Danish Genealogical Word List: Difference between revisions

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The Danish Genealogical Word List shows Danish words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Danish ancestors. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Danish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)


<center>'''[[Danish to English Genealogical Word List|DANISH to ENGLISH Word List]]'''</center>
Danish is a Germanic language like Swedish, Norwegian, and Icelandic. A major spelling and grammar reform was introduced in [[Denmark]] in 1953. Most differences between modern and old Danish are simply a matter of spelling. Carefully study the spelling section in "Language Characteristics" below. This will help you find the words in this list. <br>


<center>'''[[English to Danish Genealogical Word List|ENGLISH to DANISH Word List]]'''</center>
{| cellspacing="0" cellpadding="20" border="1"
|+ Links to Danish Genealogical Words (Danish to English by the first letter)
|-
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with A|A]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with B|B]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with C|C]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with D|D]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with E|E]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with F|F]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with G|G]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with H|H]]
|-
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with I|I]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with J|J]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with K|K]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with L|L]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with M|M]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with N|N]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with O|O]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with P|P]]
|-
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with Q|Q]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with R|R]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with S|S]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with T|T]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with U|U]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with V, W |V, W]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with X, Y, Z |X, Y, Z]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with Æ|Æ]]
|-
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with Ø|Ø]]
| [[Danish Genealogical Words beginning with Å|Å]]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}


<br>


The Danish Genealogical Word List shows Danish words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Danish ancestors. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Danish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)
== LANGUAGE CHARACTERISTICS  ==


Danish is a Germanic language like English, German, Dutch, Swedish, Norwegian, and Icelandic. A major spelling and grammar reform was introduced in [[Denmark Genealogy|Denmark]] in 1953. Most differences between modern and old Danish are simply a matter of spelling. The spelling section in "Language Characteristics" below, along with the English to Danish Word list are designed to help you find the words you need.
==== Variant Forms of Words  ====


Due to community feedback, the Danish Word List is now available in a PDF format. This list was created by revising the Genealogical Word List for Denmark that is now out of print. Some words that did not seem relevant to Danish research were removed. Many words were added including many occupations. There are 1, 278 terms in this list. The PDF will be updated as the Word List is improved. See [[Media:Danish Genealogical Word List October 2010.pdf|Danish Genealogical Word List October 2010]]
== Language Characteristics  ==
==== Variant Forms of Words  ====
In Danish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list, for example:  
In Danish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list, for example:  


Mand= man  
Mand man Kone wife<br>Manden the man Konen the wife<br>Mænd men Koner wives<br>Mænderne the men Konerne the wives  
 
Kone= wife<br>  
 
Manden= the man  
 
Konen= the wife<br>  
 
Mænd= men  
 
Koner= wives<br>  
 
Mænderne= the men  
 
Konerne= the wives  


This word list gives the standard form of each word.  
This word list gives the standard form of each word.  
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==== Alphabetical Order  ====
==== Alphabetical Order  ====


Written Danish has three additional letters: Æ (æ), Ø (ø), and Å (å). These letters are filed after A-Z alphabetically. The letter Å (å) was officially introduced in 1953, so it never appears in older records. Prior to that time it was usually written as Aa (aa) and filed at the beginning of the alphabet. Danish dictionaries and indexes, this word list, and the Locality section of the FamilySearch Catalog use the following alphabetical order:  
Written Danish has three additional letters: Æ (æ), Ø (ø), and Å (å). These letters are filed after A-Z alphabetically. The letter Å (å) was officially introduced in 1953, so it never appears in older records. Prior to that time it was usually written as Aa (aa) and filed at the beginning of the alphabet. Danish dictionaries and indexes, this word list, and the Locality section of the Family History Library Catalog use the following alphabetical order:  


a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z æ ø å  
a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z æ ø å  
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Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common.  
Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common.  


aa used for å  
aa used for å b used for p<br>c used for k d used for t<br>fi used for v g used for k<br>i used for j x used for ks<br>q used for k w used for v<br>e used for æ ö used for ø<br>u used for v ch used for k<br>tj used for ki


b used for p<br>
Examples:
 
c used for k


d used for t<br>  
skov spelled as schov<br>kvinde spelled as qvinde<br>Århus spelled as Aarhus


fi used for v
== ADDITIONAL RESOURCES  ==


g used for k<br>
This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Danish-English dictionary. Several Danish-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.81321.


i used for j
The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in Family History Centers:


x used for ks<br>
Magnussen, Johannes Julius. [http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=471531&disp=McKa%C3%BDs+modern+Danish%2DEnglish%2C+E%20%20&columns=*,0,0 McKay's Modern English-Danish, Danish-English Dictionary]. New York: David McKay, 1957. (FHL book 439.81321 M275m; film 1,440,033, item 1.)


q used for k
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under [http://www.familysearch.org/Eng/Library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=subjecthitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&subject=Danish+Language+-+Dictionaries&presubject=Danish+Language+-+Dictionaries DANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES] or in the Locality section under DENMARK - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES.
 
w used for v<br>
 
e used for æ
 
ö used for ø<br>
 
u used for v
 
ch used for k<br>
 
tj used for ki
 
Examples:  
 
skov spelled as schov<br>
 
kvinde spelled as qvinde<br>
 
Århus spelled as Aarhus


== Key Words ==
== Key Words ==
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For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Danish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Danish records to indicate marriage.  
For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Danish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Danish records to indicate marriage.  


