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[[Category:Emigration and Immigration Records]] | [[Category:Emigration and Immigration Records]] | ||
==Immigration into | ==Immigration into Côte d'Ivoire== | ||
*Compared to neighboring Ghana, | *Compared to neighboring Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, though practicing slavery and slave raiding, suffered little from the slave trade. European slave and merchant ships preferred other areas along the coast. | ||
*A '''French mission''' was established in 1637 at Assinie near the border with the Gold Coast (now Ghana). Assinie's survival was precarious, however; the French were not firmly established in | *A '''French mission''' was established in 1637 at Assinie near the border with the Gold Coast (now Ghana). Assinie's survival was precarious, however; the French were not firmly established in Côte d'Ivoire until the mid-19th century. | ||
*In 1843–4, France signed treaties with the kings of the Grand Bassam and Assinie regions, making their territories a French protectorate. '''French explorers, missionaries, trading companies, and soldiers''' gradually extended the area under French control inland from the lagoon region. | *In 1843–4, France signed treaties with the kings of the Grand Bassam and Assinie regions, making their territories a French protectorate. '''French explorers, missionaries, trading companies, and soldiers''' gradually extended the area under French control inland from the lagoon region. | ||
*In the 1840s, the French concluded a series of treaties with local West African chiefs that '''enabled the French to build fortified posts''' along the Gulf of Guinea to serve as permanent trading centers. The '''first posts in | *In the 1840s, the French concluded a series of treaties with local West African chiefs that '''enabled the French to build fortified posts''' along the Gulf of Guinea to serve as permanent trading centers. The '''first posts in Côte d'Ivoire''' included one at '''Assinie''' and another at '''Grand Bassam''', which became the colony's first capital. | ||
*By the end of the 1880s, France had established control over the coastal regions of | *By the end of the 1880s, France had established control over the coastal regions of Côte d'Ivoire, and in 1889 Britain recognized French sovereignty in the area. | ||
*France's main goal was to stimulate the production of exports. Coffee, cocoa, and palm oil crops were soon planted along the coast. ''' | *France's main goal was to stimulate the production of exports. Coffee, cocoa, and palm oil crops were soon planted along the coast. '''Côte d'Ivoire stood out as the only West African country with a sizeable population of European settlers'''. As a result, French citizens owned one-third of the cocoa, coffee, and banana plantations and adopted the local forced-labour system. | ||
*Throughout the early years of French rule, French military contingents were sent inland to establish new posts.oirians. | *Throughout the early years of French rule, French military contingents were sent inland to establish new posts.oirians. | ||
*At independence (1960), the country was easily French West Africa's most prosperous, contributing over 40% of the region's total exports. When Houphouët-Boigny became the first president, his government gave farmers good prices for their products to further stimulate production, which was further boosted by a '''significant immigration of workers from surrounding countries'''. | *At independence (1960), the country was easily French West Africa's most prosperous, contributing over 40% of the region's total exports. When Houphouët-Boigny became the first president, his government gave farmers good prices for their products to further stimulate production, which was further boosted by a '''significant immigration of workers from surrounding countries'''. | ||
*In other African nations, the people drove out the Europeans following independence, but in | *In other African nations, the people drove out the Europeans following independence, but in Côte d'Ivoire, they poured in. '''The French community grew from only 30,000 prior to independence to 60,000 in 1980''', most of them teachers, managers, and advisors. About 20% of the population (about 3.4 million) consists of workers from neighboring '''Liberia, Burkina Faso, and Guinea'''. | ||
*Immigrant ethnic groups in 2004 included 100,000 '''Lebanese''' and 45,000 '''French'''. | *Immigrant ethnic groups in 2004 included 100,000 '''Lebanese''' and 45,000 '''French'''. | ||
*Today, About 4% of the population is of non-African ancestry. Many are '''French, Lebanese, Vietnamese and Spanish''' citizens, as well as evangelical missionaries from the '''United States and Canada'''. Aside from French nationals, '''native-born descendants of French settlers''' who arrived during the country's colonial period are present.<ref>"Ivory Coast", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Coast, accessed 11 July 2021.</ref> | *Today, About 4% of the population is of non-African ancestry. Many are '''French, Lebanese, Vietnamese and Spanish''' citizens, as well as evangelical missionaries from the '''United States and Canada'''. Aside from French nationals, '''native-born descendants of French settlers''' who arrived during the country's colonial period are present.<ref>"Ivory Coast", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Coast, accessed 11 July 2021.</ref> | ||
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