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There are many sources with information about the Cherokees. For example, see:  
There are many sources with information about the Cherokees. For example, see:  


*Allen, Maud Bliss. ''Census Records and Cherokee Muster Rolls''. Washington, D.C.: n.p., 1935. {{FHL|45151|item|disp=FS Library film 908999 item 2; book 970.3 C424am}} This source contains the Cherokee census of 1835 of Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee.
*Allen, Maud Bliss. ''Census Records and Cherokee Muster Rolls''. Washington, D.C.: n.p., 1935. {{FSC|45151|item|disp=FS Library film 908999 item 2; book 970.3 C424am}} This source contains the Cherokee census of 1835 of Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee.


Two publications listing Cherokees east of the Mississippi in 1835 are:  
Two publications listing Cherokees east of the Mississippi in 1835 are:  


*Tyner, James W. ''Those Who Cried: The 16,000: A Record of the Individual Cherokees Listed in the United States Official Census of the Cherokee Nation Conducted in 1835''. N.p.: Chi-ga-u, 1974. {{FHL|438530|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C424tj}} Non-Cherokee census takers in 1835 made lists of Cherokees in Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. There are some errors because they did not understand the native languages. The government defined a person as an Indian if he or she had one-quarter degree of Indian blood. The book is indexed and has excellent maps for that period.
*Tyner, James W. ''Those Who Cried: The 16,000: A Record of the Individual Cherokees Listed in the United States Official Census of the Cherokee Nation Conducted in 1835''. N.p.: Chi-ga-u, 1974. {{FSC|438530|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C424tj}} Non-Cherokee census takers in 1835 made lists of Cherokees in Alabama, Georgia, North Carolina, and Tennessee. There are some errors because they did not understand the native languages. The government defined a person as an Indian if he or she had one-quarter degree of Indian blood. The book is indexed and has excellent maps for that period.


This book provides the name of the head of the household and the number of whites and full-, half-, or quarter-blood Indians in the home. It also shows occupations, number of slaves owned, whether the people read English or Cherokee, and may mention if they owned a home, farm, or mill.  
This book provides the name of the head of the household and the number of whites and full-, half-, or quarter-blood Indians in the home. It also shows occupations, number of slaves owned, whether the people read English or Cherokee, and may mention if they owned a home, farm, or mill.  


*United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. ''Census Roll, 1835, of the Cherokee Indians East of the Mississippi and Index to the Roll, Tennessee, Alabama, North Carolina, Georgia.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, T0496. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1960. {{FHL|284332|item|disp=FS Library film 833322}}
*United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. ''Census Roll, 1835, of the Cherokee Indians East of the Mississippi and Index to the Roll, Tennessee, Alabama, North Carolina, Georgia.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, T0496. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1960. {{FSC|284332|item|disp=FS Library film 833322}}


A list is available of the Cherokees living in Alabama in 1851:  
A list is available of the Cherokees living in Alabama in 1851:  


*Siler, David W. ''The Eastern Cherokees, A Census of the Cherokee Nation in North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia in 1851.'' Cottonport, Louisiana: Polyanthus, 1972. {{FHL|60983|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C424sd}} This list contains the names of each person’s father, mother and children, with their ages and relationship (De Kalb, Jackson, and Marshall Counties). An index is included.
*Siler, David W. ''The Eastern Cherokees, A Census of the Cherokee Nation in North Carolina, Tennessee, Alabama and Georgia in 1851.'' Cottonport, Louisiana: Polyanthus, 1972. {{FSC|60983|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C424sd}} This list contains the names of each person’s father, mother and children, with their ages and relationship (De Kalb, Jackson, and Marshall Counties). An index is included.


For a history of the Cherokees to about 1835, and a map showing the Cherokee towns in the Alabama area, see:  
For a history of the Cherokees to about 1835, and a map showing the Cherokee towns in the Alabama area, see:  


*Malone, Henry Thompson. ''Cherokees of the Old South: A People in Transition''. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 1956. {{FHL|81182|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C424ma}} See the maps before the preface. At the end of the book there is a bibliography.
*Malone, Henry Thompson. ''Cherokees of the Old South: A People in Transition''. Athens, Georgia: University of Georgia Press, 1956. {{FSC|81182|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C424ma}} See the maps before the preface. At the end of the book there is a bibliography.


