Arizona Indigenous Peoples: Difference between revisions

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''[[United States Genealogy|United States]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Arizona Genealogy|Arizona]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Genealogy]] [[Image:Gotoarrow.png]] [[Indians of Arizona|Indians of Arizona]]''<br>
| link1=[[United States Genealogy|United States]]
| link2=[[Indigenous Peoples of the United States Genealogy|Indigenous Peoples of the United States]]
| link3=[[Arizona, United States Genealogy|Arizona]]
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| link5=[[Indigenous Peoples of Arizona]]
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==Online Resources==
To get started in [[American Indian Genealogy|American Indian Research]]&nbsp;
*''See [[Native American Online Genealogy Records]] for more resources.''


== Tribes and Bands of Arizona  ==
Click here for a map of [[Media:National%2BAtlas%2BMap%2Bof%2BArizona.pdf|Federal Lands and Indian Reservations]]  
When a tribe or group is federally recognized it is eligible for funding and services from the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA).  When a state establishes state tribal recognition, it acknowledges the tribes status within the state, but does not guarantee funding from either the state or the federal government. When a tribe is recognized by the federal government, it can also be recognized by the state, but not all state recognized tribes are necessarily recognized by the federal government.<br><br>
For an current list of Federal and State Recognized Tribes, see [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_federally_recognized_tribes_by_state List of federally recognized tribes by state] and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State-recognized_tribes_in_the_United_States State-recognized tribes in the United States] at Wikipedia


=== Tribes Recognized by the Federal Government  ===
Arizona has 21 federally recognized tribes. Some sources count the [[Pueblo of Zuni]] as an Arizona tribe. However, the Pueblo of Zuni lands are primarily in New Mexico, with only a small portion in Arizona. If the Pueblo of Zuni is included there would be 22 tribes.<br>  
{|
|-
<ul class="column-spacing-halfscreen" style="padding-right:5px;">
<li>'''Ak-Chin Indian Community:''' [https://www.ak-chin.nsn.us/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Ak-Chin Indian Community|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Cocopah Indian Tribe:'''  [https://www.cocopah.com/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Cocopah Indian Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Colorado River Indian Tribes (CRIT):'''  [https://www.crit-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Colorado River Indian Tribes|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation:'''  [https://fmyn.org/ Official Tribe Website];  [[Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Fort Mojave Indian Tribe:'''  [https://www.fortmojaveindiantribe.com/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Fort Mojave Indian Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li> 
  <li>'''Fort Yuma Quechan Tribe Indian Tribe:'''  [https://www.quechantribe.com/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Fort Yuma Quechan Indian Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Gila River Indian Community:'''  [https://www.gilariver.org/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Gila River Indian Community|Research Wiki Article]]</li> 
<li>'''The Havasupai Tribe:'''  [https://theofficialhavasupaitribe.com/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Havasupai Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Hopi Tribe:'''  [https://www.hopi-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Hopi Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Hualapai Tribe:'''  [https://hualapai-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Hualapai Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Kaibab Band of Paiute Indians:'''  [https://www.kaibabpaiute-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Kaibab Band of Paiute Indians|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Navajo Nation:'''  [https://www.navajo-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Navajo Nation|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Pascua Yaqui Tribe:'''  [https://www.pascuayaqui-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Pascua Yaqui Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community:'''  [https://www.srpmic-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community|Research Wiki Article]]</li> 
<li>'''San Carlos Apache Tribe:'''  [https://www.scat-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[San Carlos Apache Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li> 
<li>'''San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe:'''  [https://www.sanjuanpaiute-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li> 
<li>'''Tohono O'odham Nation:'''  [https://www.tonation-nsn.gov/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Tohono O'odham Nation|Research Wiki Article]]</li> 
<li>'''Tonto Apache Tribe:'''  [https://itcaonline.com/member-tribes/tonto-apache-tribe/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Tonto Apache Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li> 
<li>'''White Mountain Apache Tribe:'''  [http://www.wmat.us/ Official Tribe Website]; [[White Mountain Apache Tribe|Research Wiki Article]]</li> 
<li>'''Yavapai-Apache Nation:'''  [https://yavapai-apache.org/ Official Tribe Website]; [[Yavapai-Apache Nation|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
<li>'''Yavapai-Prescott Nation:'''  [https://www.ypit.com/ Official Tribe Website];  [[Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)|Research Wiki Article]]</li>
</ul>
|}


=== Tribes Recognized by the State of Arizona  ===
The state is home to over 294,000 Native Americans. <ref>2010 Census Data, U.S. Census Bureau, http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/</ref> To learn how to get started with American Indian research, find research facilities, and American Indian websites [[American Indian Genealogy|click here]].  
There are currently no Tribes recognized by the State of Arizona.


=== Tribes Formally in Arizona ===
<br>


===Tribes Not Recognized or No Longer are Active in Arizona ===
== Current Federally Recognized Tribes ==


== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Arizona ==
A federally recognized tribe is an American Indian or Alaska Native tribal entity that is recognized as having a government-to-government relationship with the United States, with the responsibilities, powers, limitations, and obligations attached to that designation, and is eligible for funding and services from the Bureau of Indian Affairs.<ref>US Department of the Interior, Indian Affairs http://www.bia.gov/WhoWeAre/index.htm</ref> The following is a list of the currently federally recognized tribes in the State of Arizona:<ref>Economic Development Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona http://edrp.arid.arizona.edu/tribes.html</ref>. The list links go to the pages for the tribe as opposed to reservation links shown below.<br>
*See [[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs]] for more resources.


===Agency Records===
[[Ak-Chin Indian Community, Arizona (Tribe)]] <br>[[Yavapai-Apache Nation, Arizona (Tribe)|Yavapai-Apache Nation, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Navajo Nation, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Cocopah Indian Reservation, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Colorado River Indian Tribes, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[White Mountain Apache Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Fort Mojave Indian Tribe of Arizona, California & Nevada|Fort Mojave Indian Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Gila River Indian Community, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Havasupai Indian Reservation, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Hopi Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Hualapai Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Kaibab-Pauite Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)|Kaibab-Paiute Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Pascua Yaqui Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[San Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Tohono O’odham Nation, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Tonto Apache Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[Fort Yuma-Quechan Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>[[San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)]]<br>
[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs was charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters. The BIA agency for Arizona is the  [https://www.bia.gov/regional-offices/western Western Regional Office, BIA].<br>  
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]]  
*[[American Indian Annuity Rolls|Annuity rolls]]  
*[[American Indian Census Rolls|Census records]]  
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Correspondence]]  
*[[American Indian Health Records|Health records]]  
*[[American Indian Correspondence and Reports|Reports]]  
*[[American Indian School Records|School census and records]]  
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]