{| class="wikitable"
{| cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" width="100%" border="1"
|-
|-
! English
| English<br>
! Danish
| Danish<br>
|-
| banns
| trolovede, trolovelse, forlovelse
|-
|-
| births  
| births  
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| deaths  
| deaths  
| døde, død
| døde, død
|-
| engagement
| trolovede, trolovelse, forlovelse
|-
|-
| father  
| father  
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|-
|-
| military  
| military  
| militær, lægd
| militær
|-
|-
| mother  
| mother  
Line 176: Line 170:
|}
|}


[[Category:Denmark Language and Handwriting]] [[Category:Language and Handwriting]]  [[Category:Word_List]] [[Category:Genealogical_Words_in_Danish_Research]]
[[Category:Denmark]] [[Category:Word_List]]
 
== Additional Resources ==
This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Danish-English dictionary. Several dictionaries are available in the Scandinavian book collection at the FamilySearch Library. Their call numbers begin with 439.81321.
 
The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in FamilySearch Centers:<br>
Magnussen, Johannes Julius. {{FSC|471531|item|disp=McKay's Modern English-Danish, Danish-English Dictionary}}. New York: David McKay, 1957. (FS Library book 439.81321 M275m; film 1,440,033, item 1.)
 
Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog FamilySearch Library Catalog] under  DANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under DENMARK - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES.
 
A dictionary of modern Danish published by the [https://dsl.dk/ Danish Language and Literature Society] (''Det Danske Sprog- og Litteraturselskab'') is available online at [https://ordnet.dk/ddo_en The Danish Dictionary] (''Den Danske Ordbog''}.
=== Other FamilySearch Research Wiki Resources ===
*[[Denmark Probate Records]] for words commonly found in probate records
*[[Denmark Occupations]] for a list of occupations

Revision as of 13:37, 16 February 2010

Back to Denmark Portal Page►

The Danish Genealogical Word List shows Danish words and their English translations for many words that are found in documents used to research Danish ancestors. If the word you are looking for is not on this list, please consult a Danish-English dictionary. (See the "Additional Resources" section below.)

Danish is a Germanic language like Swedish, Norwegian, and Icelandic. A major spelling and grammar reform was introduced in Denmark in 1953. Most differences between modern and old Danish are simply a matter of spelling. Carefully study the spelling section in "Language Characteristics" below. This will help you find the words in this list.

Links to Danish Genealogical Words (Danish to English by the first letter)
A B C D E F G H
I J K L M N O P
Q R S T U V, W X, Y, Z Æ
Ø Å


LANGUAGE CHARACTERISTICS[edit | edit source]

Variant Forms of Words[edit | edit source]

In Danish, as in English, the forms of some words will vary according to how they are used in a sentence. Who—whose—whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. The endings of a word in a document may differ from those in this list, for example:

Mand man Kone wife
Manden the man Konen the wife
Mænd men Koner wives
Mænderne the men Konerne the wives

This word list gives the standard form of each word.

Alphabetical Order[edit | edit source]

Written Danish has three additional letters: Æ (æ), Ø (ø), and Å (å). These letters are filed after A-Z alphabetically. The letter Å (å) was officially introduced in 1953, so it never appears in older records. Prior to that time it was usually written as Aa (aa) and filed at the beginning of the alphabet. Danish dictionaries and indexes, this word list, and the Locality section of the Family History Library Catalog use the following alphabetical order:

a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z æ ø å

Spelling[edit | edit source]

Spelling rules were not standardized in earlier centuries. The following spelling variations are common.

aa used for å b used for p
c used for k d used for t
fi used for v g used for k
i used for j x used for ks
q used for k w used for v
e used for æ ö used for ø
u used for v ch used for k
tj used for ki

Examples:

skov spelled as schov
kvinde spelled as qvinde
Århus spelled as Aarhus

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES[edit | edit source]

This word list includes only words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use a Danish-English dictionary. Several Danish-English dictionaries are available at the Family History Library. These are in the Scandinavian collection. Their call numbers begin with 439.81321.

The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in Family History Centers:

Magnussen, Johannes Julius. McKay's Modern English-Danish, Danish-English Dictionary. New York: David McKay, 1957. (FHL book 439.81321 M275m; film 1,440,033, item 1.)

Additional dictionaries are listed in the Subject section of the Family History Library Catalog under DANISH LANGUAGE - DICTIONARIES or in the Locality section under DENMARK - LANGUAGE AND LANGUAGES.

Key Words[edit | edit source]

To find and use specific types of Danish records, you will need to know some key words in Danish. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Danish words with the same or similar meanings.

For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Danish words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, legitimate, joined, and other words used in Danish records to indicate marriage.

English
 Danish
banns trolovede, trolovelse, forlovelse
births fødte, født
burials begravede, begravelse, jordet
census folketælling
child barn
christenings døpte, døbt, daab
confirmations konfirmerede
deaths døde, død
father fader, far
female kvindekjøn (køn), pige
husband mand, husbonde, husfader
index register
male mandkjøn (køn), drenge
marriages copulerede, vielse, ægteviede, bryllup
military militær
mother moder, mor
moving in tilgangsliste, inflytning
moving out avgangsliste, udflytning
name, given navne
name, surname efternavne
parents forældre
parish sogn
vaccinations vaccinerede
wife hustru, husmoder, kone, kvinde
year år, anno

Family History Library (FHL); now called, FamilySearch Library (FSL)

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