(updated and reformatted page per management request) |
(Fixed header order.) |
||
| (26 intermediate revisions by 5 users not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{England | {{CountrySidebar | ||
{{breadcrumb | |Country=England | ||
|Name=England | |||
|Type=Topic | |||
|Topic Type=Records | |||
|Records=Census | |||
|Rating=Standardized | |||
}}{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[England Genealogy|England]] | | link1=[[England Genealogy|England]] | ||
| link2= | | link2= | ||
| Line 6: | Line 12: | ||
| link4= | | link4= | ||
| link5=[[England Census|Census]] | | link5=[[England Census|Census]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Introduction to England and Wales Census== | ==Introduction to England and Wales Census== | ||
{{Historical populations | {{Historical populations | ||
| Line 29: | Line 35: | ||
The census is a head count of everyone in the country on a given day. A census has been taken in England and Wales, and separately for Scotland, every ten years since 1801, with the exception of 1941. | The census is a head count of everyone in the country on a given day. A census has been taken in England and Wales, and separately for Scotland, every ten years since 1801, with the exception of 1941. | ||
<ref>[https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/census-records/ National Archives Census Records ] ''How to look for records of...Census records.'' Date Accessed: 27 December 2021.</ref><br><br> | <ref>[https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/census-records/ National Archives Census Records ] ''How to look for records of...Census records.'' Date Accessed: 27 December 2021.</ref><br><br> | ||
==England and Wales Censuses with Online Links== | ==England and Wales Censuses with Online Links== | ||
| Line 43: | Line 45: | ||
! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| 1871 | ! style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"| 1871 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[https://1841census.co.uk/pre-1841-census-information/ National Archives]*<br>[https://www.findmypast.co.uk/search/historical-records?region=england&start_year=1801&end_year=1831&keywords=census&page=1&order_direction=desc&order_by=relevance | |[https://1841census.co.uk/pre-1841-census-information/ National Archives]*<br>[https://www.findmypast.co.uk/search/historical-records?region=england&start_year=1801&end_year=1831&keywords=census&page=1&order_direction=desc&order_by=relevance Findmypast]($) | ||
|{{RecordSearch|1493745|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8978/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1841-england-wales-and-scotland-census | |{{RecordSearch|1493745|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8978/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1841-england-wales-and-scotland-census Findmypast]($) | ||
|{{RecordSearch|2563939|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8860/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1851-england-wales-and-scotland-census | |{{RecordSearch|2563939|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8860/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1851-england-wales-and-scotland-census Findmypast]($) | ||
|{{RecordSearch|1493747|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8767/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1861-england-wales-and-scotland-census | |{{RecordSearch|1493747|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/8767/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1861-england-wales-and-scotland-census Findmypast]($) | ||
|{{RecordSearch|1538354|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7619/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1871-england-wales-and-scotland-census | |{{RecordSearch|1538354|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7619/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1871-england-wales-and-scotland-census Findmypast]($) | ||
|- | |- | ||
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|1881 | !style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|1881 | ||
| Line 55: | Line 57: | ||
!style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|1921 | !style="background:#cccccc; scope:col; width:5.5%"|1921 | ||
|- | |- | ||
|{{RecordSearch|2562194|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7572/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1881-england-wales-and-scotland-census | |{{RecordSearch|2562194|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7572/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1881-england-wales-and-scotland-census Findmypast]($) | ||
|{{RecordSearch|1865747|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6598/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1891-england-wales-and-scotland-census | |{{RecordSearch|1865747|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/6598/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1891-england-wales-and-scotland-census Findmypast]($) | ||
|{{RecordSearch|1888129|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7814/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1901-england-wales-and-scotland-census | |{{RecordSearch|1888129|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/7814/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1901-england-wales-and-scotland-census Findmypast]($) | ||