== Some Historical Tribes and Bands of Arizona  ==


The following is a list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Arizona has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FS Library {{FSC|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.  
The following list of American Indians who have lived in Arizona has been compiled from older sources, such as Hodge's ''Handbook of American Indians...''<ref>Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].</ref> and from Swanton's ''The Indian Tribes of North America''<ref>Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/arizona/index.htm Available online].</ref>. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe.<br><br>As you can see from the following list, some of the historical names of the tribes have changed and some are no longer in common usage:<br>See also [http://www.aaanativearts.com/tribes-by-states/arizona_tribes.htm Arizona Indian Tribes]


'''''Agencies in Arizona:'''''
*[[Apache Indians|Apache]]
{| style="width:70%; vertical-align:top;"
|-
|
<ul class="column-spacing-halfscreen" style="padding-right:5px;">
<li>[[Camp Apache Indian Agency (Arizona)|Camp Apache Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Camp Grant Indian Agency (Arizona)|Camp Grant Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Camp McDowell Indian Agency (Arizona)|Camp McDowell Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Camp Verde Indian Agency (Arizona)|Camp Verde Agency]]</li>
<li>[https://www.bia.gov/regional-offices/western/truxton-canon-agency Cannon Agency]</li>
<li>[[Chinle Indian Agency (Arizona)|Chinle Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Chiricahua Indian Agency (Arizona)|Chiricahua Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Colorado River Indian Agency (Arizona)|Colorado River Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Eastern Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Eastern Navajo Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Fort Apache Indian Agency (Arizona)|Fort Apache Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Fort Defiance Indian Agency|Fort Defiance Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Fort Mojave Indian Agency (Arizona)|Fort Mojave Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Fort Yuma Indian Agency (Arizona)|Fort Yuma Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Gila River Indian Agency (Arizona)|Gila River (Pima) Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Havasupai Indian Agency (Arizona)|Havasupai Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Hopi Indian Agency (Arizona)|Hopi Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Kaibab Indian Agency (Utah)|Kaibab Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Moqui Pueblo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Moqui Pueblo Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Navajo Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Navajo Service Indian Agency|Navajo Service]]</li>
<li>[[Northern Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Northern Navajo Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Papago Indian Agency (Arizona)|Papago Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Phoenix Indian Agency (Arizona)|Phoenix Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Pima Indian Agency (Arizona)|Pima Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Rio Verde Indian Agency (Arizona)|Rio Verde Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Salt River Indian Agency (Arizona)|Salt River Agency]]</li>
<li>[[San Carlos Apache Indian Agency (Arizona)|San Carlos Agency]]</li>
<li>[[San Xavier Indian Agency (Arizona)|San Xavier Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Sells Indian Agency (Arizona)|Sells Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Shiprock Indian Agency (New Mexico)|Shiprock Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Southern Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Southern Navajo Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Truxton Canyon Indian Agency (Arizona)|Truxton Canon Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Tuba City Indian Agency (Arizona)|Tuba City Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Tucson Indian Agency (Arizona)|Tucson Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Western Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Western Navajo Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Window Rock Area Office (Arizona)|Window Rock Area Office]]</li>
<li>Yuma Agency (see under Fort Yuma, above)</li>
</ul>
|}


== Reservations in Arizona ==
The individual Apache Tribes have the following websites"
*See [[Indigenous Peoples of the United States Reservations|Indigenous Peoples of the United States Reservations]] for more resources.


*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Indian_reservations_in_Arizona List of Indian reservations in Arizona, Wikipedia]
[http://www.sancarlosapache.com/home.htm Nnee-San Carlos Apache]<br>[http://www.ftmcdowell.org/ Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation]<br>[http://www.mescaleroapache.com/ Mescalero Nation]<br>[http://www.wmat.nsn.us/ White Mountain Apache Tribe]<br>[http://www.chiricahuaapache.org/ Chiricahua Apache Nde Nation]<br>[http://www.jicarillaonline.com/ Jicarilla Apache Nation]<br>[http://www.lipanapache.org/ Lipan Apache Tribe of Texas]<br>[http://www.ypit.com/ Yavapai Prescott Indian Tribe]<br>[http://yavapai-apache.org/ Yavapai-Apache Nation]<br>[http://www.itcaonline.com/tribes_tonto.html Tonto Apache Tribe]  
*[https://universitysecretary.arizona.edu/sites/default/files/native_peoples_of_arizona_-map_0.pdf Native Peoples of Arizona Comprehensive Map of Arizona Indian Reservations] University of Arizona


== Indian Censuses ==
----
*See [[United States Special Inquiries Relating to Indians|United States Special Inquiries Relating to Indians]] for more resources.
 
*See [[American Indian Census Rolls|American Indian Census Rolls]] for more resources.
The following websites contain information on the named individual tribes&nbsp;
 
*[[Cocopah Indians|Cocopah]]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halchidhoma Halchidhoma]
*[http://www.google.com/search?q=Halikwamai&rls=com.microsoft:en-us&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&startIndex=&startPage=1 Halyikwamai]
*[[Havasupai Indian Reservation, Arizona (Reservation)|Havasupai]]
*[[Hopi Indians|Hopi]]
*[[Hualapai Indians|Hualipai]] (Walapai)
*[http://www.fourdir.com/kohuana.htm Kohuana]
*[[Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community (Arizona)|Maricopa]]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohave Mohave]
*[[Navajo Indians|Navajo]]
*[[Pueblo Indians|Pueblo]]
*[[Paiute Indians|Paiute]]
*[[Papago Indians|Papago]]
*[[Pima Indians|Pima]]
*[http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/tribes/qindiantribes.htm Quahatika]
*[http://www.google.com/search?q=Sobaipuri&rls=com.microsoft:en-us&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&startIndex=&startPage=1 Sobaipuri]
*[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft%3Aen-us&q=Yuma+Indians&aq=f&aqi=g10&oq= Yuma]
*[[Zuni Indian Tribe, New Mexico|Zuni]]<br>
 
The following websites contain information on those groups defined as "bands" in the older sources:<br>
 
*[http://www.google.com/search?q=Mohave-Apache&rls=com.microsoft:en-us&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&startIndex=&startPage=1 Mohave-Apache]
*[[Pascua Yaqui Tribe of Arizona|Pascua-Yaqui]]
*[[Tonto Apache Tribe, Arizona|Tonto-Apache]]
*[[Yavapai-Apache Nation, Arizona|Yavapai-Apache]]
*[[Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe, Arizona|Yavapai-Prescott]]
 
Padre [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eusebio_Kino Eusebio Francisco Kino] was said to have visited the following tribes in the area now called Arizona:<br>
 
The tribes Father Kino met with are the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocopa Cocopa], Eudeve, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hia_C-ed_O%27odham Hia C-ed O'odham] (called Yumans by Kino), Kamia, Kavelchadon, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiliwa Kiliwa], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maricopa_people Maricopa], Mountain Pima, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opata_people Opata], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechan Quechan], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gila_River_Pima Gila River Pima], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seri_people Seri], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tohono_O%27odham Tohono O'odham], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sobaipuri Sobaipuri], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Apache Western Apache], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yavapai_people Yavapai], and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaqui_people Yaqui] (Yoeme).
 
