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To understand the land system and records of Indiana, the following may help:  
To understand the land system and records of Indiana, the following may help:  


:*Wilson, George R. Early Indiana Trails and Surveys. Indianapolis, Indiana: C. E. Pauley, 1919. {{FHL|450230|item}}, FS Library book 977.2 B4 v.6 no.3; film 824286 item 13; fiche 6051190}}. This contains the history of early roads and land grants.
:*Wilson, George R. Early Indiana Trails and Surveys. Indianapolis, Indiana: C. E. Pauley, 1919. {{FSC|450230|item}}, FS Library book 977.2 B4 v.6 no.3; film 824286 item 13; fiche 6051190}}. This contains the history of early roads and land grants.


:*This Land of Ours: The Acquisition and Disposition of the Public Domain, {{FHL|410435|item}}, book 977 R2ia, film 2055585 Item 8.
:*This Land of Ours: The Acquisition and Disposition of the Public Domain, {{FSC|410435|item}}, book 977 R2ia, film 2055585 Item 8.


:*An excellent general description of land records in Indiana is found at the [http://www.in.gov/icpr/2582.htm Indiana State Archives web site]
:*An excellent general description of land records in Indiana is found at the [http://www.in.gov/icpr/2582.htm Indiana State Archives web site]
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==== Resources  ====
==== Resources  ====


*United States Congress ''American State Papers: Documents, Legislative and Executive of the Congress of the United States'' La Crosse, Wisconsin: Brookhaven Press, 1959. 38 vols. On 29 films beginning with film 1631827 {{FHL|309454|item}}; classes 8 and 9 are also on films. {{FHL|421351|item}}, book 973 R2ag 1994. Volumes for classes 8 and 9 deal with public lands and claims for 1789 to 1837 and may name siblings or heirs of original claimants. Classes 8 and 9 have been republished in:
*United States Congress ''American State Papers: Documents, Legislative and Executive of the Congress of the United States'' La Crosse, Wisconsin: Brookhaven Press, 1959. 38 vols. On 29 films beginning with film 1631827 {{FSC|309454|item}}; classes 8 and 9 are also on films. {{FSC|421351|item}}, book 973 R2ag 1994. Volumes for classes 8 and 9 deal with public lands and claims for 1789 to 1837 and may name siblings or heirs of original claimants. Classes 8 and 9 have been republished in:


:*United States Congress. ''American State Papers, Class 8: Public Lands''; Class 9: Claims: Documents, Legislative and Executive, of the Congress of the United States. {{FHL|421351|item}}, book 973 R2ag 1994).  The American state papers include many of the private land claims for the early time period prior to statehood
:*United States Congress. ''American State Papers, Class 8: Public Lands''; Class 9: Claims: Documents, Legislative and Executive, of the Congress of the United States. {{FSC|421351|item}}, book 973 R2ag 1994).  The American state papers include many of the private land claims for the early time period prior to statehood


:*McMullin, Phillip W. and United States Congress ''Grassroots of America : a computerized index to the American state papers: land grants and claims (1789-1837) with other aids to research (Government document serial set numbers 28 through 36)'' Greenville, South Carolina: Southern Historical Press, 1994, c1990. {{FHL|690189|item}}, book 973 R2ag index 1990, fiche 6051323 (6 fiche). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/369896 World Cat]
:*McMullin, Phillip W. and United States Congress ''Grassroots of America : a computerized index to the American state papers: land grants and claims (1789-1837) with other aids to research (Government document serial set numbers 28 through 36)'' Greenville, South Carolina: Southern Historical Press, 1994, c1990. {{FSC|690189|item}}, book 973 R2ag index 1990, fiche 6051323 (6 fiche). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/369896 World Cat]


*Cowen, Janet C. ''Jeffersonville Land Entries, 1808-1818''. Indianapolis, Indiana: J.Cowen, 1984. {{FHL|374338|item}}, book 977.2 R2c. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12314556 World Cat]. This is an index to the records at the Jeffersonville land office, which was located in Clark County, in southeastern Indiana. This lists the receipt number, the person who purchased land, state of residence (including county or city), land description (section, township, and range), number of acres, and date of purchase.
*Cowen, Janet C. ''Jeffersonville Land Entries, 1808-1818''. Indianapolis, Indiana: J.Cowen, 1984. {{FSC|374338|item}}, book 977.2 R2c. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12314556 World Cat]. This is an index to the records at the Jeffersonville land office, which was located in Clark County, in southeastern Indiana. This lists the receipt number, the person who purchased land, state of residence (including county or city), land description (section, township, and range), number of acres, and date of purchase.


