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Ottawa Tribes: Difference between revisions
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Many of the Ottawa migrated south and west and settled in what became Michigan in the 1700s and by the early 1800s the Three Fires Confederacy (which include the Ottawa, [[Chippewa Indians|Chippewa]], and [[Potawatomi Indians|Potawatomi]]) occupied much of that area. In 1836, the Ottawa ceded nearly two-thirds of their land to the United States and in 1837, Michigan was created from that cession. | Many of the Ottawa migrated south and west and settled in what became Michigan in the 1700s and by the early 1800s the Three Fires Confederacy (which include the Ottawa, [[Chippewa Indians|Chippewa]], and [[Potawatomi Indians|Potawatomi]]) occupied much of that area. In 1836, the Ottawa ceded nearly two-thirds of their land to the United States and in 1837, Michigan was created from that cession. | ||
In 1855, the Ottawa signed another treaty with the U.S. government at which time reserves were created in [[Leelanau County, Michigan Genealogy|Leelanau]] and [[Antrim County, Michigan Genealogy|Antrim]] Counties. The Bureau of Indian Affairs considered the tribe "terminated" with the signing of that treaty and they were not considered an official tribe from 1855 to 1980. After several petitions for recognition over nearly 50 years, the Bureau of Indian Affairs again officially recognized the tribe in 1980<ref>History of the Ottawa Tribe | In 1855, the Ottawa signed another treaty with the U.S. government at which time reserves were created in [[Leelanau County, Michigan Genealogy|Leelanau]] and [[Antrim County, Michigan Genealogy|Antrim]] Counties. The Bureau of Indian Affairs considered the tribe "terminated" with the signing of that treaty and they were not considered an official tribe from 1855 to 1980. After several petitions for recognition over nearly 50 years, the Bureau of Indian Affairs again officially recognized the tribe in 1980.<ref>"History of the Ottawa Tribe", Grand Traverse Band website http://www.gtbindians.org/.</ref> Other groups of Ottawa were re-recognized in 1994.<br> | ||
Another group of Ottawa Indians lived in northwestern [[Indians of Ohio|Ohio]] and participated in the [[Beginning US War of 1812 Research|War of 1812]] under the leadership of Pontiac, who was a well-known chief of the tribe. They were a party to the Treaty of Greenville, signed on August 3, 1795 in Indiana<ref>The Treaty of Greenville, as it appears in The Laws of the United States, printed by Richard Folwell, Philadelphia, 1796 | Another group of Ottawa Indians lived in northwestern [[Indians of Ohio|Ohio]] and participated in the [[Beginning US War of 1812 Research|War of 1812]] under the leadership of Pontiac, who was a well-known chief of the tribe. They were a party to the Treaty of Greenville, signed on August 3, 1795 in Indiana.<ref>The Treaty of Greenville, as it appears in The Laws of the United States, printed by Richard Folwell, Philadelphia, 1796, http://www.earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/milestones/greenville/.</ref> Some members of this part of the Ottawa Nation were removed to [[Indians of Kansas|Kansas]] and later to Oklahoma.<ref>"Ottawa Indians", Ohio History Central, https://ohiohistorycentral.org/w/Ottawa_Indians, accessed 12 March 2023.</ref> | ||
===== Brief Histories ===== | ===== Brief Histories ===== | ||
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===== Additional References to the History of the Tribe ===== | ===== Additional References to the History of the Tribe ===== | ||
Andrew J. Blackbird. History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan. Ypsilanti, MI 1887. {{FSC|52238|item|disp=FS Library Book 970.1 B562h }} or FS Library film 1011853 Item; or [http://www.nanations.com/ottawachippewa/index.htm Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan] | Andrew J. Blackbird. History of the Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan. Ypsilanti, MI 1887. {{FSC|52238|item|disp=FS Library Book 970.1 B562h }} or FS Library film 1011853 Item; or [http://www.nanations.com/ottawachippewa/index.htm Ottawa and Chippewa Indians of Michigan] | ||
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=== Records === | === Records === | ||
The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters.They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br> | The '''majority of records of individuals were those created by the agencies'''. Some records may be available to tribal members through the tribal headquarters. They were (and are) the local office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, and were charged with maintaining records of the activities of those under their responsibility. Among these records are:<br> | ||
*[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]] | *[[American Indian Allotment Records|Allotment records]] | ||
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*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]] | *[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]] | ||