== About Reservations  ==
 
{{wikipedia|Indian Reservation|Indian Reservation}}
 
There is a clear distinction between the Indian Tribes and the Indian Reservation System. A federal Indian reservation is an area of land reserved for a tribe or tribes under treaty or other agreement with the United States, executive order, or federal statute or administrative action as permanent tribal homelands, and where the federal government holds title to the land in trust on behalf of the tribe.<ref>US Department of The Interior, Indian Affairs http://www.bia.gov/FAQs/index.htm</ref>
 
From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.
 
Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.
 
The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether. Compiling a list of reservations is difficult because several reservations extend into more than one state. <br>
 
The State of Arizona does not tax Indian lands and Indian owned property on reservations. Incomes of Indians residing on reservations are not taxed by the State if wholly derived from reservation sources. The Federal Government does not exempt individual Indians from income or other federal taxes. Indian people of Arizona are also exempt from state and local sales taxes on consumer goods purchased on the reservation, unless such taxes are imposed by the tribal government. However, the State of Arizona collects taxes from reservation residents on sales of gasoline, electricity, natural gas, and telephone service.<ref>http://www.azcommerce.com/SiteSel/Profiles/INDIAN+COMMUNITY+PROFILES.htm</ref><br>
 
Reservation Map - [http://nationalatlas.gov/printable/printableViewer.htm?imgF=images/preview/fedlands/AZ.gif&imgW=588&imgH=450 Arizona - Indian Reservations ]- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations. by the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Geological Survey.
 
[http://www.epa.gov/region9/air/maps/az_tribe.html Arizona Tribal Lands and Reservations]. EPA. United States Enviromental Protection Agency
 
[http://alliance.la.asu.edu/maps/AZ-RES3.PDF Arizona's Indian Reservations Map]. by Arizona Geographic Alliance
 
[http://edrp.arid.arizona.edu/tribes.html Arizona's Native American Tribes ]by Economic Development Research Program, The University of Arizona.
 
BIA Reservation map Wester Region: [http://www.bia.gov/cs/groups/mywcsp/documents/stillimage/idc012635.pdf Arizona], Nevada and Utah<br>
 
=== Current List of Reservations:  ===
 
*[[Ak-Chin Indian Community, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Yavapai-Apache Nation, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Navajo Nation, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Cocopah Indian Reservation, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Colorado River Indian Tribes, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Fort Apache Indian Reservation, White Mountain Apache Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Fort Mojave Indian Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Gila River Indian Community, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Havasupai Indian Reservation, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Hopi Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Hualapai Tribal Nation, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Kaibab-Paiute Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Pascua Yaqui Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Papago Reservation, Arizona|Papago Reservation, Arizona]]
*[[Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[San Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Tohono O'odham Nation, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Tonto Apache Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[Fort Yuma-Quechan Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
*[[San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe, Arizona (Reservation)]]
 
== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs  ==
 
[[Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs|Agencies]] and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]] and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.
 
The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Arizona has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library {{FHL|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL {{FHL|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.
 
A brief history of each agency and an explanation of the availability of at least some records for each are listed on the page for the agency.
 
*[[Camp Apache Indian Agency (Arizona)|Camp Apache Agency]]
*[[Camp Grant Indian Agency (Arizona)|Camp Grant Agency]],
*[[Camp McDowell Indian Agency (Arizona)|Camp McDowell Agency]]
*[[Camp Verde Indian Agency (Arizona)|Camp Verde Agency]]
*[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&rls=com.microsoft%3Aen-us&q=Cannon+Indian+agency&aq=f&aqi=&oq= Cannon Agency],
*[[Chinle Indian Agency (Arizona)|Chinle Agency]],
*[[Chiricahua Indian Agency (Arizona)|Chiricahua Agency]]
*[[Colorado River Indian Agency (Arizona)|Colorado River Agency]], Rt. 1, Box 9-C, Parker, AZ 85344
*[[Eastern Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Eastern Navajo Agency]]
*[[Fort Apache Indian Agency (Arizona)|Fort Apache Agency]], P.O. Box 560, Whiteriver, AZ 85941
*[[Fort Defiance Indian Agency|Fort Defiance Agency]]
*[[Fort Mojave Indian Agency (Arizona)|Fort Mojave Agency]]
*[[Fort Yuma Indian Agency (Arizona)|Fort Yuma Agency]], P.O. Box 1591, Yuma, AZ 85364
*[[Gila River Indian Agency (Arizona)|Gila River (Pima) Agency]] , P.O. Box 8, Sacaton, AZ 85247
*[[Havasupai Indian Agency (Arizona)|Havasupai Agency]]
*[[Hopi Indian Agency (Arizona)|Hopi Agency]]
*[[Kaibab Indian Agency (Utah)|Kaibab Agency]]
*[[Moqui Pueblo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Moqui Pueblo Agency]],
*[[Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Navajo Agency]]
*[[Navajo Service Indian Agency|Navajo Service]]
*[[Northern Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Northern Navajo Agency]]
*[[Papago Indian Agency (Arizona)|Papago Agency]], P.O. Box 578, Sells, AZ 85634
*[[Phoenix Indian Agency (Arizona)|Phoenix Agency]]
*[[Pima Indian Agency (Arizona)|Pima Agency]], P.O. Box 8, Sacaton, AZ 85247
*[[Rio Verde Indian Agency (Arizona)|Rio Verde Agency]]
*[[Salt River Indian Agency (Arizona)|Salt River Agency]], Rt. 1, P.O.Box117, Scottsdale, AZ
*[[San Carlos Apache Indian Agency (Arizona)|San Carlos Agency]] , P.O. Box 209, San Carlos, AZ 85550
*[[San Xavier Indian Agency (Arizona)|San Xavier Agency]]
*[[Sells Indian Agency (Arizona)|Sells Agency]]
*[[Shiprock Indian Agency (New Mexico)|Shiprock Agency]] (see under New Mexico)
*[[Southern Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Southern Navajo Agency]]
*[[Truxton Canyon Indian Agency (Arizona)|Truxton Canon Agency]], Valentine, AZ 86437
*[[Tuba City Indian Agency (Arizona)|Tuba City Agency]]
*[[Tucson Indian Agency (Arizona)|Tucson Agency]]
*[[Western Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Western Navajo Agency]]
*[[Window Rock Area Office (Arizona)|Window Rock Area Office]]
*Yuma Agency (see under Fort Yuma, above)
 
== Indian Schools  ==
 
The Office of Indian Affairs (now the [[Bureau of Indian Affairs|Bureau of Indian Affairs]]) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on Indian children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools which served Indian children from a number of tribes and reservations.
 
In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on American Indian children. ([[American Indian School Records|read more...]])
 
The following list of Indian Schools in Washington has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library {{FHL|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL {{FHL|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.
 
