31
edits
Germans in Hamilton County, Ohio: Difference between revisions
added citations
mNo edit summary |
(added citations) |
||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
Mass immigration began in the 1830s with Cincinnati's boom in the meatpacking and shipping industries and brought political refugees after the 1848 Revolution in the German states. Between 1840 and 1850, the German population increased almost tenfold, and in 1860, 30% of Cincinnati’s population was of German stock. | Mass immigration began in the 1830s with Cincinnati's boom in the meatpacking and shipping industries and brought political refugees after the 1848 Revolution in the German states. Between 1840 and 1850, the German population increased almost tenfold, and in 1860, 30% of Cincinnati’s population was of German stock. | ||
The biggest wave of German immigration to Cincinnati occurred in the 1880s. In 1890, 57% of the total population of nearly 300,000 was either born in Germany or had German parents. Don Heinrich Tolzmann, Survival of an Ethnic Community: The Cincinnati Germans, 1918 through 1932 (Dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 1983), 44, 47, 49, republished in Don Heinrich Tolzmann, Cincinnati’s German Heritage (Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1994). | The biggest wave of German immigration to Cincinnati occurred in the 1880s. In 1890, 57% of the total population of nearly 300,000 was either born in Germany or had German parents.<ref name="Ethnic Community">Don Heinrich Tolzmann, Survival of an Ethnic Community: The Cincinnati Germans, 1918 through 1932 (Dissertation, University of Cincinnati, 1983), 44, 47, 49, republished in Don Heinrich Tolzmann, Cincinnati’s German Heritage (Bowie, Maryland: Heritage Books, 1994).</ref> | ||
People in Cincinnati at the beginning of the 20th century had a two in five chance of meeting someone who could speak to them in German. There were three German morning newspapers and one evening paper. German was taught in all 47 schools. Seventy churches held services completely or partly in German. In 1915 there were 110 German societies with affiliations including mutual aid, athletics, trade unions, sharpshooters, music, culture and charity. Guido Dobbert, The Disintegration of an Immigrant Community: The Cincinnati Germans, 1870-1920 (New York: Arno Press, 1980), 7, 10, 13, 16.< | People in Cincinnati at the beginning of the 20th century had a two in five chance of meeting someone who could speak to them in German. There were three German morning newspapers and one evening paper. German was taught in all 47 schools. Seventy churches held services completely or partly in German. In 1915 there were 110 German societies with affiliations including mutual aid, athletics, trade unions, sharpshooters, music, culture and charity.<ref>Guido Dobbert, The Disintegration of an Immigrant Community: The Cincinnati Germans, 1870-1920 (New York: Arno Press, 1980), 7, 10, 13, 16.</ref> | ||
Further waves of German immigration took place in the 1930s (particularly German Jewish immigrants) and after World War II. At the turn of the 21st century, approximately half of Cincinnati's population was of German descent. | |||
== Origins of German immigrants in Hamilton County == | == Origins of German immigrants in Hamilton County == | ||
| Line 15: | Line 17: | ||
Before 1830, Germans immigrating to Hamilton County came from the southwestern area of German-speaking Europe, particularly from Württemberg and Switzerland, as well as Baden, Alsace and northern Germany, especially Oldenburg. German-Americans from Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and New Jersey also settled in Hamilton County in this early period. | Before 1830, Germans immigrating to Hamilton County came from the southwestern area of German-speaking Europe, particularly from Württemberg and Switzerland, as well as Baden, Alsace and northern Germany, especially Oldenburg. German-Americans from Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and New Jersey also settled in Hamilton County in this early period. | ||
Between 1830 and 1870, German immigrants to the region came from the same areas as in the early period, but increasingly from northern Germany, particularly Hannover and Oldenburg (specifically, Damme and Diepholz). | Between 1830 and 1870, German immigrants to the region came from the same areas as in the early period, but increasingly from northern Germany, particularly Hannover and Oldenburg (specifically, Damme and Diepholz).<ref name="Ethnic Community" /> | ||
