318,531
edits
Maryland Emigration and Immigration (view source)
Revision as of 10:45, 16 October 2015
, 16 October 2015Reverted edits by Hanna5974 (talk) to last revision by Leslieharris
m (Text replace - "Category:African_Americans" to "Category:African American Records") |
m (Reverted edits by Hanna5974 (talk) to last revision by Leslieharris) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
''[[United States Emigration and Immigration|United States Emigration and | ''[[United States Emigration and Immigration|United States Emigration and Immigration]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Maryland Genealogy|Maryland]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Maryland_Emigration_and_Immigration|Emigration and Immigration]]'' [[Image:MD Ship The Dove.png|thumb|right|250px|MD Ship The Dove.png]] | ||
=== Overseas Immigration === | === Overseas Immigration === | ||
| Line 5: | Line 5: | ||
==== Colonial Period ==== | ==== Colonial Period ==== | ||
Most colonial ship records contain little information about the passengers. Generally the list of passengers was a partial list and included names of the most important men. Women and children were often not listed. Since the capitans were not required to give their records to anyone, they kept the records themselves, destroyed the records or did not keep any records. Most of the records that survive have been published. The [http://www.ancestryinstitution.com/search/rectype/default.aspx?rt=40 Immigration & Travel | Most colonial ship records contain little information about the passengers. Generally the list of passengers was a partial list and included names of the most important men. Women and children were often not listed. Since the capitans were not required to give their records to anyone, they kept the records themselves, destroyed the records or did not keep any records. Most of the records that survive have been published. The [http://www.ancestryinstitution.com/search/rectype/default.aspx?rt=40 Immigration & Travel Records] ($) collection found at Ancestry.com is a great place to start immigration research. | ||
Headright grants were issued to persons responsible for importing settlers into the colony. The records have been made available for free online, courtesy, Maryland State Archives: | Headright grants were issued to persons responsible for importing settlers into the colony. The records have been made available for free online, courtesy, Maryland State Archives: | ||
| Line 39: | Line 39: | ||
Sometimes records in the English Court of Chancery help Americans learn about their British origins, for an example, see: | Sometimes records in the English Court of Chancery help Americans learn about their British origins, for an example, see: | ||
:*[[Peter Wilson Coldham|Coldham, Peter | :*[[Peter Wilson Coldham|Coldham, Peter Wilson]]. "William Roberts of Maryland: Sidelights from the British Public Records Office," ''National Genealogical Society Quarterly'', Vol. 85, No. 3 (Sep. 1997):219-221. Digital version at [http://www.ngsgenealogy.org/ National Genealogical Society website] ($); {{FHL|39597|item|disp=FHL Book 973 B2ng v. 85 (1997)}}. | ||
From 1611 to 1776, more than 50,000 English and Irish felons were sentenced to deportation to American colonies over the centuries. These include Irishmen who rebelled against Cromwell's army in 1649. The 1755 Census of Maryland reveals the distribution of transported convicts across the colony. The highest concentrations of transported felons were in [[Anne Arundel County, Maryland Genealogy|Anne Arundel]], [[Baltimore County, Maryland Genealogy| | From 1611 to 1776, more than 50,000 English and Irish felons were sentenced to deportation to American colonies over the centuries. These include Irishmen who rebelled against Cromwell's army in 1649. The 1755 Census of Maryland reveals the distribution of transported convicts across the colony. The highest concentrations of transported felons were in [[Anne Arundel County, Maryland Genealogy|Anne Arundel]], [[Baltimore County, Maryland Genealogy|Baltimore]], [[Charles County, Maryland Genealogy|Charles]], and [[Queen Anne's County, Maryland Genealogy|Queen Anne's]] counties:<ref name="con">[http://books.google.com/books?id=3TY3AAAAYAAJ "An Account of the Number of Souls in the Province of Maryland, in the Year 1755,"] ''The Gentleman's Magazine,'' Vol. 34 (1764):261.</ref> | ||