*English, William Hayden and Clark, George Rogers ''Conquest of the country northwest of the river Ohio, 1778-1783, and life of General George Rogers Clark : with numerous sketches of men who served under Clark and full list of those allotted lands in Clark's grant for service in the campaigns against the British posts, showing exact land allotted each'' Washington [District of Columbia] : L.C. Photoduplication Service, 1986. {{FHL|340293|item}}, film 1454567 items 3-4. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/172982721 World Cat.] Book on line at [http://books.google.com/books?id=-EgSAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=conquest+of+the+country+northwest+of+the+river+Ohio&hl=en&ei=bV2rTJOrKIe8sQOr9MifAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Google books.]
*English, William Hayden and Clark, George Rogers ''Conquest of the country northwest of the river Ohio, 1778-1783, and life of General George Rogers Clark : with numerous sketches of men who served under Clark and full list of those allotted lands in Clark's grant for service in the campaigns against the British posts, showing exact land allotted each'' Washington [District of Columbia] : L.C. Photoduplication Service, 1986. {{FSC|340293|item}}, film 1454567 items 3-4. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/172982721 World Cat.] Book on line at [http://books.google.com/books?id=-EgSAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=conquest+of+the+country+northwest+of+the+river+Ohio&hl=en&ei=bV2rTJOrKIe8sQOr9MifAw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Google books.]


*Lux, Leonard. ''The Vincennes Donation Lands''. Indianapolis, Indiana: Indiana Historical Society, 1949. {{FHL|296315|item}}, book 977.2 B4 vol.15, no.4; film 928192 item 5; fiche 6051134. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1247886 World Cat]. This book lists the names of persons having land claims of 400 acres each in the southwestern part of the state (1788–1792).
*Lux, Leonard. ''The Vincennes Donation Lands''. Indianapolis, Indiana: Indiana Historical Society, 1949. {{FSC|296315|item}}, book 977.2 B4 vol.15, no.4; film 928192 item 5; fiche 6051134. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1247886 World Cat]. This book lists the names of persons having land claims of 400 acres each in the southwestern part of the state (1788–1792).


*Waters, Margaret R. ''Indiana Land Entries''. Two volumes. 1948. Reprint, Knightstown, Indiana: Bookmark, 1977-1979. {{FHL|61826|item}} book 977.2 R2w 1977; fiche 6046718 (7 fiche). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52151905 World Cat]. Volume one has records of the Cincinnati, Ohio, land office, 1801 to 1840, and volume two, for the Vincennes, Indiana, land office, 1807 to 1877. Each volume is indexed and gives the location of the land, the date of the transaction, and the page number in the original land entries.
*Waters, Margaret R. ''Indiana Land Entries''. Two volumes. 1948. Reprint, Knightstown, Indiana: Bookmark, 1977-1979. {{FSC|61826|item}} book 977.2 R2w 1977; fiche 6046718 (7 fiche). [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/52151905 World Cat]. Volume one has records of the Cincinnati, Ohio, land office, 1801 to 1840, and volume two, for the Vincennes, Indiana, land office, 1807 to 1877. Each volume is indexed and gives the location of the land, the date of the transaction, and the page number in the original land entries.


*''WPA Card File'' The Work Projects Administration prepared an extensive card file of over 150,000 index cards many state-level land, court, and military records in the pre–1850 record series at the Archives Division, Commission on Public Records. This is only available to researchers at the [http://www.in.gov/icpr/2647.htm Indiana State Archives] in Indianapolis, Indiana. About 95 percent of the sources indexed cannot be identified easily.
*''WPA Card File'' The Work Projects Administration prepared an extensive card file of over 150,000 index cards many state-level land, court, and military records in the pre–1850 record series at the Archives Division, Commission on Public Records. This is only available to researchers at the [http://www.in.gov/icpr/2647.htm Indiana State Archives] in Indianapolis, Indiana. About 95 percent of the sources indexed cannot be identified easily.


*''Illinois and Wabash land company minutes, 1778-1812'' Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1948. {{FHL|195782|item}}, film 20445 item 5.
*''Illinois and Wabash land company minutes, 1778-1812'' Salt Lake City, Utah : Filmed by the Genealogical Society of Utah, 1948. {{FSC|195782|item}}, film 20445 item 5.


=== Government Land Transfers  ===
=== Government Land Transfers  ===
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*The Bureau of Land Management and General Land Office (BLM-GLO) has an on line [http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/search/default.aspx Land Patent Search] which is an index to millions of ancestors named in federal land patents and warrants from 1788 to the 1960’s located at the National Archives. This is the best place to begin when searching for a land patent because of the ease of navigation when searching for an ancestor. This internet web site also provides many images of patents.
*The Bureau of Land Management and General Land Office (BLM-GLO) has an on line [http://www.glorecords.blm.gov/search/default.aspx Land Patent Search] which is an index to millions of ancestors named in federal land patents and warrants from 1788 to the 1960’s located at the National Archives. This is the best place to begin when searching for a land patent because of the ease of navigation when searching for an ancestor. This internet web site also provides many images of patents.


