-96.

[3] Henry J. Dubester, State Censuses: An Annotated Bibliography of Censuses of Population Taken After the Year 1790 by States and Territories of the United States (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1948), 52.

[4] William Thorndale and William Dollarhide, Map Guide to the U.S. Federal Censuses, 1790-1920 (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing, 1987), 275.

[5] Ibid., 275-76.

[three-6] Ibid., 276, and The 1790-1890 Federal Population Censuses: Catalog of National Archives Microfilm, rev. ed. (Washington, DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, 1993), 26.

[four-7] Thorndale and Dollarhide, 277, and FamilySearch Catalog entry for the title "Cherokee census rolls, 1880".

[five-8] Anne Bruner Eales, and Robert M. Kvasnicka, Guide to Genealogical Research in the National Archives, 3rd ed. (Washington, DC: National Archives and Records Administration, 2000), 37, and the Family History Catalog entry for the title "Schedules enumerating Union veterans and widows of Union veterans of the Civil War".

[9] Thorndale and Dollarhide, 278.

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