|{{RecordSearch|1921547|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2352/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1911-census-for-england-and-wales | |{{RecordSearch|1921547|FamilySearch}}<br> [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/2352/ Ancestry.com]($)<br>[https://search.findmypast.com/search-world-records/1911-census-for-england-and-wales Findmypast]($) | ||
|[https://www.findmypast.com/1921-census | |[https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/63150/ Ancestry.com]($) | ||
[https://www.findmypast.com/1921-census Findmypast]($) | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
<nowiki>*</nowiki>1801-1831 detailed information on incomplete records | <nowiki>*</nowiki>1801-1831 detailed information on incomplete records | ||
=== Additional Online Links=== | |||
*[https://www.thegenealogist.com/census/ The Genealogist Parish Registers | *'''1851''' [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=7918 1851 United Kingdom Census Sample] - index & images ($). | ||
*[https://www.thegenealogist.com/census/ The Genealogist Parish Registers]($) | |||
*[https://www.freecen.org.uk/ FreeCEN]($) | *[https://www.freecen.org.uk/ FreeCEN]($) | ||
*[https://www.myheritage.com/research/category-1200/uk-ireland-census MyHeritage]($) | *[https://www.myheritage.com/research/category-1200/uk-ireland-census MyHeritage]($) | ||
| Line 71: | Line 75: | ||
The links below show the form layouts and the column headings on each census form. The headings listed the questions asked on each census (in PDF format). Also, Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | The links below show the form layouts and the column headings on each census form. The headings listed the questions asked on each census (in PDF format). Also, Guy Etchells has assembled a collection of [http://freepages.history.rootsweb.com/~framland/census/directions.htm the official instructions given to enumerators for each census]. | ||
{| | {| style="width:75%; vertical-align:top;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
|style=" | | | ||
<li> [https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1841.pdf 1841 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | <ul class="column-spacing-fullscreen" style="padding-right:5px;"> | ||
<li> [https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1841.pdf 1841 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | |||
<li> [https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1851.pdf 1851 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | <li> [https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1851.pdf 1851 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | ||
<li>[[Media:1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | <li>[[Media:1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | ||
| Line 80: | Line 85: | ||
<li> [https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1851.pdf 1851 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | <li> [https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1851.pdf 1851 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | ||
<li>[[Media:1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | <li>[[Media:1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1841 and 1851 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | ||
<li>[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1861.pdf 1861 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | |||
<li>[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1871.pdf 1871 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | <li>[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1871.pdf 1871 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | ||
<li> [[Media:1861 and 1871 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1861 and 1871 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | <li> [[Media:1861 and 1871 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1861 and 1871 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | ||
| Line 86: | Line 91: | ||
<li>[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1891.pdf 1891 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | <li>[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1891.pdf 1891 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | ||
<li> [[Media:1881 and 1891 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1881 and 1891 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | <li> [[Media:1881 and 1891 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1881 and 1891 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | ||
<li> [https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1901.pdf 1901 Census Form] (PDF) | <li> [https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1901.pdf 1901 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | ||
<li>[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1911.pdf 1911 Census Form] (PDF) | <li>[https://www.ancestrycdn.com/legacy/pdf/trees/charts/ukcensus1911.pdf 1911 Census Form] (PDF)</li> | ||
<li> [[Media:1901 and 1911 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1901 and 1911 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | <li> [[Media:1901 and 1911 Headings for the Census of England and Wales.pdf|1901 and 1911 Headings for the Census of England and Wales]]</li> | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
| Line 104: | Line 109: | ||
The dates of each census were as follows: | The dates of each census were as follows: | ||
*'''1841''' – June 6 | |||
*'''1851''' – March 30 | |||
*'''1861''' – April 7 | |||
*'''1871''' – April 2 | |||
*'''1881''' – April 3 | |||
*'''1891''' – April 5 | |||
*'''1901''' – March 31 | |||