*United States. Bureau of Land Management. ''Card Files''. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Land Management, 19—. On 160 Family History Library films {{FHL|511740|item}} beginning with film 1501522. Each card contains the following information: Certificate number District Land Office Kind of entry (cash, credit, warrant, etc.) Name of patentee and county of origin Land description Number of acres Date of patent Volume and page where document can be located . Because these index cards are arranged by township and range within each state, the researcher will need to already have an approximate legal description in order to access these cards.
*United States. Bureau of Land Management. ''Card Files''. Washington, D.C.: Bureau of Land Management, 19—. On 160 Family History Library films {{FSC|511740|item}} beginning with film 1501522. Each card contains the following information: Certificate number District Land Office Kind of entry (cash, credit, warrant, etc.) Name of patentee and county of origin Land description Number of acres Date of patent Volume and page where document can be located . Because these index cards are arranged by township and range within each state, the researcher will need to already have an approximate legal description in order to access these cards.


:*Bureau of Land Management<br>Eastern States Office<br>7450 Boston Boulevard<br>Springfield, VA 22153<br>Telephone: 703-440-1600<br>Fax: 703-440-1609<br>
:*Bureau of Land Management<br>Eastern States Office<br>7450 Boston Boulevard<br>Springfield, VA 22153<br>Telephone: 703-440-1600<br>Fax: 703-440-1609<br>
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*The [[National Archives at Chicago]], Illinois, has General Land Office applications (record group 49) to purchase land, and registers of cash certificates and sales (1808–1876). They are arranged by land office, then chronologically.
*The [[National Archives at Chicago]], Illinois, has General Land Office applications (record group 49) to purchase land, and registers of cash certificates and sales (1808–1876). They are arranged by land office, then chronologically.


*Cowen, Janet C. ''Crawfordsville, Indiana Land Entries, 1820–1830''. Indianapolis, Indiana, J.C. Cowen, 1985. {{FHL|452665|item}}, book 977.2 R2cL.[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12894614 World Cat] This land office was in the central part of western Indiana, serving the counties of Benton, Boone, Carroll, Clay, Clinton, Fountain, Hendricks, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Owen, Parke, Putnam, Vermillion, Warren, and White. This index provides the receipt number, person’s name, state and county of residence (this may be their previous residence prior in another state), location by range and township, number of acres, and date.
*Cowen, Janet C. ''Crawfordsville, Indiana Land Entries, 1820–1830''. Indianapolis, Indiana, J.C. Cowen, 1985. {{FSC|452665|item}}, book 977.2 R2cL.[http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/12894614 World Cat] This land office was in the central part of western Indiana, serving the counties of Benton, Boone, Carroll, Clay, Clinton, Fountain, Hendricks, Monroe, Montgomery, Morgan, Owen, Parke, Putnam, Vermillion, Warren, and White. This index provides the receipt number, person’s name, state and county of residence (this may be their previous residence prior in another state), location by range and township, number of acres, and date.


*Cowen, Janet C. ''Indiana Original Land Entries, Volume 3'', Brookville, Indianapolis, 1820–1831. Indianapolis, Indiana: J. C. Cowen, 1986. {{FHL|428283|item}}, book 977.2 R2co. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/17228814 World Cat.] This covers land sales in the central Indiana counties of Boone, Brown, Clinton, Decatur, Delaware, Fayette, Franklin, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Henry, Johnson, Madison, Marion, Morgan, Randolph, Ripley, Rush, Shelby, Union, and Wayne. This index provides the receipt number, person’s name, state and county of residence (this may be their previous residence in another state), location by range and township, number of acres, and date.
*Cowen, Janet C. ''Indiana Original Land Entries, Volume 3'', Brookville, Indianapolis, 1820–1831. Indianapolis, Indiana: J. C. Cowen, 1986. {{FSC|428283|item}}, book 977.2 R2co. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/17228814 World Cat.] This covers land sales in the central Indiana counties of Boone, Brown, Clinton, Decatur, Delaware, Fayette, Franklin, Hamilton, Hancock, Hendricks, Henry, Johnson, Madison, Marion, Morgan, Randolph, Ripley, Rush, Shelby, Union, and Wayne. This index provides the receipt number, person’s name, state and county of residence (this may be their previous residence in another state), location by range and township, number of acres, and date.