==== Additional Cherokee Records  ====
==== Additional Cherokee Records  ====


*United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. [[Cherokee Indian Agency (Tennessee)|Cherokee Agency]]. ''Records of the Cherokee Agency in Tennessee, 1801–1835.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0208. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1952. {{FHL|285733|item|disp=FS Library films 1024418–31}} These records deal with the entire Cherokee Nation. They contain information about passes given to people during 1801 to 1804 allowing them to go through the Cherokee lands. These records also mention claims filed 1816 to 1833 and include the names of Army officers at posts; unauthorized settlements on Indian lands; land office records; and names of traders, settlers, missionaries, chiefs, and members of the tribe. See the introduction at the beginning of the first film to learn about the contents of these records. Many individuals are listed, however there is no index.  
*United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs. [[Cherokee Indian Agency (Tennessee)|Cherokee Agency]]. ''Records of the Cherokee Agency in Tennessee, 1801–1835.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0208. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1952. {{FSC|285733|item|disp=FS Library films 1024418–31}} These records deal with the entire Cherokee Nation. They contain information about passes given to people during 1801 to 1804 allowing them to go through the Cherokee lands. These records also mention claims filed 1816 to 1833 and include the names of Army officers at posts; unauthorized settlements on Indian lands; land office records; and names of traders, settlers, missionaries, chiefs, and members of the tribe. See the introduction at the beginning of the first film to learn about the contents of these records. Many individuals are listed, however there is no index.  
*United States. Office of Indian Affairs. ''Letters Received, 1824–1881; Registers of Letters Received, 1824–1880.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0018, M0234. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1942, 1956. {{FHL|403528|item|disp=FS Library film 1638620 (first of 1088 films)}} There are letters in this collection pertaining to each of the major tribes, but they are not indexed.
*United States. Office of Indian Affairs. ''Letters Received, 1824–1881; Registers of Letters Received, 1824–1880.'' National Archives Microfilm Publications, M0018, M0234. Washington, D.C.: National Archives, 1942, 1956. {{FSC|403528|item|disp=FS Library film 1638620 (first of 1088 films)}} There are letters in this collection pertaining to each of the major tribes, but they are not indexed.


=== Chickasaw  ===
=== Chickasaw  ===
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For a history of the [[Chickasaw Indians|Chickasaw nation]], see:  
For a history of the [[Chickasaw Indians|Chickasaw nation]], see:  


*Malone, James H. ''The Chickasaw Nation: A Short Sketch of A Noble People''. Louisville, Kentucky: John P. Morton, 1922. {{FHL|572741|title-id|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C432m}} A map at the end of the book shows the Mississippi and Alabama lands ceded by the Chickasaws in 1835.
*Malone, James H. ''The Chickasaw Nation: A Short Sketch of A Noble People''. Louisville, Kentucky: John P. Morton, 1922. {{FSC|572741|title-id|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C432m}} A map at the end of the book shows the Mississippi and Alabama lands ceded by the Chickasaws in 1835.


=== Choctaw  ===
=== Choctaw  ===
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A 1831 list of [[Choctaw Indians|Choctaws]] in Alabama and Mississippi is in:  
A 1831 list of [[Choctaw Indians|Choctaws]] in Alabama and Mississippi is in:  


*''American State Papers: {{FHL|309454|item|disp= FS Library film 1631827 (first of 32 films); fiche 6051323}}, Legislative and Executive of the Congress of the United States'' cited under the subheading France (1710–1763) in [[Alabama Land and Property]]. Volume Seven, on Family History Library film 944499 item 2, pages 1–140, has the 1831 Armstrong roll of Choctaws owning farms who were entitled to receive land under the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek of 1830. The volume is indexed. These records are like a census, listing head of family, the number of males over 16, number of males and females under 10, number of acres, and location.
*''American State Papers: {{FSC|309454|item|disp= FS Library film 1631827 (first of 32 films); fiche 6051323}}, Legislative and Executive of the Congress of the United States'' cited under the subheading France (1710–1763) in [[Alabama Land and Property]]. Volume Seven, on Family History Library film 944499 item 2, pages 1–140, has the 1831 Armstrong roll of Choctaws owning farms who were entitled to receive land under the Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek of 1830. The volume is indexed. These records are like a census, listing head of family, the number of males over 16, number of males and females under 10, number of acres, and location.