Many Germans in Hamilton County came from the Osnabrück district in Hannover, now Niedersachsen. Approximately 20% of the nearly 100,000 people who left this area came to Greater Cincinnati. Between 1830 and 1890, over one half of the emigrants from the Osnabrück town of Venne, at least for a period of time, were residents in Cincinnati. Of the 318 founding members of Cincinnati’s North German Lutheran Church in 1839, 80% came from the Osnabrück district. Udo Thörner, Venne in America (Osnabrück: Arbeitskreis Familienforschung | Many Germans in Hamilton County came from the Osnabrück district in Hannover, now Niedersachsen. Approximately 20% of the nearly 100,000 people who left this area came to Greater Cincinnati. Between 1830 and 1890, over one half of the emigrants from the Osnabrück town of Venne, at least for a period of time, were residents in Cincinnati. Of the 318 founding members of Cincinnati’s North German Lutheran Church in 1839, 80% came from the Osnabrück district.<ref>Udo Thörner, Venne in America (Osnabrück: Arbeitskreis Familienforschung Osnabrück e.V., 2008), 99, 101, English translation.</ref> | ||
*Surnames of families described in the book ''Venne in America ''are listed in “Venne – Emigration History,” [http://www.venne-families.de http://www.venne-families.de] | *Surnames of families described in the book ''Venne in America ''are listed in “Venne – Emigration History,” [http://www.venne-families.de http://www.venne-families.de] | ||
*Two articles in the Hamilton County Genealogical Society’s ''Tracer'' 26:2 explain the strong connection between the Osnabrück region and Hamilton County: Jim Dempsey, “Osnabrücker Land” and Udo Thörner, “Venne, Osnabrücker Land - Emigration History” | *Two articles in the Hamilton County Genealogical Society’s ''Tracer'' 26:2 explain the strong connection between the Osnabrück region and Hamilton County: Jim Dempsey, “Osnabrücker Land” and Udo Thörner, “Venne, Osnabrücker Land - Emigration History” | ||
The 1870 census, which most often records the German state of birth, shows the origins of the 49,442 Germans in Cincinnati as shown below. | The 1870 census, which most often records the German state of birth, shows the origins of the 49,442 Germans in Cincinnati as shown below. 5,831 Germans lived in Hamilton County outside Cincinnati in 1870.<ref>Ninth Census of the United States: Statistics of Population (Washington, DC: U.S. Census Office, 1872), 339, 368, 388. http://books.google.com/books/about/Ninth_census_of_the_United_States_Statis.html?id=f-HVXFBdT_kC</ref> <br> | ||
{| | {| style="width: 382px; height: 238px" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''German state of origin''' | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''Number''' | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''Percentage''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Preussen (Prussia) | | Preussen (Prussia) | ||
| Line 69: | Line 71: | ||
|} | |} | ||
The large percentages of Prussians and Bavarians are somewhat misleading. Until after World War II the state of Bavaria included the Rheinpfalz near the Rhein River, far west of Bavaria in southeastern Germany. About 90-95% of Bavarians in Hamilton County actually came from the Rheinpfalz rather than the Bavarian home of Munich and the Alps. This is a crucial distinction for researchers seeking Bavarian origins, who are probably looking in the wrong area if they concentrate on the place known as Bavaria today. | The large percentages of Prussians and Bavarians are somewhat misleading. Until after World War II the state of Bavaria included the Rheinpfalz near the Rhein River, far west of Bavaria in southeastern Germany. About 90-95% of Bavarians in Hamilton County actually came from the Rheinpfalz rather than the Bavarian home of Munich and the Alps.<ref>Estimate of Robert Rau, based upon 33 years of researching Cincinnati Germans.</ref> This is a crucial distinction for researchers seeking Bavarian origins, who are probably looking in the wrong area if they concentrate on the place known as Bavaria today. | ||
In 1870 the province of Prussia included Brandenburg, Hannover, Hessen-Kassel, Hohenzollern, Nassau, Ostpreussen (East Prussia), Pommern (Pomerania), Posen, Rheinland, Sachsen, Schlesien (Silesia), Schleswig-Holstein, Westphalen, and Westpreussen, as well as many smaller states. Although some of these states are mentioned by name in the 1870 census, many others are not specified. | In 1870 the province of Prussia included Brandenburg, Hannover, Hessen-Kassel, Hohenzollern, Nassau, Ostpreussen (East Prussia), Pommern (Pomerania), Posen, Rheinland, Sachsen, Schlesien (Silesia), Schleswig-Holstein, Westphalen, and Westpreussen, as well as many smaller states. Although some of these states are mentioned by name in the 1870 census, many others are not specified. | ||