Many school records are included in the agency records.
 
*[[Camp McDowell Indian School (Arizona)|Camp McDowell School]] (1913 changed to Salt River)
*[[Camp Verde Indian School (Arizona)|Camp Verde School]]
*[[Chinle Indian Boarding School (Arizona)|Chinle Boarding School]]
*[[Cottonwood Indian Day School (Arizona)|Cottonwood Day School]] 1968-1989 under the [[Chinle Indian Agency (Arizona)|Chinle Subagency]] (records National Archives at Riverside)
*[[Fort Yuma Indian Boarding School (California)|Fort Yuma Boarding School]]
*[[Havasupai Indian School (Arizona)|Havasupai School]]
*[[Holbrook Indian School (Arizona)|Holbrook School]]
*Hopi Agency, School records 1937 census , 1950-51 enrollment.(Family History Library {{FHL|233482|title-id|disp=film 1249787 items 1 and 2}}.)
*[[Kaibab Indian School (Arizona)|Kaibab School]]
*Navajo Extension
*Navajo training School 1895-1922 under the [[Navajo Indian Agency (Arizona)|Navajo Agency]] (National Archives at Riverside)
*[[Phoenix Indian School (Arizona)|Phoenix School]] 1891-1990 (National Archives at Riverside)&nbsp;
*Pima Agency, School records, 1903-1938. (Family History Library {{FHL|232826|title-id|disp=film 1249794 Items 3-4}}.)
*[[Pinon Indian Boarding School (Arizona)|Pinon Boarding School]]
*[[Rice Station Indian School (Arizona)|Rice Station School]]
*[[San Xavier Indian School (Arizona)|San Xavier School]]
*[[Theodore Roosevelt Indian School (Arizona)|Theodore Roosevelt School]] 1927-1939 under the [[Fort Apache Indian Agency (Arizona)|Fort Apache Indian Agency]] (National Archives at Riverside)
*[[Western Navajo Indian School (Arizona)|Western Navajo School]]
 
== Indian Health Agencies  ==


== Indian Health Agencies in Arizona ==
*[[Kayenta Sanatorium (Arizona)|Kayenta Sanatorium]]  
*[[Kayenta Sanatorium (Arizona)|Kayenta Sanatorium]]  
*[[Phoenix Sanatorium (Arizona)|Phoenix Sanatorium]]  
*[[Phoenix Sanatorium (Arizona)|Phoenix Sanatorium]]  
Line 127: Line 193:
*[[Winslow Sanatorium (Arizona)|Winslow Sanatorium]]
*[[Winslow Sanatorium (Arizona)|Winslow Sanatorium]]


== Arizona Indian Schools ==
== Other Repositories  ==
 
*Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
*Arizona Commission of Indian Affairs, 1645 W. Jefferson, Suite 201, Phoenix, AZ 85007
*Intertribal Council of Arizona, 124 W. Thomas Road Suite 201, Phoenix, AZ 85013
 
=== Labriola National American Indian Data Center  ===


*See [[Indigenous Peoples of the United States School Records|Indigenous Peoples of the United States School Records]] for more resources.
:The [http://lib.asu.edu/labriola Labriola National American Indian Data Center] is a research collection with current and historic information on government, culture, religion and world view, social life and customs, tribal history, and information on individuals from the United States, Canada, Sonora, and Chihuahua, Mexico.


'''''Arizona Indian Schools Currently Open:'''''
:The Labriola Center is located on the second floor of Hayden Library on the Arizona State University Tempe campus.
{| style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;"
|-
|
<ul class="column-spacing-halfscreen" style="padding-right:5px;">
<li>[https://www.nativeconnections.org/community-development/phoenix-indian-school-visitor-center Phoenix Indian School Visitor Center]</li>
<li>[https://nativeamericanchristianacademy.org/ Native American Christian Academy]</li>
<li>[https://www.holbrookindianschool.org/ Holbrook Indian School]</li>
<li>[https://stmichaelindianschool.org/ St. Michael Indian School]</li>
<li>[https://spimcs.org/ St. Peter Indian Mission Catholic School]</li>
<li>[https://theodorerooseveltschool.net/ Theodore Roosevelt School]</li>
<li>[http://bwcs.k12.az.us/index.html Blackwater Community School]</li>
<li>[https://www.chinleusd.k12.az.us/# Chinle Unified School District No. 24]</li>
<li>[http://pcswarriors.com/ Pinon Community School]</li>
</ul>
|}


=== Northern Arizona University, Cline Library, Special Collections  ===


'''''Historical Arizona Schools:'''''
:The Cline Library may have the largest collection of material on Indians of northern Arizona. Check the library catalog at [http://library.nau.edu/ Cline Library Home].
The following list of Indian Schools in Washington has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (FamilySearch Library {{FSC|247426|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551o}}.)</ref>, Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FS Library {{FSC|207428|title-id|disp=book 970.1 H551g}}.)</ref>, and others.  
{| style="width:100%; vertical-align:top;"
|-
|
<ul class="column-spacing-halfscreen" style="padding-right:5px;">
<li>[[Camp McDowell Indian School (Arizona)|Camp McDowell School]] (1913 changed to Salt River)</li>
<li>[[Camp Verde Indian School (Arizona)|Camp Verde School]]</li>
<li>[[Chinle Indian Boarding School (Arizona)|Chinle Boarding School]]</li>
<li>[[Cottonwood Indian Day School (Arizona)|Cottonwood Day School]]</li>
<li>[[Fort Yuma Indian Boarding School (California)|Fort Yuma Boarding School]]</li>
<li>[[Havasupai Indian School (Arizona)|Havasupai School]]</li>
<li>[[Holbrook Indian School (Arizona)|Holbrook School]]</li>
<li>[[Hopi_Indian_Agency_(Arizona)#Records|Hopi Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Kaibab Indian School (Arizona)|Kaibab School]]</li>
<li>[[Navajo_Indian_Agency#Records|Navajo Extension]]</li>
<li>[[Navajo_Indian_Agency#Records|Navajo training School]]</li>
<li>[[Phoenix Indian School (Arizona)|Phoenix School]]</li>
<li>[[Pima Indian Agency (Arizona)|Pima Agency]]</li>
<li>[[Pinon Indian Boarding School (Arizona)|Pinon Boarding School]]</li>
<li>[[Rice Station Indian School (Arizona)|Rice Station School]]</li>
<li>[[San Xavier Indian School (Arizona)|San Xavier School]]</li>
<li>[[Theodore Roosevelt Indian School (Arizona)|Theodore Roosevelt School]]</li>
<li>[[Western Navajo Indian School (Arizona)|Western Navajo School]]</li>
</ul>
|}


==Land Allotment Records==
== The Doris Duke American Indian Oral History Project  ==
*See [[Indigenous Peoples of the United States School Records|Indigenous Peoples of the United States School Records]] for more resources.