=== Creek  ===
=== Creek  ===
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Some published sources with information about the [[Creek Indians|Creek]] People are:  
Some published sources with information about the [[Creek Indians|Creek]] People are:  


*Snider, Billie Ford. ''Full Name Indexes, Eastern Creek Indians East of the Mississippi.'' Pensacola, Florida: Antique Compiling, 1993. {{FHL|700946|item|disp=FS Library fiche 6126087; book 970.3 C861sb}} This source lists ancestors of the Eastern Creeks living in 1814 and descendants to about 1972. The final chapter contains a detailed history of the Creeks from the 1600s to 1973 and offers suggestions for Eastern Creek Indian ancestral research.  
*Snider, Billie Ford. ''Full Name Indexes, Eastern Creek Indians East of the Mississippi.'' Pensacola, Florida: Antique Compiling, 1993. {{FSC|700946|item|disp=FS Library fiche 6126087; book 970.3 C861sb}} This source lists ancestors of the Eastern Creeks living in 1814 and descendants to about 1972. The final chapter contains a detailed history of the Creeks from the 1600s to 1973 and offers suggestions for Eastern Creek Indian ancestral research.  
*Stiggins, George. ''Creek Indian History: A Historical Narrative of the Genealogy, Traditions and Downfall of the Ispocoga or Creek Indian Tribe of Indians''. Birmingham, Alabama: Birmingham Public Library Press, 1989. {{FHL|483336|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C861s}} A bibliography is found on pages 166–70.  
*Stiggins, George. ''Creek Indian History: A Historical Narrative of the Genealogy, Traditions and Downfall of the Ispocoga or Creek Indian Tribe of Indians''. Birmingham, Alabama: Birmingham Public Library Press, 1989. {{FSC|483336|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C861s}} A bibliography is found on pages 166–70.  
*Eggleston, George Cary. ''Red Eagle and the Wars with the Creek Indians.'' New York: Dodd, Mead and Company Publishers, 1878. Digital version at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/533302-red-eagle-and-the-wars-with-the-creek-indians-of-alabama?offset=1 FamilySearch Digital Library] - free.
*Eggleston, George Cary. ''Red Eagle and the Wars with the Creek Indians.'' New York: Dodd, Mead and Company Publishers, 1878. Digital version at [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/533302-red-eagle-and-the-wars-with-the-creek-indians-of-alabama?offset=1 FamilySearch Digital Library] - free.


Rolls were prepared in 1832 of the Lower Creeks and the Upper Creeks. They contain the names of principal chiefs and heads of households, where they resided, number of people in the household and whether they owned slaves:  
Rolls were prepared in 1832 of the Lower Creeks and the Upper Creeks. They contain the names of principal chiefs and heads of households, where they resided, number of people in the household and whether they owned slaves:  


*Abbott, Thomas J. ''Creek Census of 1832 (Lower Creeks).'' Laguna Hills, California: Histree, 1987. {{FHL|571201|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C861a}} This is indexed by name.  
*Abbott, Thomas J. ''Creek Census of 1832 (Lower Creeks).'' Laguna Hills, California: Histree, 1987. {{FSC|571201|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C861a}} This is indexed by name.  
*Parsons, Benjamin S. Creek Census of 1832 (Upper Creeks). Laguna Hills, California: Histree, 1987. {{FHL|613309|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C861pa}} This is indexed by name.
*Parsons, Benjamin S. Creek Census of 1832 (Upper Creeks). Laguna Hills, California: Histree, 1987. {{FSC|613309|item|disp=FS Library book 970.3 C861pa}} This is indexed by name.


=== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs  ===
=== Agencies of the Bureau of Indian Affairs  ===
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*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]
*[[American Indian Vital Records Supplements in Census Rolls|Vital records]]


The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Washington has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. {{FHL|247426|item|disp=FS Library book 970.1 H551o}}</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. {{FHL|207428|item|disp=FS Library book 970.1 H551g}}</ref>, and others.  
The following list of agencies that have operated or now exist in Washington has been compiled from Hill's ''Office of Indian Affairs...''<ref>Hill, Edward E. ''The Office of Indian Affairs, 1824-1880: Historical Sketches'', Clearwater Publishing Co., Inc. 1974. {{FSC|247426|item|disp=FS Library book 970.1 H551o}}</ref>, Hill's ''Guide to Records in the National Archives Relating to American Indians''<ref>Hill, Edward E. (comp.). ''Guide to Records in the National Archives of the United States Relating to American Indians''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration, 1981. {{FSC|207428|item|disp=FS Library book 970.1 H551g}}</ref>, and others.  


