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African American Census: Difference between revisions

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In [[United States Census|census records]] from 1790-1840, only names of the head of household were provided, along with the number of enslaved persons and Free Persons of Color. In 1850 and 1860, the Federal government took a supplemental "Slave Schedule" giving the slaveholder's name and the number of enslaved persons by gender, age, and a designation of Black or Mulatto. The names of all free Blacks were included in the 1850 and 1860 census. Beginning in 1870, the census listed the names of all African Americans.
In [[United States Census|census records]] from 1790-1840, only names of the head of household were provided, along with the number of enslaved persons and Free Persons of Color. In 1850 and 1860, the Federal government took a supplemental "Slave Schedule" giving the slaveholder's name and the number of enslaved persons by gender, age, and a designation of Black or Mulatto. The names of all free Blacks were included in the 1850 and 1860 census. Beginning in 1870, the census listed the names of all African Americans.


*[https://www.archives.gov/files/research/census/african-american/census-1790-1930.pdf More information about African Americans in the United States Census. NARA]
*More information, about African Americans in the United States Census, is available at the  [https://www.archives.gov/files/research/census/african-american/census-1790-1930.pdf. National Archives and Records Administration].


*''List of Free Black Heads of Families in the First Census of the United States, 1790,'' by Debra L. Newman, Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Service, 1973 {{FSC|143454|item|disp=FS Catalog Book number 973 X2nd.}}; {{WorldCat|38865717|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}};  '''''Online at:''''' {{FSDB|59430}},
*''List of Free Black Heads of Families in the First Census of the United States, 1790,'' by Debra L. Newman. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Service, 1973. {{FSC|143454|item|disp=FS Catalog book 973 X2nd.}}; {{WorldCat|38865717|disp=At various libraries (WorldCat)}};  ''''' Online at:''''' {{FSDB|59430}}.


Local Census and County Records State census records, school census records, town census records, deeds, bills of sale, marriage records, county will books, and probate records sometimes lists names of enslaved persons and other genealogy information.
Local Census and County Records, State census records, school census records, town census records, deeds, bills of sale, marriage records, county will books, and probate records sometimes lists names of enslaved persons and other genealogy information.


African American genealogical research can be challenging, especially after you hit the brick wall of the 1870 census. There are, however, more and more ways to get over that wall and more resources to learn the techniques for doing so.
African American genealogical research can be challenging, especially after you hit the brick wall of the 1870 census. There are, however, more and more ways to get over that wall and more resources to learn the techniques for doing so.


Included here are some of the best the internet has to offer, as well as some searchable census sites of particular interest for African Americans:  
Included here are some of the best the internet has to offer, as well as some searchable census sites of particular interest for African Americans:  
AfriGeneas, an outstanding resource and recommended starting point for "African-Ancestored Genealogy," includes a beginner's guide, data about enslaved persons, surnames, links, state and worldwide resources, newsletter, library, and a mailing list:
*[http://www.afrigeneas.org/ AfriGeneas]
AfriGeneas's census schedules online:
*[http://www.afrigeneas.org/aacensus/ Census Schedules at AfriGeneas]


Christine's African American Genealogy Website, an excellent resource for roots-seekers, includes links to a variety of genealogical sources and African American homepages:  
Christine's African American Genealogy Website, an excellent resource for roots-seekers, includes links to a variety of genealogical sources and African American homepages:  
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*A family's town, county, and state of residence
*A family's town, county, and state of residence


''Accelerated Indexing Systems (AIS) Microfiche Indexes of U.S. Census and Other Records.'' by Ronald Vern Jackson, Salt Lake City Utah: Corporation of the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1984 {{FSC|711262|item|disp=FS Catalog book 973 D2ai}}Use this index to find the heads of household from Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Dakota Territory, Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington, and Wyoming.  
''Accelerated Indexing Systems (AIS) Microfiche Indexes of U.S. Census and Other Records,'' by Ronald Vern Jackson. Salt Lake City Utah: Corporation of the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1984. {{FSC|711262|item|disp=FS Catalog book 973 D2ai}}. Use this index to find the heads of household from Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Dakota Territory, Idaho, Minnesota, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Washington, and Wyoming.  


'''1880 Census Indexes'''  
'''1880 Census Indexes'''  
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