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| | link5=[[Thailand Languages|Languages]] | | | link5=[[Thailand Languages|Languages]] |
| }} | | }} |
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| The national language of Thailand is Thai, spoken by about 53% of the population. Many more speak it as a second language. Lao is spoken by about 27%, and Chinese 12%. Malay is spoken by 4% and Khmer 3%. English is widely used in business, as are many of the Chinese dialects. Records were kept in Thai, Lao, Malay, Chinese and English.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Thailand,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 2001.</ref>
| |
| ===Guidelines for Romanizing Thai Personal Names===
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|
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| ====Vowels====
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|
| |
| {| width="70%" border="1"
| |
| |-
| |
| |'''Thai'''
| |
| |'''English'''
| |
| ! colspan="5" |'''Examples'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |ะ, ั, า
| |
| |a, ar
| |
| |ปาน -<br>Parn
| |
| |สังวาลย์ -<br>Sangwarn
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |<div style="text-align:center">ิ</div>
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| |i,
| |
| |กลิ่น -<br>Glin
| |
| |ทิพย์ -<br>Tip, Thip
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |<div style="text-align:center">ี</div>
| |
| |i, ee
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| |มี -<br>Mee
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| |ศรี -<br>See, Sri
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |<div style="text-align:center">ึ, ื</div>
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| |ue
| |
| |จือ -<br>Jue
| |
| |ผึ้ง -<br>Pueng
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |<div style="text-align:center">ุ, ู</div>
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| |oo, u, uu
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| |บุญ -<br>Boon
| |
| |กุล -<br>Koon, Kul
| |
| |ตุย -<br>Tui
| |
| |พฤกษ์ -<br>Pruuk
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |เ, เ-ะ
| |
| |ai, e
| |
| |เสน -<br>Sen, Sain
| |
| |เทพ -<br>Tep, Thep
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |แ, แ-ะ
| |
| |ae, a
| |
| |แก้ว -<br>Kaew
| |
| |แดง -<br>Daeng, Dang
| |
| |แพงพัน -<br>Phaengphan
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |โ, โ-ะ
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| |o, oa
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| |โต -<br>To
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| |เทพ -<br>Tep, Thep
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |ออ, เ-าะ
| |
| |or
| |
| |ละออ -<br>La-or
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |เ-ี, เ-ีะ
| |
| |ia
| |
| |เชียง -<br>Chiang
| |
| |เฉลียว -<br>Chaliaw
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |เ-ื, เ-ืะ
| |
| |ua
| |
| |เดือน -<br>Duan
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| |เมือง -<br>Muang
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| |เหลือง -<br>Luang
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |ใ, ไ, -ัย,ไ-ย,-าย
| |
| |ai
| |
| |ไหม -<br>Mai
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| |ใกล้ -<br>Klai
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| |ลาย -<br>Lai
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| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |<div style="text-align:center">ำ</div>
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| |am
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| |กำธร -<br>Kamtorn
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| |ดำ -<br>Dam
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| |ทำ, ธรรม -<br>Tham
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |เ-า,-าว
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| |ao
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| |เผ่า -<br>Pao
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| |เจ้า -<br>Jao
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| |เ-ิ
| |
| |er, oe
| |
| |เงิน -<br>Ngoen
| |
| |เจริญ -<br>Charoen
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |-
| |
| | -ัว
| |
| |uo,ua
| |
| |ผวน -<br>Puon
| |
| |สำรวย -<br>Samruoy
| |
| |สงวน -<br>Sa-nguon
| |
| |ดวง -<br>Duong
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| |บัว -<br>Bua
| |
| |-
| |
| |เ-ย
| |
| |oei, oey
| |
| |เหมย -<br>Moei
| |
| |คลองเตย -<br>Klongtoey
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |}
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|
| |
| ====Consonants====
| |
|
| |
| {| width="30%" border="1"
| |
| |-
| |
| | width="15%" |'''Thai'''
| |
| | width="15%" |'''English'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |ก, ข, ค, ฆ
| |
| |k, g
| |
| |-
| |
| |ง
| |
| |ng
| |
| |-
| |
| |จ
| |
| |j
| |
| |-
| |
| |ฉ, ช, ฌ
| |
| |ch, sh
| |
| |-
| |
| |ญ, ย
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| |y
| |
| |-
| |
| |ฎ, ด
| |
| |d
| |
| |-
| |
| |ฏ, ต
| |
| |t
| |
| |-
| |
| |ฐ, ฑ, ฒ, ถ, ท, ธ
| |
| |t, th
| |
| |-
| |
| |ณ, น
| |
| |n
| |
| |-
| |
| |บ
| |
| |b
| |
| |-
| |
| |ป
| |
| |p
| |
| |-
| |
| |ผ, พ, ภ
| |
| |p, ph
| |
| |-
| |
| |ฝ, ฟ
| |
| |f
| |
| |-
| |
| |ม
| |
| |m
| |
| |-
| |
| |ร
| |
| |r
| |
| |-
| |
| |ล, ฬ
| |
| |l
| |
| |-
| |
| |ว
| |
| |w
| |
| |-
| |
| |ศ, ษ, ส
| |
| |s
| |
| |-
| |
| |ห, ฮ
| |
| |h
| |
| |-
| |
| |อ
| |
| |a, or
| |
| |-
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ===Guidelines for Romanizing Thai Place Names===
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|
| |
| Refer to Thailand Gazetteers page: [[Thailand Gazetteers]]
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|
| |
| ===Key Words===
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|
| |
| To find and use specific types of Thai records, you will need to know some key words in Thai. This section gives key genealogical terms in English and the Thai words with the same or similar meanings.