Compared to all Germans in the U.S., in Cincinnati in 1870 there were seven times as many Oldenburgers, two and half times as many Hannoverians, one and a half times as many Bavarians, and the same proportion of Badenese. On the other hand, there were half as many Brunswickers, Hessians, and Saxons in Cincinnati compared to the rest of the U.S., and even fewer people from Nassau and Mecklenburg. Most of the Hannoverians and Oldenburgers in Ohio lived in Cincinnati. Walter Kamphoefner, The Westphalians: From Germany to Missouri (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1987), 84-85. | Compared to all Germans in the U.S., in Cincinnati in 1870 there were seven times as many Oldenburgers, two and half times as many Hannoverians, one and a half times as many Bavarians, and the same proportion of Badenese. On the other hand, there were half as many Brunswickers, Hessians, and Saxons in Cincinnati compared to the rest of the U.S., and even fewer people from Nassau and Mecklenburg. Most of the Hannoverians and Oldenburgers in Ohio lived in Cincinnati.<ref>Walter Kamphoefner, The Westphalians: From Germany to Missouri (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1987), 84-85.</ref> | ||
A search of “Germans to America Passenger Data File, 1850-1897” results in entries for 10,218 people coming to Cincinnati whose passenger records specified origins other than Germany and the U.S. This data is part of the National Archives’ Access to Archival Databases, | A search of “Germans to America Passenger Data File, 1850-1897” results in entries for 10,218 people coming to Cincinnati whose passenger records specified origins other than Germany and the U.S.<ref>This data is part of the National Archives’ Access to Archival Databases, http://aad.archives.gov/aad/fielded-search.jsp?dt=2102&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;tf=F&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;cat=GP44&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;bc=,sl.</ref> | ||
{| | {| style="width: 419px; height: 238px" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''German state of origin''' | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''Number''' | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''Percentage''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Prussia (not specified) | | Prussia (not specified) | ||
| Line 124: | Line 126: | ||
These percentages aren’t precise. Many ship lists did not record the origins or destinations of passengers, and it’s likely that many people from Westfalen and other states reported Prussia as their state of origin. Only 67 passengers coming to Cincinnati are listed with Westfalen (part of Prussia after 1815) as their state of origin in this database, although many more Westphalians came to Cincinnati. At any rate, this list points out the prevalence (67%) of north German states in the origins of over 10,000 passengers coming to Cincinnati between 1850 and 1897. | These percentages aren’t precise. Many ship lists did not record the origins or destinations of passengers, and it’s likely that many people from Westfalen and other states reported Prussia as their state of origin. Only 67 passengers coming to Cincinnati are listed with Westfalen (part of Prussia after 1815) as their state of origin in this database, although many more Westphalians came to Cincinnati. At any rate, this list points out the prevalence (67%) of north German states in the origins of over 10,000 passengers coming to Cincinnati between 1850 and 1897. | ||
At least thirteen regional assistance societies were established in Cincinnati by 1915. These societies and their dates of founding include Baden (1872), Rheinpfalz (1874), Bayern (1875), Schwaben (1875), Schleswig-Holstein (1880), North Germany (1884), Sachsen (1887), Germany-Hungary (1910), Rheinland and Westfalen (1891), Germany-Austria (1891), Hessen (1897), Oldenburg (1898), Siebenbürger Sachsen (1907). August Gorbach, Deutscher Vereins-Wegweiser von Cincinnati, Ohio (Cincinnati: S. Rosenthal & Co., 1915). | At least thirteen regional assistance societies were established in Cincinnati by 1915. These societies and their dates of founding include Baden (1872), Rheinpfalz (1874), Bayern (1875), Schwaben (1875), Schleswig-Holstein (1880), North Germany (1884), Sachsen (1887), Germany-Hungary (1910), Rheinland and Westfalen (1891), Germany-Austria (1891), Hessen (1897), Oldenburg (1898), Siebenbürger Sachsen (1907).<ref>August Gorbach, Deutscher Vereins-Wegweiser von Cincinnati, Ohio (Cincinnati: S. Rosenthal &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp; Co., 1915).</ref> | ||