*[[Choctaw Indian Agency (Mississippi)|Choctaw Agency]], 421 Powell, Philadelphia, MS, 39350
*[[Choctaw Indian Agency (Mississippi)|Choctaw Agency]], 421 Powell, Philadelphia, MS, 39350
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General histories with information about the events involving the American Indians in Alabama are:  
General histories with information about the events involving the American Indians in Alabama are:  


*Pickett, Albert James. ''History of Alabama and Incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi, From the Earliest Period''. Sheffield, Alabama: R.C. Randolph, 1896. {{FHL|192476|item|disp=FS Library film 924406; book 976.1 H2p}} This book gives a chronological history of the events affecting the American Indians to about 1820.  
*Pickett, Albert James. ''History of Alabama and Incidentally of Georgia and Mississippi, From the Earliest Period''. Sheffield, Alabama: R.C. Randolph, 1896. {{FSC|192476|item|disp=FS Library film 924406; book 976.1 H2p}} This book gives a chronological history of the events affecting the American Indians to about 1820.  
*Young, Mary Elizabeth. ''Redskins, Ruffle shirts and Rednecks: [[American Indian Allotment Records|Indian Allotments]] in Alabama and Mississippi 1830–1860.'' The Civilization of the American Indian Series. Norman. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1961. {{FHL|404569|item|disp=FS Library book 970.1 Y86r}} This book describes the opening up and sale of Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek Indian lands until about the 1840s. An excellent bibliography is found at the end of the book.
*Young, Mary Elizabeth. ''Redskins, Ruffle shirts and Rednecks: [[American Indian Allotment Records|Indian Allotments]] in Alabama and Mississippi 1830–1860.'' The Civilization of the American Indian Series. Norman. Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1961. {{FSC|404569|item|disp=FS Library book 970.1 Y86r}} This book describes the opening up and sale of Chickasaw, Choctaw, and Creek Indian lands until about the 1840s. An excellent bibliography is found at the end of the book.


=== Reservations  ===
=== Reservations  ===
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=== References  ===
=== References  ===


''Redskins Ruffle shirts and Rednecks-Indian Allotments in Alabama and Mississippi 1830-1860. ''by Mary Elizabeth Young. C. 1961 University of Oklahoma Pres. Norman, Oklahoma. Library of Congress number: 61-15150. {{FHL|404569|item|disp=FS Library book970.1 Y86r}}  
''Redskins Ruffle shirts and Rednecks-Indian Allotments in Alabama and Mississippi 1830-1860. ''by Mary Elizabeth Young. C. 1961 University of Oklahoma Pres. Norman, Oklahoma. Library of Congress number: 61-15150. {{FSC|404569|item|disp=FS Library book970.1 Y86r}}  


::This book contains maps showing: Location of Creek allotments and original counties of the Creek Cession Land Offerings.
::This book contains maps showing: Location of Creek allotments and original counties of the Creek Cession Land Offerings.
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*''Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~texlance/records/bia(dc)intro.htm Available online]  
*''Preliminary Inventory No. 163: Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs''. Washington DC: National Archives and Records Services. [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~texlance/records/bia(dc)intro.htm Available online]  
*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/alabama/index.htm Available online]. ([http://public.csusm.edu/nadp/swanton/ ISBN 0-8063-1730-2 ]L of C 2002117802)  
*Swanton John R. ''The Indian Tribes of North America''. Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology, Bulletin #145 [http://www.accessgenealogy.com/native/alabama/index.htm Available online]. ([http://public.csusm.edu/nadp/swanton/ ISBN 0-8063-1730-2 ]L of C 2002117802)  
*Tiller, Veronica E. Velarde., ''American Indian Reservations and Trust Areas. ''C. 1996, Tiller Research Incorporated. Family History Library {{FHL|1495765|title-id|disp=book 970.1 T463a No ISBN, or LC #}}
*Tiller, Veronica E. Velarde., ''American Indian Reservations and Trust Areas. ''C. 1996, Tiller Research Incorporated. Family History Library {{FSC|1495765|title-id|disp=book 970.1 T463a No ISBN, or LC #}}


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