| |
|
| |
| For example, in the first column you will find the English word marriage. In the second column you will find Thai words with meanings such as marry, marriage, wedding, wedlock, unite, joined, and other words used in Thai records to indicate marriage.
| |
|
| |
| {| width="75%" border="1"
| |
| |-
| |
| | width="25%" |'''English'''
| |
| |'''Thai'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |birth
| |
| |การเกิด, การกำเนิด, การคลอด,จุดเริ่ม
| |
| |-
| |
| |Buddhist
| |
| |ศาสนาพุทธ
| |
| |-
| |
| |burial
| |
| |การฝัง, การฝังศพ
| |
| |-
| |
| |Catholic
| |
| |เกี่ยวกับศาสนาคริสต์นิกายโรมันคาทอลิก, ผู้นับถือนิกายโรมันคาทอลิก
| |
| |-
| |
| |child
| |
| |เด็ก, ทารก, บุตรหลาน, ลูก
| |
| |-
| |
| |christening
| |
| |การทำพิธีรับเข้าเป็นศริสต์ศาสนิกชน, ตั้งชื่อให้ในพิธีดังกล่าว
| |
| |-
| |
| |confirmations
| |
| |การยืนยัน, การรับรอง
| |
| |-
| |
| |civil registry
| |
| |สูติบัตร, ใบเกิด <br>
| |
| |-
| |
| |daughter
| |
| |ลูกสาว, ธิดา, บุตรี
| |
| |-
| |
| |death
| |
| |ความตาย, ความสิ้นสุด
| |
| |-
| |
| |father
| |
| |พ่อ, บิดา
| |
| |-
| |
| |Hindu
| |
| |ศาสนาฮินดู, ชาวฮินดู
| |
| |-
| |
| |husband
| |
| |สามี, ผัว
| |
| |-
| |
| |index
| |
| |ดัชนี, เครื่องชี้
| |
| |-
| |
| |Islam
| |
| |ศานาอิสลาม
| |
| |-
| |
| |Islamic
| |
| |ชาวมุสลิม
| |
| |-
| |
| |Jewish
| |
| |ชาวยิว
| |
| |-
| |
| |Latter-day Saint
| |
| |วิสุทธิชนยุคสุดท้าย
| |
| |-
| |
| |marriage registration
| |
| |ใบทะเบียนสมรส,เอกสารการสมรส<br>
| |
| |-
| |
| |marriage
| |
| |การแต่งงาน, วิวาห์, การสมรส, การวิวาห์, การครองเรือน
| |
| |-
| |
| |month
| |
| |เดือน
| |
| |-
| |
| |mother
| |
| |แม่, มารดา
| |
| |-
| |
| |name, given
| |
| |ชื่อที่่บิดามารดาตั้งให้ตอนเกิด
| |
| |-
| |
| |name, surname
| |
| |นามสกุล, ขื่อสกุล
| |
| |-
| |
| |parents
| |
| |พ่อแม่, ผู้ปกครอง, บูรพาจารย์
| |
| |-
| |
| |parish
| |
| |เขตการปกครองที่่มีโบสถ์ประจำท้องถิ่น, ข้อมูลที่่โบสถ์เก็บไว้<br>
| |
| |-
| |
| |Protestant
| |
| |ศาสนาคริสต์นิกายโปรเตสแตนต์, ผู้นับถือนิกายดังกล่าว<br>
| |
| |-
| |
| |Sikh
| |
| |แขกซิกข์, ผู้นับถือศาสนาซิกข์
| |
| |-
| |
| |son
| |
| |บุตรชาย, โอรส
| |
| |-
| |
| |wife
| |
| |ภรรยา, เมีย
| |
| |-
| |
| |year
| |
| |ปี
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| ===Calendar, Months, Days===
| |
|
| |
| To work with Thai family history records, you will need to understand the Thai calendar and know the related words in Thai. This section gives key calendar terms in English and the Thai words with the same or similar meanings.