In the 1950s many Germans arrived in Hamilton County, including Donauschwaben (Danube Swabians) and others from the ethnic German areas of southeastern Europe. | In the 1950s many Germans arrived in Hamilton County, including Donauschwaben (Danube Swabians) and others from the ethnic German areas of southeastern Europe. | ||
The Emigration section in this article | The Emigration section in this article will have references to lists of immigrants to Cincinnati with birthplaces. | ||
== Locations of German immigrants in Hamilton County == | == Locations of German immigrants in Hamilton County == | ||
| Line 138: | Line 140: | ||
In 1850, eight Hamilton County townships had the highest numbers of Germans outside Cincinnati: | In 1850, eight Hamilton County townships had the highest numbers of Germans outside Cincinnati: | ||
{| | {| style="width: 451px; height: 217px" class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''Township''' | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''Location''' | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''Number''' | ||
| | | style="background: rgb(240,240,240)" align="center" | '''Percentage''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Mill Creek* | | Mill Creek* | ||
| Line 188: | Line 190: | ||
|} | |} | ||
These eight townships had 4,794 German residents, out of a total 5,551 in Hamilton County excluding Cincinnati. The remaining seven townships had from 13 to 189 German residents each. | These eight townships had 4,794 German residents, out of a total 5,551 in Hamilton County excluding Cincinnati. The remaining seven townships had from 13 to 189 German residents each.<ref>Hubertus Wilhelm, The Origin and Distribution of Settlement Groups: Ohio, 1850 (Athens, Ohio: 1982).</ref> *The townships marked with an asterisk no longer exist since they were absorbed by Cincinnati. | ||
By 1910, Germans had settled throughout Hamilton County, especially on the west side. In 2000, the most German area was Green Township in western Hamilton County. | By 1910, Germans had settled throughout Hamilton County, especially on the west side. In 2000, the most German area was Green Township in western Hamilton County. | ||
The list of churches arranged by city neighborhood and county locality in this article | The list of churches arranged by city neighborhood and county locality in this article will indicate the areas where there were enough Germans to found churches. Areas without churches that were heavily German included Wooden Shoe Hollow near Winton Place, Camp Dennison (originally called New Germany) in eastern Hamilton County, and Sweetwine and the Wolfangel Road area in Anderson Township. | ||
== Migrations of German immigrants from Hamilton County == | == Migrations of German immigrants from Hamilton County == | ||
| Line 198: | Line 200: | ||
Hamilton County was not the final destination for many immigrants, who stayed a few years in Cincinnati and then moved on to other locations, especially up the Miami and Erie Canal corridor and along the Ohio River. Many German immigrants settled in Covington and Newport, across the Ohio River from Cincinnati. | Hamilton County was not the final destination for many immigrants, who stayed a few years in Cincinnati and then moved on to other locations, especially up the Miami and Erie Canal corridor and along the Ohio River. Many German immigrants settled in Covington and Newport, across the Ohio River from Cincinnati. | ||
Cincinnati churches were sometimes responsible for encouraging settlement in other areas. In 1837 Father Joseph Ferneding, founder of numerous German Catholic churches in Cincinnati, invited two men from Oldenburg, Germany to plat the village of Oldenburg in southeast Indiana. Advertisements in ''Wahrheitsfreund,'' the German Catholic newspaper published in Cincinnati, appealed to people who had recently emigrated from northern Germany to settle in Oldenburg. Birth, marriage and confirmation records of those who later settled in Oldenburg may be found in Cincinnati’s Holy Trinity and St. Mary’s Catholic churches. Robert W. Rudig, “Southeast Indiana German History and Genealogy,” Tracer 10:3 | Cincinnati churches were sometimes responsible for encouraging settlement in other areas. In 1837 Father Joseph Ferneding, founder of numerous German Catholic churches in Cincinnati, invited two men from Oldenburg, Germany to plat the village of Oldenburg in southeast Indiana. Advertisements in ''Wahrheitsfreund,'' the German Catholic newspaper published in Cincinnati, appealed to people who had recently emigrated from northern Germany to settle in Oldenburg. Birth, marriage and confirmation records of those who later settled in Oldenburg may be found in Cincinnati’s Holy Trinity and St. Mary’s Catholic churches.<ref>Robert W. Rudig, “Southeast Indiana German History and Genealogy,” Tracer 10:3</ref> | ||