==Arizona Map of Indian Lands==
From 1966 to 1972, several universities conducted oral history interviews with Native Americans. The project was funded by Doris Duke, heiress of the Duke tobacco family. The University of Oklahoma was one of the universities that participated in the project. [http://digital.libraries.ou.edu/whc/duke/ Transcripts]] of those interviews are online through the University of Oklahoma in Norman. See [[American Indian Oral Histories]]  
*See [[Indigenous Peoples of the United States Maps|Indigenous Peoples of the United States Maps]] for more resources.


*[https://www.familysearch.org/en/wiki/img_auth.php/4/4e/National%2BAtlas%2BMap%2Bof%2BArizona.pdf Federal Lands and Indian Reservations, Arizona] FamilySearch.org
== Maps  ==
*[https://www.azed.gov/sites/default/files/2021/03/Tribal%20Boundaries%20%26%20Affected%20LEAs.pdf Arizona Tribal Boundary Map PDF]
*[http://www.kstrom.net/isk/maps/az/azmap.html Arizona Indian Reservations and Tribal addresses]


== Missions in Arizona  ==
*[http://www.epa.gov/region09/air/maps/images/mapr9_lg.jpg Map of Indian Lands: Region 9 -- Reservations, Rancherias, Colonies...] EPA map, Feb. 2000
Missions were established by religious denominations to serve the Indians.<br>
<br>
'''Bureau of Catholic Indian Missions Records'''<br>
Special Collections and Archives<br>
Raynor Memorial Libraries<br>
Marquette University<br>
1355 W. Wisconsin Avenue<br>
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233<br>
P.O. Box 3141<br>
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201-3141<br>
[https://www.marquette.edu/library/archives/general.php Website]


==Other Resources==
== Family History Library  ==
*[http://itcaonline.com/?page_id=8 Inter-Tribal Council of Arizona]
 
*[[Wick R. Miller Papers]] Research Wiki Article
Histories of Arizona Indians are listed in the FamilySearch Catalog under '''ARIZONA - MINORITIES''', as well as under [https://familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titlehitlist&columns=*%2C0%2C0&keyword=Arizona+Native+Races&prekeyword=Arizona+Native+Races '''ARIZONA - NATIVE RACES''']. Other records of American Indians are listed in the Subject Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under the names of the tribes. <br>For a complete list of available records utilize the FamilySearch Catalog....search by Tribe and locality
*[http://www.nps.gov/nagpra/INDEX.HTM The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA)]
 
*Records of the Arizona Superintendency (M 0734). (on eight Family History Library films starting with {{FHL|449435|title-id|disp=1694796}}.)
 
== See Also  ==


== Arizona Native Americans Historical Background ==
*[[United_States_Indigenous_Peoples_For_Further_Reading|For Further Reading of Native Americans]]
*[[Arizona Church Records|Arizona Church]]-- a list of missions is given.  
*[[Arizona Church Records|Arizona Church]]-- a list of missions is given.  
*[[Arizona History|Arizona History]] -- the calendar of events has dates of importance to American Indians.  
*[[Arizona History|Arizona History]] -- the calendar of events has dates of importance to American Indians.  
*[[Arizona Military Records|Arizona Military]] -- a list of forts is given.
*[[Arizona Military Records|Arizona Military]] -- a list of forts is given.
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Arizona Indigenous peoples of Arizona] at Wikipedia
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_North_American_Southwest Indigenous peoples of the North American Southwest] at Wikipedia


==Repositories==
=== Links:  ===
===Archives===
 
'''National Archives at Washington, D.C., Archives I'''<br>
*[http://www.kstrom.net/isk/maps/az/azmap.html Arizona Indian Reservations and Tribal addresses]  
Pennsylvania Avenue at 8th Street, NW<br>Washington, D.C. 20408<br>Telephone: 202-501-5415<br>Fax: 301-713-6740<br>Email: [http://www.archives.gov/contact/inquire-form.html Contact Us]<br>[https://www.archives.gov/digitization/digitized-by-partners Digitized Records]<br>[http://www.nara.gov/ Website]<br>[[National Archives and Records Administration|Research Wiki Article]]
*[http://www.franke.nau.edu/caied/index.asp Northern Arizona University, Center for American Indian Economic Development]  
:*[https://www.archives.gov/research/native-americans/MERGE-11-4-10with-contentindex.html Native American Records at the National Archives]
*[http://www.nps.gov/nagpra/INDEX.HTM The Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA)]  
:*[https://www.archives.gov/research/native-americans American Indian and Alaska Native Records in the National Archives] - guide to records relating to Native Americans in the United States
*[http://www.azcommerce.com/SiteSel/Profiles/INDIAN+COMMUNITY+PROFILES.htm Community and Regional Profiles]  
:*[https://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA), Record Group 75, 1793-1989] - description of records in RG 75
*[[Wick R. Miller Papers]]
:*''American Indians: A Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications''. Washington DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, National Archives and Records Administration, 1998.
 
:*''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians,'' Edward E. Hill, comp. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. {{FSC|207428|item|disp=FS Catalog book 970.1 H551g}}<br>
== [http://www.doi.gov/bia/ Bureau of Indian Affairs] ==
:*[https://www.archives.gov/files/research/native-americans/communities/desertsouthwest-nativecommunities-guide.pdf Native Communities Research Guide for Arizona] at National Archives
 
<br>
The Family History Library has microfilm copies of Bureau of Indian Affairs records, such as pre-1940 census, school, and vital records, for a few agencies, including the Fort Apache, Pima, and Yuma. The original documents are at the National Archives— Pacific Region (Laguna Niguel)
'''National Archives at Riverside'''
23123 Cajalco Road <br>Perris, CA 92570<br>Phone: 951-956-2000 <br>Email: [mailto:riverside.archives@nara.gov riverside.archives@nara.gov]<br>[http://www.archives.gov/pacific/riverside/ Website]<br>[[National Archives at Riverside|Research Wiki Article]]
:*Records include: California Indian enrollments and records of the Five Civilized Tribes
:*[https://www.archives.gov/research/native-americans/bia-guide/arizona Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Records: Arizona]
<br>
'''National Archives at Denver'''<br>17101 Huron Street<br>Broomfield, CO 80023<br>Phone: 303-604-4740<br>[mailto:denver.archives@nara.gov denver.archives@nara.gov]<br>[http://www.archives.gov/denver/ Website]<br>[[National Archives at Denver|Research Wiki Article]] 
:*[https://www.archives.gov/research/native-americans/bia-guide/arizona Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Records: Arizona]
<br>
'''National Archives at Seattle'''<br>6125 Sand Point Way, NE <br>Seattle, WA 98115-7999 <br>Phone: 206-336-5132<br>Email: [mailto:seattle.archives@nara.gov seattle.archives@nara.gov]<br>[https://www.archives.gov/seattle Website]<br>[[National Archives at Seattle|Research Wiki Article]]
:*[https://www.archives.gov/research/native-americans/bia-guide/arizona Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) Records: Arizona]
<br>
'''Labriola National American Indian Data Center'''<br>
:*The [http://lib.asu.edu/labriola Labriola National American Indian Data Center] is a research collection with current and historic information on government, culture, religion and world view, social life and customs, tribal history, and information on individuals from the United States, Canada, Sonora, and Chihuahua, Mexico.
:*The Labriola Center is located on the second floor of Hayden Library on the Arizona State University Tempe campus.