{| width="100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" | {| width="100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" border="1" | ||
| Line 165: | Line 165: | ||
===== German Immigrants ===== | ===== German Immigrants ===== | ||
The largest group of non-British persons in the colonial period were Rhineland Germans who were encouraged by Maryland officials to settle in the rich farm lands of western Maryland in the 1730s and 1740s. Many of these Germans came through [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania| | The largest group of non-British persons in the colonial period were Rhineland Germans who were encouraged by Maryland officials to settle in the rich farm lands of western Maryland in the 1730s and 1740s. Many of these Germans came through [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia]]. A few Dutch, Swedish, Huguenot, and Acadian refugee families also came to the colony. | ||
Many of the customs lists and indexes include the birthplace or city of last permanent residence of German immigrants. This is because most Germans who came to Baltimore left from the port of Bremen, and the lists of ships arriving from Bremen often give this information. | Many of the customs lists and indexes include the birthplace or city of last permanent residence of German immigrants. This is because most Germans who came to Baltimore left from the port of Bremen, and the lists of ships arriving from Bremen often give this information. | ||
| Line 184: | Line 184: | ||
===== Colonial Ships ===== | ===== Colonial Ships ===== | ||
Though they do not include names of passengers, records kept by the Colonial Office and stored at [[England The National Archives|The National | Though they do not include names of passengers, records kept by the Colonial Office and stored at [[England The National Archives|The National Archives]] (Kew, England), document ships' arrivals and departures from Maryland ports between 1689 and 1754. FamilySearch microfilmed these records. They are useful for learning about the history of ships entering the colony: | ||
*Shippings Lists for Maryland, 1689-1754 {{FHL|209582|item|disp=FHL film 964007}}. | *Shippings Lists for Maryland, 1689-1754 {{FHL|209582|item|disp=FHL film 964007}}. | ||
''Lloyd's Register of Shipping'' identifies ships leaving England, their masters, ports of departure, and destinations. They survive as early as 1764 and are being put online at [http://www.lr.org/en/research-and-innovation/historical-information/lloyds-register-of-ships-online/ Lloyd's Register of Ships | ''Lloyd's Register of Shipping'' identifies ships leaving England, their masters, ports of departure, and destinations. They survive as early as 1764 and are being put online at [http://www.lr.org/en/research-and-innovation/historical-information/lloyds-register-of-ships-online/ Lloyd's Register of Ships Online] - free. | ||
Ships mentioned in the ''Maryland Gazette'' between 1727 and 1761 have been identified in: | Ships mentioned in the ''Maryland Gazette'' between 1727 and 1761 have been identified in: | ||
| Line 194: | Line 194: | ||
:*Green, Karen Mauer. ''The Maryland Gazette, 1727-1761: Genealogical and Historical Abstracts.'' (Galveston, Texas: Frontier, 1989.) {{FHL|540298|item|disp=FHL Book 975.2 D2g}}. | :*Green, Karen Mauer. ''The Maryland Gazette, 1727-1761: Genealogical and Historical Abstracts.'' (Galveston, Texas: Frontier, 1989.) {{FHL|540298|item|disp=FHL Book 975.2 D2g}}. | ||
[[Peter Wilson Coldham|Peter Wilson | [[Peter Wilson Coldham|Peter Wilson Coldham]] compiled a list of convict ships travelling between English and Maryland ports during the eighteenth century. See appendix to: | ||
:*[[Peter Wilson Coldham|Coldham, Peter | :*[[Peter Wilson Coldham|Coldham, Peter Wilson]]. ''British Emigrants in Bondage, 1614-1788.'' CD-ROM. (Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 2004.) {{FHL|1210004|item|disp=FHL CD-ROM CD-ROM no. 2150}}. | ||
Dr. Marianne S. Wokeck created a detailed list of "German Immigrant Voyages, 1683-1775" to Colonial America. Destinations include Maryland (1750s). She published the list in an Appendix to: | Dr. Marianne S. Wokeck created a detailed list of "German Immigrant Voyages, 1683-1775" to Colonial America. Destinations include Maryland (1750s). She published the list in an Appendix to: | ||