German Protestant immigrants to Cincinnati also migrated to southeast Indiana, particularly those who had attended the Cincinnati churches of St. John’s, St. Peter’s, North German Lutheran, St. Paul’s and Trinity Lutheran, and later appeared in many southeast Indiana churches. St. John’s Lutheran Church in Batesville, founded by immigrants from Venne, Hannover in 1837, records the deaths of children in the 1840s and 1850s who were born in Cincinnati. Robert W. Rudig, “Southeast Indiana German History and Genealogy,” Tracer 10:3 | German Protestant immigrants to Cincinnati also migrated to southeast Indiana, particularly those who had attended the Cincinnati churches of St. John’s, St. Peter’s, North German Lutheran, St. Paul’s and Trinity Lutheran, and later appeared in many southeast Indiana churches. St. John’s Lutheran Church in Batesville, founded by immigrants from Venne, Hannover in 1837, records the deaths of children in the 1840s and 1850s who were born in Cincinnati.<ref>Robert W. Rudig, “Southeast Indiana German History and Genealogy,” Tracer 10:3</ref> | ||
Colonization and settlement societies formed in Cincinnati established daughter settlements across the country, including Teutopolis, Illinois (German Land Company, 1839); Guttenberg, Iowa (Western Settlement Society, 1844); New Ulm, Minnesota (Cincinnati Turner Colonization Society, 1854); Buffalo City, Wisconsin (Colonization Society of Cincinnati, 1856); Tell City, Indiana (Swiss Colonization Society, 1858); and Windhorst, Kansas (German Catholic Aurora Homestead Association, 1878). Don Heinrich Tolzmann, German Heritage Guide to the Greater Cincinnati Area (Milford, Ohio: Little Miami Publishing Co., 2003), 14. | Colonization and settlement societies formed in Cincinnati established daughter settlements across the country, including Teutopolis, Illinois (German Land Company, 1839); Guttenberg, Iowa (Western Settlement Society, 1844); New Ulm, Minnesota (Cincinnati Turner Colonization Society, 1854); Buffalo City, Wisconsin (Colonization Society of Cincinnati, 1856); Tell City, Indiana (Swiss Colonization Society, 1858); and Windhorst, Kansas (German Catholic Aurora Homestead Association, 1878).<ref>Don Heinrich Tolzmann, German Heritage Guide to the Greater Cincinnati Area (Milford, Ohio: Little Miami Publishing Co., 2003), 14.</ref> | ||
*Meier, Marga. ''Swiss Colonization Society Records in German: A Translation Project ''(Utica, KY: McDowell Publications, 1990). 1858-1860 minutes, not indexed, in PLCH, LDS. | *Meier, Marga. ''Swiss Colonization Society Records in German: A Translation Project ''(Utica, KY: McDowell Publications, 1990). 1858-1860 minutes, not indexed, in PLCH, LDS. | ||
| Line 209: | Line 211: | ||
== Birthplaces of Hamilton County Germans == | == Birthplaces of Hamilton County Germans == | ||
Many types of records may provide the birthplaces of Germans who came to Hamilton County. Details will be provided in this article for each category. | Many types of records may provide the birthplaces of Germans who came to Hamilton County. Details will eventually be provided in this article for each category. | ||
*German newspapers | *German newspapers | ||
| Line 228: | Line 230: | ||
*OHS: Ohio Historical Society, Columbus | *OHS: Ohio Historical Society, Columbus | ||
*PLCH: Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County | *PLCH: Public Library of Cincinnati and Hamilton County | ||
*''Tracer'' #:#: journal published by the Hamilton County Genealogical Society, with volume and number. 1979-2008 issues are available on a CD, www.hcgsohio.org/publications.shtml. For an index to these issues, see http://www.hcgsohio.org/tracerarticleindex.pdf. | *''Tracer'' #:#: journal published by the Hamilton County Genealogical Society, with volume and number. 1979-2008 issues are available on a CD, [http://www.hcgsohio.org/publications.shtml http://www.hcgsohio.org/publications.shtml]. For an index to these issues, see http://www.hcgsohio.org/tracerarticleindex.pdf. | ||