===Libraries===
*[http://www.archives.gov/pacific/riverside/ National Archives— Pacific Region] (Laguna Niguel)
'''Northern Arizona University, Cline Library, Special Collections'''<br>
:*The Cline Library may have the largest collection of material on Indians of northern Arizona. Check the library catalog at [http://library.nau.edu/ Cline Library Home].


<br>
=== References  ===
'''University of Oklahoma - The Doris Duke American Indian Oral History Project'''<br>
:From 1966 to 1972, several universities conducted oral history interviews with Native Americans. The project was funded by Doris Duke, heiress of the Duke tobacco family. The University of Oklahoma was one of the universities that participated in the project. [http://digital.libraries.ou.edu/whc/duke/ Transcripts] of those interviews are online through the University of Oklahoma in Norman. See [[Indigenous Peoples of the United States Oral Histories]]


===Museums===
==== Bibliography  ====
*'''The Museum of Northern Arizona'''<br>3101 N Fort Valley Rd<br>Flagstaff, AZ 86001<br>[https://musnaz.org/?gad_source=1&gclid=Cj0KCQjwh_i_BhCzARIsANimeoEZP3H037x6UkKP-T4vkbWP01uYVclAEPswGCksWW0iYxmMQZ5dBOUaAuWgEALw_wcB Website]
 
See the [http://www.ebscohost.com/government/bibliography-of-native-north-americans Bibliography of Native North Americans] an online resource available at many libraries. This is a product of [http://www.ebscohost.com/ EBSCO Publishing]. <br>
 
*Dutton, Bertha P. American Indians of the Southwest. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, 1983. {{WorldCat|424863732}}
*"Accompanying Pamphlet for Microcopy 1011", National Archives Microfilm Publications, Appendix.
*''American Indians: A Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications''. Washington DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, National Archives and Records Administration, 1998.
*[http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75], Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
*Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981.
*Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches''. New York, New York: Clearwater Publishing Company, Inc., 1974.
*''Historical Sketches for Jurisdictional and Subject Headings Used for the Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880''. National Archives Microcopy T1105.
*Hodge, Frederick Webb. ''Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico''. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/handbook_american_indians.htm Available online].
*Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. ''Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America''. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.
*Klein, Barry T., ed. ''Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian''. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/317923332?referer=list_view WorldCat 317923332]; {{FHL|1122745|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 R259e}}.
*Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. [http://www.worldcat.org/search?q=no:037475188 WorldCat 37475188]; {{FHL|831087|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 G131g}}.
 
:Vol. 1 -- Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean
:Vol. 2 -- Great Basin, Southwest, Middle America
:Vol. 3 -- Arctic, Subarctic, Great Plains, Plateau
:Vol. 4 -- California, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Islands
 
*Wick R. Miller. Miller, Wick R. 1931. The Wick Miller Papers (1931-1994) contain correspondence, research files, field notes, word lists, notebooks, articles and reprints, pamphlets, maps, class syllabi, tests and assignments, student papers, and manuscripts. Wick Miller (1932-1994) was an anthropological linguist and pioneer in language acquisition studies.{{WorldCat|447297763}} [[Wick R. Miller Papers]]
*National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations [http://www.nationalatlas.gov/printable/images/pdf/fedlands/AZ.pdf Available online].
*''Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~texlance/records/bia(dc)intro.htm Available online]
*Sturtevant, William C. ''Handbook of North American Indians''. 20 vols., some not yet published. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978– .
 
:Volume 1 -- Not yet published
:Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/234303751&referer=brief_results WorldCat 234303751]<br>
:Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/255572371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 255572371]<br>
:Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/19331914&referer=brief_results WorldCat 19331914]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4}}.<br>
:Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/299653808&referer=brief_results WorldCat 299653808]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5}}.<br>
:Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493742&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493742]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6}}.<br>
:Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247493311&referer=brief_results WorldCat 247493311]<br>
:Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13240086&referer=brief_results WorldCat 13240086]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8}}.<br>
:Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/26140053&referer=brief_results WorldCat 26140053]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9}}.<br>
:Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/301504096&referer=brief_results WorldCat 301504096]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10}}.
:Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256516416&referer=brief_results WorldCat 256516416]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11}}.<br>  
:Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39401371&referer=brief_results WorldCat 39401371]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12}}.<br>  
:Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48209643&referer=brief_results WorldCat 48209643]<br>  
:Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/254277176&referer=brief_results WorldCat 254277176]
:Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/256517503&referer=brief_results WorldCat 356517503]; {{FHL|248632|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15}}.<br>
:Volume 16 -- Not yet published
:Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/43957746&referer=brief_results WorldCat 43957746]<br>
:Volume 18 -- Not yet published
:Volume 19 -- Not yet published
:Volume 20 -- Not yet published
 
*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/arizona/index.htm Available online].
*Waldman, Carl. ''Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes''. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/14718193?referer=list_view WorldCat 14718193]; {{FHL|1465222|title-id|disp=FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006}}.
*Weaver, Thomas, and Emil W. Haury. Indians of Arizona: A Contemporary Perspective. Tucson, Ariz: University of Arizona Press, 1974. {{FHL|970.1 W379i}} {{WorldCat|834949}}


==References==
{{reflist}}  
{{reflist}}  


[[Category:Indigenous Tribes of Arizona]] [[Category:Indigenous Tribes of the United States]] [[Category:Arizona Cultural Groups]]
{{American Indian}} {{Arizona}}
 
[[Category:Arizona]] [[Category:Maps]] [[Category:PDF_files]] [[Category:Indians_of_the_United_States]]

Revision as of 22:16, 29 January 2015

United States Gotoarrow.png Arizona Gotoarrow.png American Indian Genealogy Gotoarrow.png Indians of Arizona

To get started in American Indian Research 

Click here for a map of Federal Lands and Indian Reservations

Arizona has 21 federally recognized tribes. Some sources count the Pueblo of Zuni as an Arizona tribe. However, the Pueblo of Zuni lands are primarily in New Mexico, with only a small portion in Arizona. If the Pueblo of Zuni is included there would be 22 tribes.

The state is home to over 294,000 Native Americans. [1] To learn how to get started with American Indian research, find research facilities, and American Indian websites click here.