| Line 202: | Line 202: | ||
:*Wokeck, Marianne S. ''Trade in Strangers: The Beginnings of Mass Migration to North America''. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999. {{FHL|1023023|item|disp=FHL book 970 W2w}}. | :*Wokeck, Marianne S. ''Trade in Strangers: The Beginnings of Mass Migration to North America''. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999. {{FHL|1023023|item|disp=FHL book 970 W2w}}. | ||
Information about ships can also be gleaned from colonial county court order books, headright grants, and [[Virginia Public Records#Calendar_of_State_Papers_Colonial.2C_America_and_West_Indies|English State Papers Colonial, American and West | Information about ships can also be gleaned from colonial county court order books, headright grants, and [[Virginia Public Records#Calendar_of_State_Papers_Colonial.2C_America_and_West_Indies|English State Papers Colonial, American and West Indies]]. | ||
Many ships that sailed from Bristol, England to Maryland are described in: ''Bristol, Africa and the Eighteenth-Century Slave Trade to America 1698-1807'' (4 vols.) {{FHL|504033|item|disp=FHL British Books 942.41/B2 B4b v. 38-39, 42, 47}}. | Many ships that sailed from Bristol, England to Maryland are described in: ''Bristol, Africa and the Eighteenth-Century Slave Trade to America 1698-1807'' (4 vols.) {{FHL|504033|item|disp=FHL British Books 942.41/B2 B4b v. 38-39, 42, 47}}. | ||
| Line 210: | Line 210: | ||
===== Colonial Ports ===== | ===== Colonial Ports ===== | ||
*Annapolis ([[Anne Arundel County, Maryland#Immigration|Anne Arundel | *Annapolis ([[Anne Arundel County, Maryland#Immigration|Anne Arundel County]]) | ||
*Baltimore ([[Baltimore County, Maryland#Immigration|Baltimore | *Baltimore ([[Baltimore County, Maryland#Immigration|Baltimore County]]) | ||
*Oxford ([[Talbot County, Maryland#Immigration|Talbot | *Oxford ([[Talbot County, Maryland#Immigration|Talbot County]]) | ||
*St. Mary's ([[St. Mary's County, Maryland#Immigration|St. Mary's | *St. Mary's ([[St. Mary's County, Maryland#Immigration|St. Mary's County]]) | ||
===== Customs Districts ===== | ===== Customs Districts ===== | ||
| Line 258: | Line 258: | ||
=== Ports for Immigrants to Maryland === | === Ports for Immigrants to Maryland === | ||
The major port of entry into Maryland was Baltimore. Most Baltimore passenger lists are on microfilm at the [http://www.archives.gov/ National | The major port of entry into Maryland was Baltimore. Most Baltimore passenger lists are on microfilm at the [http://www.archives.gov/ National Archives], the [http://www.mdhs.org/ Maryland Historical Society,] the [http://baltimorecityhistory.net/ Baltimore City Archives,] and the Family History Library. | ||
*Baltimore and Annapolis were the two major ports of arrival for convicts transported to the American colonies from England.<ref>Peter Wilson Coldham, ''British Emigrants in Bondage.''</ref> | *Baltimore and Annapolis were the two major ports of arrival for convicts transported to the American colonies from England.<ref>Peter Wilson Coldham, ''British Emigrants in Bondage.''</ref> | ||
| Line 267: | Line 267: | ||
:*Havre de Grace, 1820 {{FHL|66154|item|disp=film 830234.}} | :*Havre de Grace, 1820 {{FHL|66154|item|disp=film 830234.}} | ||
*Immigrants to Maryland, especially western Maryland, may have arrived in Philadelphia (see [[Pennsylvania Emigration and | *Immigrants to Maryland, especially western Maryland, may have arrived in Philadelphia (see [[Pennsylvania Emigration and Immigration]]. | ||
=== Baltimore Arrivals, 1820 to 1891 === | === Baltimore Arrivals, 1820 to 1891 === | ||
| Line 317: | Line 317: | ||
==== FHL and NARA Microfilm Catalog Numbers 1820-1891 ==== | ==== FHL and NARA Microfilm Catalog Numbers 1820-1891 ==== | ||
[http://www.germanroots.com/baltlists1820.html FHL and NARA Microfilm Catalog | [http://www.germanroots.com/baltlists1820.html FHL and NARA Microfilm Catalog Numbers] for Baltimore Passenger Lists 1820-1891 is arranged chronologically, showing the FHL film numbers and corresponding NARA film numbers. | ||
=== Baltimore Arrivals, 1892-1952 === | === Baltimore Arrivals, 1892-1952 === | ||
| Line 347: | Line 347: | ||