== German newspapers == | == German newspapers == | ||
| Line 253: | Line 255: | ||
Obituaries in religious newspapers are often detailed. | Obituaries in religious newspapers are often detailed. | ||
* | *''Christliche Apologete,'' 1838-1941. This German Methodist newspaper has advertisements for missing relatives as well as obituaries. Issues are in CHLA Nippert Collection (Mss 873, Series 5), with indexes for many volumes, and Archives of Ohio United Methodism at Ohio Wesleyan University. | ||
*''Die Deborah,'' German Jewish newspaper, 1855-1902, PLCH, American Jewish Periodical Center at Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati, http://huc.edu/libraries/collections/ajpc. | *''Die Deborah,'' German Jewish newspaper, 1855-1902, PLCH, American Jewish Periodical Center at Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati, http://huc.edu/libraries/collections/ajpc. | ||
*''Haus und Herd,'' 1873-1918, German Methodist newspaper, PLCH, OHS. | *''Haus und Herd,'' 1873-1918, German Methodist newspaper, PLCH, OHS. | ||
*''Protestantische Zeitblätter,'' 1849-1879, United Lutheran and Reformed Congregation newspaper. 1853-1865 issues are in CHLA, PLCH, ARB. An article subject index (not every-name), 1853-1864, is at http://www.libraries.uc.edu/libraries/arb/ger_americana/germaninventories/articles_from_protestantische_zeitbl%E4tter.pdf | *''Protestantische Zeitblätter,'' 1849-1879, United Lutheran and Reformed Congregation newspaper. 1853-1865 issues are in CHLA, PLCH, ARB. An article subject index (not every-name), 1853-1864, is at http://www.libraries.uc.edu/libraries/arb/ger_americana/germaninventories/articles_from_protestantische_zeitbl%E4tter.pdf | ||
*''Wahrheitsfreund,'' 1837-1907, first German Catholic newspaper in the U.S., PLCH and ARB. | *''Wahrheitsfreund,'' 1837-1907, first German Catholic newspaper in the U.S., PLCH and ARB. | ||
*Overton, Julie. ''The Ministers and Churches of the Central German Conference (Methodist), 1835-1907.'' Thomson, Illinois: Heritage House, 1975. This book has abstracts of long obituaries, most with birthplaces, for ministers in Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana. <span | *Overton, Julie. ''The Ministers and Churches of the Central German Conference (Methodist), 1835-1907.'' Thomson, Illinois: Heritage House, 1975. This book has abstracts of long obituaries, most with birthplaces, for ministers in Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana. <span style="display: none" id="1336097615042E"> </span> | ||
== German society records == | == German society records == | ||
| Line 322: | Line 324: | ||
*9th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Records, CHLA manuscript collection Mss 505, contains numerous records including a descriptive roll printed in Fraktur type that lists the birthplace and state for each of the regiment’s 1,155 officers and soldiers, including 1,014 born in Germany, 56 born in Switzerland, and 25 born in France. Each entry includes personal description, occupation, enlistment date, remarks. | *9th Ohio Volunteer Infantry Records, CHLA manuscript collection Mss 505, contains numerous records including a descriptive roll printed in Fraktur type that lists the birthplace and state for each of the regiment’s 1,155 officers and soldiers, including 1,014 born in Germany, 56 born in Switzerland, and 25 born in France. Each entry includes personal description, occupation, enlistment date, remarks. | ||
*Grebner, Constantin. ''Die Neuner: eine Schilderung der Kriegsjahre des 9ten Regiments Ohio Vol. Infantrie, vom 17 April 1861 bis 7 Juni 1864''. Cincinnati: S. Rosenthal & Co., 1897. This book lists the names of each of the soldiers in the 9th OVI. A translation by Frederic Trautmann omits some of the names in the original narrative (not in the list of soldiers), with the title''We Were the Ninth ''(Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1987). | *Grebner, Constantin. ''Die Neuner: eine Schilderung der Kriegsjahre des 9ten Regiments Ohio Vol. Infantrie, vom 17 April 1861 bis 7 Juni 1864''. Cincinnati: S. Rosenthal & Co., 1897. This book lists the names of each of the soldiers in the 9th OVI. A translation by Frederic Trautmann omits some of the names in the original narrative (not in the list of soldiers), with the title''We Were the Ninth ''(Kent, Ohio: Kent State University Press, 1987). | ||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Ohio]] | [[Category:Ohio]] | ||