*Helpful maps that show the territories, territorial counties, early counties, land offices, forts, rivers, railroads, canals, and roads are found on pages 1 to 21 of Malinda E. E. Newhard’s book ''A Guide to Genealogical Records in Indiana'', {{FHL|143462|item}}, book 977.2 D27n.
*Helpful maps that show the territories, territorial counties, early counties, land offices, forts, rivers, railroads, canals, and roads are found on pages 1 to 21 of Malinda E. E. Newhard’s book ''A Guide to Genealogical Records in Indiana'', {{FSC|143462|item}}, book 977.2 D27n.


*The [http://www.in.gov/serv/icpr_homestead Hoosier Homestead Award] is a program which recognizes farms that have been owned by the same family for over one hundred years. The program began in 1976 and the archives has an on line searchable database of the applicants, where the homestead is located and more.
*The [http://www.in.gov/serv/icpr_homestead Hoosier Homestead Award] is a program which recognizes farms that have been owned by the same family for over one hundred years. The program began in 1976 and the archives has an on line searchable database of the applicants, where the homestead is located and more.
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Indiana uses the rectangular land survey system of section, township, and range.The townships were six-mile square blocks of land, divided into 36 one-mile squares called sections. The township was numbered north and south, starting from the center line, and the range was numbered east and west starting from the center line.  
Indiana uses the rectangular land survey system of section, township, and range.The townships were six-mile square blocks of land, divided into 36 one-mile squares called sections. The township was numbered north and south, starting from the center line, and the range was numbered east and west starting from the center line.  


*Maps showing these surveys are included in:<br>Andriot, Jay. ''Township Atlas of the United States.'' McLean, Virginia: Documents Index, 1991. {{FHL|456649|item}}, book 973 E7an 1991. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5524612 World Cat] This book is arranged alphabetically by state.
*Maps showing these surveys are included in:<br>Andriot, Jay. ''Township Atlas of the United States.'' McLean, Virginia: Documents Index, 1991. {{FSC|456649|item}}, book 973 E7an 1991. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5524612 World Cat] This book is arranged alphabetically by state.


*Henderson, J.O. ''Indiana, the public domain and its survey, 1892'' Indianapolis [Indiana]&nbsp;: Wm. B. Burford, 1893. {{FHL|461253|item}}, book 977.2 A1 no. 158. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247589387 World Cat].
*Henderson, J.O. ''Indiana, the public domain and its survey, 1892'' Indianapolis [Indiana]&nbsp;: Wm. B. Burford, 1893. {{FSC|461253|item}}, book 977.2 A1 no. 158. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/247589387 World Cat].


*Wilson, George Robert ''Early Indiana trails and surveys'' Indianapolis [Indiana]: C.E. Pauley, 1919. {{FHL|295150|item}}, book 977.2 B4 v. 6 no. 3. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13822465 World Cat].
*Wilson, George Robert ''Early Indiana trails and surveys'' Indianapolis [Indiana]: C.E. Pauley, 1919. {{FSC|295150|item}}, book 977.2 B4 v. 6 no. 3. [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/13822465 World Cat].


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*The tract book records for three of the six federal land offices in Indiana are available on line at the [http://www.in.gov/icpr/2585.htm Indiana digital archives.] The three offices are Fort Wayne, LaPorte-Winamac, and Vincennes. These early land records provide the date of purchase rather than the date of the land patent which will help identify how early a settler bought the land. The state archives also has [http://www.in.gov/icpr/2647.htm] plat and tract books arranged by county.
*The tract book records for three of the six federal land offices in Indiana are available on line at the [http://www.in.gov/icpr/2585.htm Indiana digital archives.] The three offices are Fort Wayne, LaPorte-Winamac, and Vincennes. These early land records provide the date of purchase rather than the date of the land patent which will help identify how early a settler bought the land. The state archives also has [http://www.in.gov/icpr/2647.htm] plat and tract books arranged by county.


*United States. Bureau of Land Management. ''Tract Books.'' Washington, D.C.: Records Improvement, Bureau of Land Management, 1957. On 1,265 Family History Library films beginning with film 1445277, {{FHL|607931|item}},
*United States. Bureau of Land Management. ''Tract Books.'' Washington, D.C.: Records Improvement, Bureau of Land Management, 1957. On 1,265 Family History Library films beginning with film 1445277, {{FSC|607931|item}},


*Microfilm copies of township plats are available at the Family History Library for some of the counties. Plat books for counties in Indiana are listed in the Place Search of the Family History Catalog under:
*Microfilm copies of township plats are available at the Family History Library for some of the counties. Plat books for counties in Indiana are listed in the Place Search of the Family History Catalog under:
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