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=== Language Characteristics  ===


In Italian, the endings of most words vary according to the way the words are used in a sentence. Who— whose—whom or marry—marries—married are examples of words in English with variant forms. This word list gives the most commonly seen form of each Italian word. As you read Italian records, be aware that almost all words vary with usage. Only some variations are explained in this guide.
==== Gender  ====
Italian nouns are designated as masculine or feminine. For example, vicinanza (neighborhood) is a feminine word, and villaggio (village) is a masculine word. Generally, nouns ending in -a are feminine, nouns ending -e may be either masculine or feminine, and nouns ending in -o are masculine.
Adjectives and articles (a, an, the) will have either masculine or feminine endings for the noun they modify: -a for feminine singular nouns, -o for masculine singular nouns. For example, in Italian you write ava paterna (paternal grandmother) or avo paterno (paternal grandfather).
==== Plurals  ====
For nouns ending with -a, the plural is formed by replacing the last letter with -e; for nouns ending in -o or -e, replace the last letter with -i to form the plural. For example, figlia (daughter) becomes figlie (daughters), and padrino (godfather) becomes padrini (godparents).
Articles and adjectives take -e as the feminine plural ending, and -i as the masculine plural ending. Buona figlia becomes buone figlie (good daughters) and buono padrino becomes buoni padrini (good godparents).
==== Verb tense  ====
Verbs also vary depending on mood, who is acting, and whether the action is in the past, present, or future. For example, the Italian verb sposare (to marry) could appear with various endings:
{| width="100%"
|-
|
| '''Present'''
| '''Past'''
|-
|
| ''marry, is/are married:''
| ''married, was/were married:''
|-
| (she/he)
| sposa, è sposato
| sposò, fu sposato
|-
| (they)
| sposano, sono sposati
| sposarono, furono sposati
|}
=== Diacritic Marks  ===
The Italian language has several additional letters with diacritic marks: à, è, ì, ò, and ù. These diacritic marks indicate a change in pronunciation, but do not affect alphabetical order. They are more often used in recent documents.
=== Spelling  ===
Spelling rules were not fixed in earlier centuries when records of our ancestors were written. The k, j, and w are only used in foreign words. The following spelling variations may be found:
y or j used for i
i used for j
=== Additional Resources  ===
This word list includes words most commonly found in genealogical sources. For further help, use an Italian- English dictionary. At the FamilySearch Library, the Italian dictionaries are cataloged with the call number 453.21. The following dictionary is also available on microfilm for use in FamilySearch Centers:
*Orlandi, Giusseppe. ''Dizionario Italiano-inglese, Inglese-italiano [Italian-English, English-italian Dictionary].'' Milano: Carlo Signorelli, 1957. (FS Library film 1,181,660 item 5.)
=== Key Words  ===
To find and use specific types of Italian records, you will need to know some key words in Italian. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Italian words with the same or similar meanings.
For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Italian words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, and other words used in Italian records to indicate marriage.
{| class="plain"
|-
| '''English'''
| '''Italian'''
|-
| banns
| pubblicazioni, notificazioni
|-
| baptism(s)
| battesimo, battezzato (-i), battezzata (-e)
|-
| birth(s)
| nascita, nata (-e), nato (-i)
|-
| burial(s)
| sepoltura, sepolta (-e), seppellimento, sepolto (-i)
|-
| child
| bambino, neonato, infante (-i), neonata (-e)
|-
| christening(s)
| battesimo, battezzato (-i), battezzata (-e)
|-
| confirmation(s)
| cresima (-e), confermazione (-i)
|-
| death(s)
| morte, decesso, morire, decedere, morto (-i), morta (-e),
|-
| father
| padre
|-
| husband
| sposo, marito, coniuge
|-
| index
| indice
|-
| marriage(s)
| matrimonio, sposare, unire, sposato, coniugato, maritato (-i), sposata, coniugata, maritata (-e)
|-
| month
| mese
|-
| mother
| madre
|-
| name
| nome
|-
| parents
| genitori
|-
| parish
| parrocchia
|-
| sex
| sesso, mascolino , maschile, maschio, femminino, femminile, femmina
|-
| surname
| cognome
|-
| wife
| sposa, moglie, coniuge
|-
| year
| anno
|}


=== Latin Genealogical Word List  ===
=== Latin Genealogical Word List  ===
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