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People in Cincinnati at the beginning of the 20th century had a two in five chance of meeting someone who could speak to them in German. There were three German morning newspapers and one evening paper. German was taught in all 47 schools. Seventy churches held services completely or partly in German. In 1915 there were 110 German societies with affiliations including mutual aid, athletics, trade unions, sharpshooters, music, culture and charity. Guido Dobbert, The Disintegration of an Immigrant Community: The Cincinnati Germans, 1870-1920 (New York: Arno Press, 1980), 7, 10, 13, 16.<br> <br>Further waves of German immigration took place in the 1930s (particularly German Jewish immigrants) and after World War II. At the turn of the 21st century, approximately half of Cincinnati's population was of German descent. | People in Cincinnati at the beginning of the 20th century had a two in five chance of meeting someone who could speak to them in German. There were three German morning newspapers and one evening paper. German was taught in all 47 schools. Seventy churches held services completely or partly in German. In 1915 there were 110 German societies with affiliations including mutual aid, athletics, trade unions, sharpshooters, music, culture and charity. Guido Dobbert, The Disintegration of an Immigrant Community: The Cincinnati Germans, 1870-1920 (New York: Arno Press, 1980), 7, 10, 13, 16.<br> <br>Further waves of German immigration took place in the 1930s (particularly German Jewish immigrants) and after World War II. At the turn of the 21st century, approximately half of Cincinnati's population was of German descent. | ||
== Origins of German immigrants in Hamilton County == | == Origins of German immigrants in Hamilton County == | ||
Before 1830, Germans immigrating to Hamilton County came from the southwestern area of German-speaking Europe, particularly from Württemberg and Switzerland, as well as Baden, Alsace and northern Germany, especially Oldenburg. German-Americans from Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and New Jersey also settled in Hamilton County in this early period. | Before 1830, Germans immigrating to Hamilton County came from the southwestern area of German-speaking Europe, particularly from Württemberg and Switzerland, as well as Baden, Alsace and northern Germany, especially Oldenburg. German-Americans from Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia and New Jersey also settled in Hamilton County in this early period. | ||
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*Two articles in the Hamilton County Genealogical Society’s ''Tracer'' 26:2 explain the strong connection between the Osnabrück region and Hamilton County: Jim Dempsey, “Osnabrücker Land” and Udo Thörner, “Venne, Osnabrücker Land - Emigration History” | *Two articles in the Hamilton County Genealogical Society’s ''Tracer'' 26:2 explain the strong connection between the Osnabrück region and Hamilton County: Jim Dempsey, “Osnabrücker Land” and Udo Thörner, “Venne, Osnabrücker Land - Emigration History” | ||
The 1870 census, which most often records the German state of birth, shows the origins of the 49,442 Germans in Cincinnati as follows: | The 1870 census, which most often records the German state of birth, shows the origins of the 49,442 Germans in Cincinnati as follows: | ||
{| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | {| class="FCK__ShowTableBorders" | ||
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| align="center" style="background: rgb(240, 240, 240);" | '''Percentage''' | | align="center" style="background: rgb(240, 240, 240);" | '''Percentage''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Preussen (Prussia) | | Preussen (Prussia) | ||
| 15,180 | | 15,180 | ||
| 30.3% | | 30.3% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Bayern (Bavaria) | | Bayern (Bavaria) | ||
| 9,907 | | 9,907 | ||
| 19.7% | | 19.7% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Hannover | | Hannover | ||
| 8,803 | | 8,803 | ||
| 17.5% | | 17.5% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Baden | | Baden | ||
| 5,223 | | 5,223 | ||
| 10.4% | | 10.4% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Württemberg | | Württemberg | ||
| 3,183 | | 3,183 | ||
| 6.3% | | 6.3% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Oldenburg | | Oldenburg | ||
| 2,488 | | 2,488 | ||
| 4.7% | | 4.7% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Hessen | | Hessen | ||
| 2,397 | | 2,397 | ||
| 4.7% | | 4.7% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Sachsen (Saxony) | | Sachsen (Saxony) | ||
| 894 | | 894 | ||
| 1.9% | | 1.9% | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Other and unidentified states | | Other and unidentified states | ||
| 1,365 | | 1,365 | ||
| 4.5% | | 4.5% | ||
|- | |- | ||
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In the 1950s many Germans arrived in Hamilton County, including Donauschwaben (Danube Swabians) and others from the ethnic German areas of southeastern Europe. | In the 1950s many Germans arrived in Hamilton County, including Donauschwaben (Danube Swabians) and others from the ethnic German areas of southeastern Europe. | ||
The Emigration section in this article has references to lists of emigrants to Cincinnati with birthplaces. | The Emigration section in this article has references to lists of emigrants to Cincinnati with birthplaces. | ||
== Locations of German immigrants in Hamilton County == | == Locations of German immigrants in Hamilton County == | ||