Some early records of members of the Ottawa Tribe are included in the [http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html#75.19.55 records of the Mackinac Agency] now in the Great Lakes Regional Archives of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in Chicago<ref>Guide to Federal Records, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75 | Some early records of members of the Ottawa Tribe are included in the [http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html#75.19.55 records of the Mackinac Agency] now in the Great Lakes Regional Archives of the National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) in Chicago.<ref>Guide to Federal Records, Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, Record Group 75, http://www.archives.gov/research/guide-fed-records/groups/075.html</ref> | ||
Since the tribe was not officially recognized for over 100 years, some documents pertaining to those with Ottawa blood are a part of the county records where they resided. | Since the tribe was not officially recognized for over 100 years, some documents pertaining to those with Ottawa blood are a part of the county records where they resided. | ||
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*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0725.htm 1855] July 31, at Detroit, with the Chippewa | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0725.htm 1855] July 31, at Detroit, with the Chippewa | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0830.htm 1862] June 24, at Washington, Ottawa of Blanchard's Fork and Roche De Boeuf | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/ott0830.htm 1862] June 24, at Washington, Ottawa of Blanchard's Fork and Roche De Boeuf | ||
*[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0960.htm 1867] February 23, with Seneca, Mixed Seneca and Shawnee, Quapaw, Etc. | *[http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/sen0960.htm 1867] February 23, with Seneca, Mixed Seneca and Shawnee, Quapaw, Etc. | ||
==== Vital Records ==== | ==== Vital Records ==== | ||
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*Housman, Gerald L. ''Ottawa Indian Cemetery, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 1870-1995. Tulsa, OK: Cock-A-Hoop Pub. Bartlesville, OK: Distributed by G.L. Housman, ©1996. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/ottawa-indian-cemetery-ottawa-county-oklahoma-1870-1995/oclc/36008661 WorldCat 36008661] | *Housman, Gerald L. ''Ottawa Indian Cemetery, Ottawa County, Oklahoma, 1870-1995. Tulsa, OK: Cock-A-Hoop Pub. Bartlesville, OK: Distributed by G.L. Housman, ©1996. ''[http://www.worldcat.org/title/ottawa-indian-cemetery-ottawa-county-oklahoma-1870-1995/oclc/36008661 WorldCat 36008661] | ||
*[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&GSvcid=146089&GRid=21888260&CRid=291081& Find a Grave:Ottawa Indian Cemetery], Ottawa Indian Cemetery, Miami, Ottawa, Oklahoma | *[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=cr&GSvcid=146089&GRid=21888260&CRid=291081& Find a Grave: Ottawa Indian Cemetery], Ottawa Indian Cemetery, Miami, Ottawa, Oklahoma | ||
==== Religious Records ==== | ==== Religious Records ==== | ||
*Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians had an association with Catholic ministries, orders, churches, schools, etc. in its history. The tribe's online [http://www.ltbbodawa-nsn.gov/Arch/OurLandandCultureforweb.pdf <u>Our Land and Culture Book</u>] suggests Catholic | *Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians had an association with Catholic ministries, orders, churches, schools, etc. in its history. The tribe's online [http://www.ltbbodawa-nsn.gov/Arch/OurLandandCultureforweb.pdf <u>Our Land and Culture Book</u>] suggests Catholic religious records from their geographical location can be helpful in family history research. | ||
=== Important Websites === | === Important Websites === | ||
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*[http://www.ltbbodawa-nsn.gov/Arch/OurLandandCultureforweb.pdf Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians Our Land and Culture Book] - Online PDF Book of History of this Group of Odawa Indians including a bibliography with sources | *[http://www.ltbbodawa-nsn.gov/Arch/OurLandandCultureforweb.pdf Little Traverse Bay Bands of Odawa Indians Our Land and Culture Book] - Online PDF Book of History of this Group of Odawa Indians including a bibliography with sources | ||
*[http://www.nanations.com/ottawas/index.htm Native American Nations] -- History and links to Ottawa History | *[http://www.nanations.com/ottawas/index.htm Native American Nations] -- History and links to Ottawa History | ||
*Eighteen page [https://www.lrboi-nsn.gov/docs/History%20Eras%20of%20LRBOI.pdf History of the Ottawa Tribe] | *Eighteen page [https://www.lrboi-nsn.gov/docs/History%20Eras%20of%20LRBOI.pdf History of the Ottawa Tribe] | ||
*[http://www.ottawatribe.org/ Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma] Official Website including history (tribal library phone #918-542-6162) | *[http://www.ottawatribe.org/ Ottawa Tribe of Oklahoma] Official Website including history (tribal library phone #918-542-6162) | ||