=== Westward Migrants === | === Westward Migrants === | ||
Migrations from Maryland began in the early years of the colony. Travelers generally followed the Cumberland Trail (Braddock Road) that led west to Pittsburgh and from there to the Ohio River. Many people also used the [[Great Valley Road|Great Trading Path]], also called the Great Philadelphia Wagon Road, that led southwest along the Allegheny Ridge into the Shenandoah Valley and beyond. Some Marylanders from [[Prince George's County, Maryland Genealogy|Prince George's | Migrations from Maryland began in the early years of the colony. Travelers generally followed the Cumberland Trail (Braddock Road) that led west to Pittsburgh and from there to the Ohio River. Many people also used the [[Great Valley Road|Great Trading Path]], also called the Great Philadelphia Wagon Road, that led southwest along the Allegheny Ridge into the Shenandoah Valley and beyond. Some Marylanders from [[Prince George's County, Maryland Genealogy|Prince George's County]] went to the Carolinas. A group of Catholics from [[St. Mary's County, Maryland Genealogy|St. Mary's County]] settled in [[Nelson County, Kentucky Genealogy|Nelson County, Kentucky]]. By the 1820s some wealthy young Marylanders were moving slaves from their home farms to open plantations in Mississippi and surrounding areas. | ||
Southerners fleeing the devastation of the Civil War and new immigrants from overseas helped to offset population losses. During the heavy period of immigration from 1830 through 1860, approximately half the immigrants were Germans, and a third were Irish. These immigrants tended to remain in the cities, especially [[Baltimore (Independent City), Maryland| | Southerners fleeing the devastation of the Civil War and new immigrants from overseas helped to offset population losses. During the heavy period of immigration from 1830 through 1860, approximately half the immigrants were Germans, and a third were Irish. These immigrants tended to remain in the cities, especially [[Baltimore (Independent City), Maryland|Baltimore]]. | ||
Free native-born Marylanders, alive in 1850, who had left the state, resettled as follows: | Free native-born Marylanders, alive in 1850, who had left the state, resettled as follows: | ||
| Line 371: | Line 371: | ||
{{ImmDCleft}}<br><br><br><br><br> | {{ImmDCleft}}<br><br><br><br><br> | ||
For records of early immigrants to what is now the United States. see [[Early U.S. Immigrant Records|Early U.S. Immigrant | For records of early immigrants to what is now the United States. see [[Early U.S. Immigrant Records|Early U.S. Immigrant Records]]. | ||
The "[[United States Emigration and Immigration|Emigration and | The "[[United States Emigration and Immigration|Emigration and Immigration]]" page for the United States on the FamilySearch Research Wiki lists several important sources for finding information about immigrants. These nationwide sources include many references to people who settled in Maryland. [[Tracing Immigrant Origins|Tracing Immigrant Origins]] introduces the principles, search strategies, and additional record types you can use to identify an immigrant ancestor's hometown. | ||
{{Template:Pros-MD}} | {{Template:Pros-MD}} | ||
| Line 380: | Line 380: | ||
*[http://www.ancestry.com/ Ancestry Immigration & Travel] ($). The place to start for immigration research. | *[http://www.ancestry.com/ Ancestry Immigration & Travel] ($). The place to start for immigration research. | ||
*[http://www.pricegen.com/immigrantservants/search/simple.php Immigrant Servants | *[http://www.pricegen.com/immigrantservants/search/simple.php Immigrant Servants Database]. Collection of names of Maryland indentured servants and convicts. | ||
*[http://www.olivetreegenealogy.com/ships/tousa_md.shtml The Olive Tree | *[http://www.olivetreegenealogy.com/ships/tousa_md.shtml The Olive Tree Genealogy]. Includes Maryland passenger lists. | ||
=== References === | === References === | ||
| Line 387: | Line 387: | ||
<references /><br>{{Maryland|Maryland}} | <references /><br>{{Maryland|Maryland}} | ||
[[Category:Maryland| | [[Category:Maryland|Emigration]] [[Category:Scots-Irish]] [[Category:United_States_Emigration_and_Immigration]] [[Category:English]] [[Category:Germans]] [[Category:African_Americans]] | ||