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=== Online church records from Bavaria === | === Online church records from Bavaria === | ||
Records from Feuchtwangen can be found [http://www.geschichte-feuchtwangen.de/hgneu.htm here]<br>Records from Passau can be found [http://matricula-online.eu/pages/de/recherche.php here] <br> | Records from Feuchtwangen can be found [http://www.geschichte-feuchtwangen.de/hgneu.htm here]<br>Records from Passau can be found [http://matricula-online.eu/pages/de/recherche.php here] <br> | ||
Records from Oesdorf can be found [http://www.schaper.org/kb-oesdorf/index.html here] | |||
<br>'''Frivolous Marriages in Bavaria''' | <br>'''Frivolous Marriages in Bavaria''' | ||
Frivolous marriages are those entered into by the very young or impecunious. They were objectionable because they could lead to poverty and dependence on public assistance. This was the opinion of Bavarian officials. The problem must have been rampant because there were directives given to priests as early as 1578 to be pressed on their parishioners’ minds to carefully consider before entering into a marriage contract. From then on, a marriage was only legal when a priest performed the ceremony and besides that both partners had to go to confession before they married.<br> | Frivolous marriages are those entered into by the very young or impecunious. They were objectionable because they could lead to poverty and dependence on public assistance. This was the opinion of Bavarian officials. The problem must have been rampant because there were directives given to priests as early as 1578 to be pressed on their parishioners’ minds to carefully consider before entering into a marriage contract. From then on, a marriage was only legal when a priest performed the ceremony and besides that both partners had to go to confession before they married.<br> | ||
Consequent additions to the edict shows that the law could not be successfully executed and the authorities found that they constantly had to allow exceptions to the rules with people who worked as day laborers if these were needed. However, a marriage without consent from above was a criminal action and punishable. As a matter of fact, people who became a burden to society or obtained sustenance through begging were subject to repulsion. Again, bishops and priests were not to allow potential problem marriages. Did they perform such a marriage, anyway, the priests or officials had to stand in with a certain amount of money which was an assessment of damage, just in case. | Consequent additions to the edict shows that the law could not be successfully executed and the authorities found that they constantly had to allow exceptions to the rules with people who worked as day laborers if these were needed. However, a marriage without consent from above was a criminal action and punishable. As a matter of fact, people who became a burden to society or obtained sustenance through begging were subject to repulsion. Again, bishops and priests were not to allow potential problem marriages. Did they perform such a marriage, anyway, the priests or officials had to stand in with a certain amount of money which was an assessment of damage, just in case. | ||
<br> In the 19th century it became the popular thought that an increase in population would also increase an economic upturn. To promote marriages and to lighten the practice of trade would not only make the country richer but would reduce the numerous illegitimate births. Parishes no longer had permission to sanction a marriage, but the police administration determined who was capable of sufficient prospects of sustenance. By 1818 the individual parishes were again issuing marriage licenses. The parish also retrieved responsibility again for legal aid. The officials did not want to deplete their resources by promoting marriages. Therefore, in the beginning of the 1800s there are restrictions as far as marriages and settlement of the poor or migrant population was concerned. The restrictions were not evenly executed throughout the Kingdom of Bavaria. In the Pfalz marriage and settlement restrictions did not exist because of the laws influenced by the French. In the rest of Bavaria the misery for poor residents lasted until 1896. For the poor there was hardly a chance in Bavaria of this time to build a base for one’s livelihood. Often not even the best recommendations could obtain the privilege to settle in a location because the inhabitants had qualms about sharing air, water, fire and land.<br> | <br> In the 19th century it became the popular thought that an increase in population would also increase an economic upturn. To promote marriages and to lighten the practice of trade would not only make the country richer but would reduce the numerous illegitimate births. Parishes no longer had permission to sanction a marriage, but the police administration determined who was capable of sufficient prospects of sustenance. By 1818 the individual parishes were again issuing marriage licenses. The parish also retrieved responsibility again for legal aid. The officials did not want to deplete their resources by promoting marriages. Therefore, in the beginning of the 1800s there are restrictions as far as marriages and settlement of the poor or migrant population was concerned. The restrictions were not evenly executed throughout the Kingdom of Bavaria. In the Pfalz marriage and settlement restrictions did not exist because of the laws influenced by the French. In the rest of Bavaria the misery for poor residents lasted until 1896. For the poor there was hardly a chance in Bavaria of this time to build a base for one’s livelihood. Often not even the best recommendations could obtain the privilege to settle in a location because the inhabitants had qualms about sharing air, water, fire and land.<br> | ||
Read the article in its entirety: ”Landesherrliche Ehebeschänkungen im Herzogtum, Kurfürstentum und Königreich Bayern” by Reinhard Heydenreuter in Archiv für Familiengeschichtsforschung , Jahrgang 1, Heft 3 (1997). The periodical is available through Familysearch, Family History Library, call number 943 B2as. | Read the article in its entirety: ”Landesherrliche Ehebeschänkungen im Herzogtum, Kurfürstentum und Königreich Bayern” by Reinhard Heydenreuter in Archiv für Familiengeschichtsforschung , Jahrgang 1, Heft 3 (1997). The periodical is available through Familysearch, Family History Library, call number 943 B2as. | ||
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See also topic Bavaria: Marriage Proclamation and Residency Records | See also topic Bavaria: Marriage Proclamation and Residency Records | ||
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[[Category:Bayern]] | [[Category:Bayern]] | ||