*'''1911''' – April 2 | |||
*'''1921''' - June 19 | |||
===Pre-1841 Census=== | ===Pre-1841 Census=== | ||
| Line 127: | Line 128: | ||
*The [[Online Historical Population Reports]] page has statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. | *The [[Online Historical Population Reports]] page has statistical data available for every parish in the pre-1841 censuses. | ||
[[File:1841 British Census.jpg|thumb|An example of an 1841 census record]] | [[File:1841 British Census.jpg|thumb|An example of an 1841 census record|alt=1841 census record example]] | ||
===1841=== | ===1841=== | ||
| Line 140: | Line 141: | ||
*A column indicating if born out of the country, i.e. “S” for Scotland; “I” for Ireland | *A column indicating if born out of the country, i.e. “S” for Scotland; “I” for Ireland | ||
[[Image:1861 British Census.jpg|right|350px|An example of a 1861 census record]] | [[Image:1861 British Census.jpg|right|350px|An example of a 1861 census record|alt=1861 census record example]] | ||
This census is significant because it was the first census in England and Wales to name '''every''' member of a household. | This census is significant because it was the first census in England and Wales to name '''every''' member of a household. | ||
| Line 188: | Line 189: | ||
===1921=== | ===1921=== | ||
The 1921 Census includes these additional questions: | |||
The 1921 Census includes additional questions | |||
*Age in years and month | *Age in years and month | ||
*People born abroad giving a country and province | *People born abroad giving a country and province | ||
| Line 202: | Line 202: | ||
===The 1939 Register=== | ===The 1939 Register=== | ||
In 2015 | In 2015 Findmypast released the 1939 register to the public. It was a registration of the population of England on September 29th, 1939, taken for administrative purposes due to the outbreak of World War II. <br> This Register was to be a critical tool in coordinating the war effort at home. It would be used to issue identity cards, organize rationing and more. <br> | ||
The Register lists full names, full dates of birth, occupations, and addresses. The register was maintained in some form up to 1991 so changes of name upon marriage and subsequent deaths may also be noted. <br> | The Register lists full names, full dates of birth, occupations, and addresses. The register was maintained in some form up to 1991 so changes of name upon marriage and subsequent deaths may also be noted. <br> | ||
| Line 209: | Line 209: | ||
*'''1939''' [http://www.findmypast.co.uk/1939register/1939-register-getting-started How-to Video for 1939 Register] | *'''1939''' [http://www.findmypast.co.uk/1939register/1939-register-getting-started How-to Video for 1939 Register] | ||
*'''1939''' [http://www.findmypast.co.uk/1939register?utm_source=fmp&utm_content=636597&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=news Search Engine for 1939 Register] at | *'''1939''' [http://www.findmypast.co.uk/1939register?utm_source=fmp&utm_content=636597&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=news Search Engine for 1939 Register] at Findmypast - index & images ($) | ||
*'''1939''' {{RecordSearch|2836130|England and Wales National Register, 1939}}(*) at FamilySearch - [[England and Wales National Register, 1939 - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index | *'''1939''' {{RecordSearch|2836130|England and Wales National Register, 1939}}(*) at FamilySearch - [[England and Wales National Register, 1939 - FamilySearch Historical Records|How to Use this Collection]]; index; ''Also at [https://www.ancestry.com/search/collections/61596/ Ancestry] - index & images ($), [https://www.myheritage.com/research/collection-10678/1939-register-of-england-wales?s=275764761 MyHeritage] ($)'' | ||
===Missing Records=== | ===Missing Records=== | ||
Various parts of the England, Wales, and Scotland census returns from 1841 to 1911 are incomplete and have pieces missing. | Various parts of the England, Wales, and Scotland census returns from 1841 to 1911 are incomplete and have pieces missing. Findmypast has identified the known gaps by census year, nation, county, and village or parish in this Findmypast article entitled "[http://www.findmypast.com/articles/census-for-england-wales-and-scotland-missing-pieces Census for England, Wales and Scotland: missing pieces]". | ||
==Statistical Data Gathered from the Census== | |||
There is statistical data available for every census year from 1801 to 1931 on [[Online Historical Population Reports | Histpop - the Online Historical Population Reports (OHPR)]] website. The statistical data records the number of houses, families, people, and other statistical data for every parish in England. It allows one to see the growth of parishes and regions from census year to census year. | |||
==Strategy== | |||
A well-indexed census is one of the '''easiest ways to locate where an ancestor lived''' and when they lived there. You can also use censuses to: | |||
*Follow the family over time | |||
*Determine family relationships | |||
*Find clues to other locations where the family lived | |||
==Online Tutorials== | ===Online Tutorials=== | ||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/england-and-wales-census-records-1841-1911-indexes '''England and Wales Census Records 1841-1911 Indexes'''] | *[https://www.familysearch.org/help/helpcenter/lessons/england-and-wales-census-records-1841-1911-indexes '''England and Wales Census Records 1841-1911 Indexes'''] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
edits