Current Federally Recognized Tribes[edit | edit source]

A federally recognized tribe is an American Indian or Alaska Native tribal entity that is recognized as having a government-to-government relationship with the United States, with the responsibilities, powers, limitations, and obligations attached to that designation, and is eligible for funding and services from the Bureau of Indian Affairs.[2] The following is a list of the currently federally recognized tribes in the State of Arizona:[3]. The list links go to the pages for the tribe as opposed to reservation links shown below.

Ak-Chin Indian Community, Arizona (Tribe)
Yavapai-Apache Nation, Arizona (Tribe)
Navajo Nation, Arizona (Tribe)
Cocopah Indian Reservation, Arizona (Tribe)
Colorado River Indian Tribes, Arizona (Tribe)
White Mountain Apache Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation, Arizona (Tribe)
Fort Mojave Indian Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
Gila River Indian Community, Arizona (Tribe)
Havasupai Indian Reservation, Arizona (Tribe)
Hopi Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
Hualapai Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
Kaibab-Paiute Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
Pascua Yaqui Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Arizona (Tribe)
San Carlos Apache Reservation, Arizona (Tribe)
Tohono O’odham Nation, Arizona (Tribe)
Tonto Apache Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
Yavapai-Prescott Indian Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
Fort Yuma-Quechan Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)
San Juan Southern Paiute Tribe, Arizona (Tribe)

Some Historical Tribes and Bands of Arizona[edit | edit source]

The following list of American Indians who have lived in Arizona has been compiled from older sources, such as Hodge's Handbook of American Indians...[4] and from Swanton's The Indian Tribes of North America[5]. Some may simply be variant spellings for the same tribe.

As you can see from the following list, some of the historical names of the tribes have changed and some are no longer in common usage:
See also Arizona Indian Tribes

The individual Apache Tribes have the following websites"

Nnee-San Carlos Apache
Fort McDowell Yavapai Nation
Mescalero Nation
White Mountain Apache Tribe
Chiricahua Apache Nde Nation
Jicarilla Apache Nation
Lipan Apache Tribe of Texas
Yavapai Prescott Indian Tribe
Yavapai-Apache Nation
Tonto Apache Tribe

The following websites contain information on the named individual tribes 

The following websites contain information on those groups defined as "bands" in the older sources:

Padre Eusebio Francisco Kino was said to have visited the following tribes in the area now called Arizona:

The tribes Father Kino met with are the Cocopa, Eudeve, Hia C-ed O'odham (called Yumans by Kino), Kamia, Kavelchadon, Kiliwa, Maricopa, Mountain Pima, Opata, Quechan, Gila River Pima, Seri, Tohono O'odham, Sobaipuri, Western Apache, Yavapai, and the Yaqui (Yoeme).

About Reservations[edit | edit source]

 Wikipedia has more about this subject: Indian Reservation

There is a clear distinction between the Indian Tribes and the Indian Reservation System. A federal Indian reservation is an area of land reserved for a tribe or tribes under treaty or other agreement with the United States, executive order, or federal statute or administrative action as permanent tribal homelands, and where the federal government holds title to the land in trust on behalf of the tribe.[6]

From the mid-1800s, the official policy of the United States government toward the American Indian was to confine each tribe to a specific parcel of land called a reservation. Agencies were established on or near each reservation. A government representative, usually called an agent (or superintendent) was assigned to each agency. Their duties included maintaining the peace, making payments to the Native Americans based on the stipulations of the treaties with each tribe, and providing a means of communication between the native population and the federal government.

Sometimes, a single agency had jurisdiction over more than one reservation. And sometimes, if the tribal population and land area required it, an agency may have included sub-agencies.

The boundaries of reservations, over time, have changed. Usually, that means the reservations have been reduced in size. Sometimes, especially during the later policy of "termination," the official status of reservations was ended altogether. Compiling a list of reservations is difficult because several reservations extend into more than one state.

The State of Arizona does not tax Indian lands and Indian owned property on reservations. Incomes of Indians residing on reservations are not taxed by the State if wholly derived from reservation sources. The Federal Government does not exempt individual Indians from income or other federal taxes. Indian people of Arizona are also exempt from state and local sales taxes on consumer goods purchased on the reservation, unless such taxes are imposed by the tribal government. However, the State of Arizona collects taxes from reservation residents on sales of gasoline, electricity, natural gas, and telephone service.[7]

Reservation Map - Arizona - Indian Reservations - Federal Lands and Indian Reservations. by the U.S. Department of Interior and U.S. Geological Survey.

Arizona Tribal Lands and Reservations. EPA. United States Enviromental Protection Agency

Arizona's Indian Reservations Map. by Arizona Geographic Alliance

Arizona's Native American Tribes by Economic Development Research Program, The University of Arizona.

BIA Reservation map Wester Region: Arizona, Nevada and Utah

Current List of Reservations:[edit | edit source]

Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs[edit | edit source]

Agencies and subagencies were created as administrative offices of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and its predecessors. Their purpose was (and is) to manage Indian affairs with the tribes, to enforce policies, and to assist in maintaining the peace. The names and location of these agencies may have changed, but their purpose remained basically the same. Many of the records of genealogical value were created by these offices.

The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Arizona has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...[8], Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians[9], and others.

A brief history of each agency and an explanation of the availability of at least some records for each are listed on the page for the agency.

Indian Schools[edit | edit source]

The Office of Indian Affairs (now the Bureau of Indian Affairs) established a network of schools throughout the United States, beginning with Carlisle Indian School, established in 1879. Some of these schools were day schools, usually focusing on Indian children of a single tribe or reservation. Some were boarding schools which served Indian children from a number of tribes and reservations.

In addition, other groups such as various church denominations established schools specifically focusing on American Indian children. (read more...)

The following list of Indian Schools in Washington has been compiled from Hill's Office of Indian Affairs...[10], Hill's Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians[11], and others.

Many school records are included in the agency records.

Indian Health Agencies[edit | edit source]

Other Repositories[edit | edit source]

  • Arizona State Museum, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
  • Arizona Commission of Indian Affairs, 1645 W. Jefferson, Suite 201, Phoenix, AZ 85007
  • Intertribal Council of Arizona, 124 W. Thomas Road Suite 201, Phoenix, AZ 85013

Labriola National American Indian Data Center[edit | edit source]

The Labriola National American Indian Data Center is a research collection with current and historic information on government, culture, religion and world view, social life and customs, tribal history, and information on individuals from the United States, Canada, Sonora, and Chihuahua, Mexico.
The Labriola Center is located on the second floor of Hayden Library on the Arizona State University Tempe campus.

Northern Arizona University, Cline Library, Special Collections[edit | edit source]

The Cline Library may have the largest collection of material on Indians of northern Arizona. Check the library catalog at Cline Library Home.

