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*'''1837''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/433578?availability=Family%20History%20Library Census 1837, extracted from volume 58 of inward correspondence of the Colonial Secretary's Office of Western Australia by staff of the Battye Library] at FamilySearch, images. | *'''1837''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/433578?availability=Family%20History%20Library Census 1837, extracted from volume 58 of inward correspondence of the Colonial Secretary's Office of Western Australia by staff of the Battye Library] at FamilySearch, images. | ||
*'''1837''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/246089?availability=Family%20History%20Library Census returns Western Australia, 1837] at FamilySearch, images of original document. | *'''1837''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/246089?availability=Family%20History%20Library Census returns Western Australia, 1837] at FamilySearch, images of original document. | ||
==Substitute Records== | |||
===Electoral Rolls/Voting Registers=== | |||
*[http://search.findmypast.com/search-world-Records/new-south-wales-electoral-rolls New South Wales Electoral Rolls] at FindMyPast, index and images, ($). | |||
*'''1842-1864''': [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1310 New South Wales, Australia Historical Electoral Rolls] at Ancestry; index & images ($) | |||
*'''1903-1980''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1207 Australia, Electoral Rolls, 1903-1980] at Ancestry, index, browse, and images, ($). | |||
===Directories=== | |||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/256925?availability=Family%20History%20Library The Australasian federal directory of commerce, trades & professions] at FamilySearch, images. | |||
*'''1831''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/3:1:3QS7-998Q-WNGF?mode=g&cat=257962 Australian almanack, for the year of our Lord 1831] at FamilySearch, images. | |||
*'''1835''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/849622-redirection Australian almanack and general directory, for the year of our Lord 1835], e-book. | |||
*'''1869''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/287774?availability=Family%20History%20Library Indian and colonial mercantile directory for 1869] at FamilySearch, images. | |||
*'''1873''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/198492-redirection Australian handbook & almanac & shipper & importers directory], e-book. | |||
*'''1888''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/256925?availability=Family%20History%20Library The Australasian federal directory of commerce, trades & professions] at FamilySearch, images. | |||
*'''1893''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/398194-redirection The Australian handbook (incorporating New Zealand, Fiji, and New Guinea) shippers and importers' directory & business guide for 1893], e-book | |||
===Population Musters=== | |||
*'''1800-1802''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/708314?availability=Family%20History%20Library Muster and lists, New South Wales and Norfolk Island, 1800-1802] at FamilySearch, images. | |||
*'''1806-1849''' - [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=1185 New South Wales and Tasmania, Australia Convict Musters] at Ancestry; index & images ($) | |||
*'''1806''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/80433?availability=Family%20History%20Library Muster of all females in the colony, August 1806], at FamilySearch, images. | |||
*'''1811, 1814, 1819''' - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/78362?availability=Family%20History%20Library Population musters, 1811, 1814, 1819] at FamilySearch, images. | |||
*'''1825-1840''' - [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=2377 New South Wales, Australia, Wives & Children of Irish Convicts] at Ancestry; index only ($) | |||
==Finding Records== | |||
For an excellent analysis of extant records and where they can be found in Australia archives and libraries, see [https://guides.slv.vic.gov.au/earlycensus/findpeople '''State Library of Victoria: Early Australian census records''']. | |||
==History== | |||
The first country-wide census was taken in 1881. National censuses have been regularly taken by the Australian government since 1911. However, to protect individual privacy, all national censuses were destroyed after statistical information was collected. Earlier, in 1882, a fire destroyed the New South Wales census records for 1846, 1851, 1856, 1861, 1871 and 1881, including the household forms from 1861, 1871 and 1881. Therefore, '''census usage in Australian research is different from census research in other countries.''' | |||
<br> | |||
No records of individuals exist for Western Australia censuses after 1837. | |||
==Contents== | |||
Typically a census is a count and description of the population. Where available, census records can provide an ancestor’s name, age, occupation and/or employer, whether free or bond, religion, ship and date of arrival, marital status, birthplace, and family member relationships. Census returns can also provide clues that lead to other records. A census may list selected people or the whole population. The percentage of people listed depends on the purpose of the census and on how careful the enumerator was. | |||
== Census Substitutes == | |||
In Australian research, other records can be used in place of census records. They are referred to as "census substitutes," and they list individuals who lived in specific places. It is rare, however, to find an entire family listed. Usually these records list only the head of household’s name, date and place of residence, occupation, age, value of property, and sometimes ship of arrival. | |||
Records that can be used as census substitutes are: | |||
*Population Musters | |||
::Because convicts were transported into Australia, the government found it necessary to survey the population at least annually. These surveys, known as musters, began in 1788. Information contained in the records might include an individual’s residence, status (convict, free, military), sex, name, ship of arrival, trial date, trial place, sentence, and remarks. Some early musters list children, wives, and servants. | |||
*Electoral rolls—See [[Western Australia Voting Registers]]. | |||
*Directories and almanacs—See [[Western Australia Directories]]. | |||
*Emigration and immigration records—See [[Western Australia Emigration and Immigration]]. | |||
*Depasturing licenses—See [[Western Australia Land and Property]]. | |||
*Rate and valuation books—See [[Western Australia Taxation]]. | |||
*Lists of convicts—See [[Western Australia Convict Records]]. | |||
{{Place|Australia}} | {{Place|Australia}} | ||
[[Category:Western Australia]] | [[Category:Western Australia]] | ||