| |
|
| |
| ====Thai Calendars====
| |
|
| |
| The following Wikipedia.org articles explain the two Thai calendar systems:
| |
|
| |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_lunar_calendar Thai Lunar Calendar]
| |
| *[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar Thai Solar Calendar]
| |
|
| |
| ====Thai Calendar Translations====
| |
|
| |
| {| width="40%" border="1"
| |
| |-
| |
| | width="25%" |'''English'''
| |
| |'''Thai'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |January
| |
| | มกราคม
| |
| |-
| |
| |February
| |
| | กุมภาพันธ์
| |
| |-
| |
| |March
| |
| | มีนาคม
| |
| |-
| |
| |April
| |
| | เมษายน
| |
| |-
| |
| |May
| |
| | พฤษภาคม
| |
| |-
| |
| |June
| |
| | มิถุนายน
| |
| |-
| |
| |July
| |
| | กรกฎาคม
| |
| |-
| |
| |August
| |
| | สิงหาคม
| |
| |-
| |
| |September
| |
| | กันยายน
| |
| |-
| |
| |October
| |
| | ตุลาคม
| |
| |-
| |
| |November
| |
| | พฤศจิกายน
| |
| |-
| |
| |December
| |
| | ธันวาคม
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
| {| width="40%" border="1"
| |
| |-
| |
| | width="25%" |'''English'''
| |
| |'''Thai'''
| |
| |-
| |
| |Sunday
| |
| | วันอาทิตย์
| |
| |-
| |
| |Monday
| |
| | วันจันทร์
| |
| |-
| |
| |Tuesday
| |
| | วันอังคาร
| |
| |-
| |
| |Wednesday
| |
| | วันพุธ
| |
| |-
| |
| |Thursday
| |
| | วันพฤหัสบดี
| |
| |-
| |
| |Friday
| |
| | วันศุกร์
| |
| |-
| |
| |Saturday
| |
| | วันเสาร์
| |
| |}
| |
|
| |
|
| ==Description== | | ==Description== |
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| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Thai_language '''Kam Mueang'''] - also known as '''Northern Thai'''. | | * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Thai_language '''Kam Mueang'''] - also known as '''Northern Thai'''. |
| * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thai_language '''Pak Tai'''] - also known as '''Southern Thai''' and '''Dambro''' | | * [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Southern_Thai_language '''Pak Tai'''] - also known as '''Southern Thai''' and '''Dambro''' |
| | |
| | The national language of Thailand is Thai, spoken by about 53% of the population. Many more speak it as a second language. Lao is spoken by about 27%, and Chinese 12%. Malay is spoken by 4% and Khmer 3%. English is widely used in business, as are many of the Chinese dialects. Records were kept in Thai, Lao, Malay, Chinese and English.<ref name="profile">The Family History Department of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, “Family History Record Profile: Thailand,” Word document, private files of the FamilySearch Content Strategy Team, 2001.</ref> |
|
| |
|
| ==Word List(s)== | | ==Word List(s)== |
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| * [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Northern-thai/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings Northern-thai Vocabulary] - Polyglot Wiki | | * [https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/Language/Northern-thai/Vocabulary/How-to-Say-Hello-and-Greetings Northern-thai Vocabulary] - Polyglot Wiki |
| * [https://midtownratsada.com/southern-thai/central-thai-southern-thai-vocabulary-phrases Central Thai & Southern Thai Vocabulary & Phrases] - Hotel Midtown | | * [https://midtownratsada.com/southern-thai/central-thai-southern-thai-vocabulary-phrases Central Thai & Southern Thai Vocabulary & Phrases] - Hotel Midtown |
| | [[Thai Genealogical Word List|Thai Genealogical Word List]] |
|
| |
|
| ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | | ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== |