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Three federal circuits were established to cover the whole country in 1789. The number gradually expanded to nine by 1866. Federal circuit courts had jurisdiction over all matters (especially criminal) covered by federal law. They also had some appellate functions from the district courts. In 1891, U.S. circuit courts of appeal were created to hear appeals from the district courts. They had the same boundaries (or circuits) as the circuit courts. The original circuit courts retained limited powers that often overlapped those of the district courts. In 1911 the original circuit courts were abolished. | Three federal circuits were established to cover the whole country in 1789. The number gradually expanded to nine by 1866. Federal circuit courts had jurisdiction over all matters (especially criminal) covered by federal law. They also had some appellate functions from the district courts. In 1891, U.S. circuit courts of appeal were created to hear appeals from the district courts. They had the same boundaries (or circuits) as the circuit courts. The original circuit courts retained limited powers that often overlapped those of the district courts. In 1911 the original circuit courts were abolished. | ||
To learn more about federal courts and their records of genealogical value, see ''The Archives: A Guide to National Archives Field Branches'' (described in [[Nebraska Archives and Libraries | Archives and Libraries). | To learn more about federal courts and their records of genealogical value, see ''The Archives: A Guide to National Archives Field Branches'' (described in [[Nebraska Archives and Libraries | Archives and Libraries]]). | ||
=== State and Local Courts === | === State and Local Courts === | ||