The Doris Duke American Indian Oral History Project[edit | edit source]

From 1966 to 1972, several universities conducted oral history interviews with Native Americans. The project was funded by Doris Duke, heiress of the Duke tobacco family. The University of Oklahoma was one of the universities that participated in the project. Transcripts] of those interviews are online through the University of Oklahoma in Norman. See American Indian Oral Histories

Maps[edit | edit source]

Family History Library[edit | edit source]

Histories of Arizona Indians are listed in the FamilySearch Catalog under ARIZONA - MINORITIES, as well as under ARIZONA - NATIVE RACES. Other records of American Indians are listed in the Subject Search of the FamilySearch Catalog under the names of the tribes.
For a complete list of available records utilize the FamilySearch Catalog....search by Tribe and locality

  • Records of the Arizona Superintendency (M 0734). (on eight Family History Library films starting with 1694796.)

See Also[edit | edit source]

Links:[edit | edit source]

Bureau of Indian Affairs[edit | edit source]

The Family History Library has microfilm copies of Bureau of Indian Affairs records, such as pre-1940 census, school, and vital records, for a few agencies, including the Fort Apache, Pima, and Yuma. The original documents are at the National Archives— Pacific Region (Laguna Niguel)

References[edit | edit source]

Bibliography[edit | edit source]

See the Bibliography of Native North Americans an online resource available at many libraries. This is a product of EBSCO Publishing.

  • Dutton, Bertha P. American Indians of the Southwest. University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, 1983. WorldCat 424863732
  • "Accompanying Pamphlet for Microcopy 1011", National Archives Microfilm Publications, Appendix.
  • American Indians: A Select Catalog of National Archives Microfilm Publications. Washington DC: National Archives Trust Fund Board, National Archives and Records Administration, 1998.
  • Guide to Federal Records in the National Archives; Record Group 75, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
  • Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981.
  • Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches. New York, New York: Clearwater Publishing Company, Inc., 1974.
  • Historical Sketches for Jurisdictional and Subject Headings Used for the Letters Received by the Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880. National Archives Microcopy T1105.
  • Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. Available online.
  • Isaacs. Katherine M., editor. Omni Gazetteer of the United States of America. U.S. Data Sourcebook, Volume 11 Appendices, Bureau of Indian Affairs List of American Indian Reservations, Appendix E, Indian Reservations. Omnigraphics, Inc., 1991.
  • Klein, Barry T., ed. Reference Encyclopedia of the American Indian. Nyack, New York: Todd Publications, 2009. 10th ed. WorldCat 317923332; FHL book 970.1 R259e.
  • Malinowski, Sharon and Sheets, Anna, eds. The Gale Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. Detroit: Gale Publishing, 1998. 4 volumes. Includes: Lists of Federally Recognized Tribes for U.S., Alaska, and Canada – pp. 513-529 Alphabetical Listing of Tribes, with reference to volume and page in this series Map of “Historic Locations of U.S. Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Canadian Native Groups” Map of “Historic Locations of Mexican, Hawaiian and Caribbean Native Groups” Maps of “State and Federally Recognized U.S. Indian Reservations. WorldCat 37475188; FHL book 970.1 G131g.
Vol. 1 -- Northeast, Southeast, Caribbean
Vol. 2 -- Great Basin, Southwest, Middle America
Vol. 3 -- Arctic, Subarctic, Great Plains, Plateau
Vol. 4 -- California, Pacific Northwest, Pacific Islands
  • Wick R. Miller. Miller, Wick R. 1931. The Wick Miller Papers (1931-1994) contain correspondence, research files, field notes, word lists, notebooks, articles and reprints, pamphlets, maps, class syllabi, tests and assignments, student papers, and manuscripts. Wick Miller (1932-1994) was an anthropological linguist and pioneer in language acquisition studies.WorldCat 447297763 Wick R. Miller Papers
  • National Atlas of the United States of America -- Federal Lands and Indian Reservations Available online.
  • Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. Available online
  • Sturtevant, William C. Handbook of North American Indians. 20 vols., some not yet published. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, 1978– .
Volume 1 -- Not yet published
Volume 2 -- Indians in Contemporary Society (pub. 2008) -- WorldCat 234303751
Volume 3 -- Environment, Origins, and Population (pub. 2006) -- WorldCat 255572371
Volume 4 -- History of Indian-White Relations (pub. 1988) -- WorldCat 19331914; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.4.
Volume 5 -- Arctic (pub. 1984) -- WorldCat 299653808; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.5.
Volume 6 -- Subarctic (pub. 1981) -- WorldCat 247493742; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.6.
Volume 7 -- Northwest Coast (pub. 1990) -- WorldCat 247493311
Volume 8 -- California (pub. 1978) -- WorldCat 13240086; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.8.
Volume 9 -- Southwest (pub. 1979) -- WorldCat 26140053; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.9.
Volume 10 -- Southwest (pub. 1983) -- WorldCat 301504096; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.10.
Volume 11 -- Great Basin (pub. 1986) -- WorldCat 256516416; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.11.
Volume 12 -- Plateau (pub. 1998) -- WorldCat 39401371; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.12.
Volume 13 -- Plains, 2 vols. (pub. 2001) -- WorldCat 48209643
Volume 14 -- Southeast (pub. 2004) -- WorldCat 254277176
Volume 15 -- Northwest (pub. 1978) -- WorldCat 356517503; FHL book 970.1 H191h v.15.
Volume 16 -- Not yet published
Volume 17 -- Languages (pub. 1996) -- WorldCat 43957746
Volume 18 -- Not yet published
Volume 19 -- Not yet published
Volume 20 -- Not yet published
  • Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
  • Waldman, Carl. Encyclopedia of Native American Tribes. New York, New York: Facts on File, 2006. 3rd ed. WorldCat 14718193; FHL book 970.1 W146e 2006.
  • Weaver, Thomas, and Emil W. Haury. Indians of Arizona: A Contemporary Perspective. Tucson, Ariz: University of Arizona Press, 1974. FHL 970.1 W379i WorldCat 834949


  1. ↑ 2010 Census Data, U.S. Census Bureau, http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/
  2. ↑ US Department of the Interior, Indian Affairs http://www.bia.gov/WhoWeAre/index.htm
  3. ↑ Economic Development Research Program, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona http://edrp.arid.arizona.edu/tribes.html
  4. ↑ Hodge, Frederick Webb. Handbook of American Indians North of Mexico. Washington D.C.:Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #30 1907. Available online.
  5. ↑ Swanton John R. The Indian Tribes of North America. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 Available online.
  6. ↑ US Department of The Interior, Indian Affairs http://www.bia.gov/FAQs/index.htm
  7. ↑ http://www.azcommerce.com/SiteSel/Profiles/INDIAN+COMMUNITY+PROFILES.htm
  8. ↑ Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library book 970.1 H551o.)
  9. ↑ Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL book 970.1 H551g.)
  10. ↑ Hill, Edward E. The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches, Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. (Family History Library book 970.1 H551o.)
  11. ↑ Hill, Edward E. (comp.). Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. (FHL book 970.1 H551g.)
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