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Indonesia Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions
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*Dutch and British traders followed. In 1602, the Dutch established the '''Dutch East India Company''' and became the dominant European power for almost 200 years. The VOC was dissolved in 1800 following bankruptcy, and the Netherlands established the Dutch East Indies as a nationalized colony. For most of the colonial period, Dutch control over the archipelago was tenuous. In December 1949, the Dutch formally recognized Indonesian independence. | *Dutch and British traders followed. In 1602, the Dutch established the '''Dutch East India Company''' and became the dominant European power for almost 200 years. The VOC was dissolved in 1800 following bankruptcy, and the Netherlands established the Dutch East Indies as a nationalized colony. For most of the colonial period, Dutch control over the archipelago was tenuous. In December 1949, the Dutch formally recognized Indonesian independence. | ||
*In 1930, Dutch and other '''Europeans, Eurasians, and derivative people like the Indos''', numbered 240,000 or 0.4% of the total population. Historically, they constituted only a tiny fraction of the native population and remain so today. The Dutch colonial empire's primary purpose was commercial exchange as opposed to sovereignty over homogeneous landmasses.<ref>"Indonesia", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia#Ethnic_groups_and_languages, accessed 7 July 2021.</ref> | *In 1930, Dutch and other '''Europeans, Eurasians, and derivative people like the Indos''', numbered 240,000 or 0.4% of the total population. Historically, they constituted only a tiny fraction of the native population and remain so today. The Dutch colonial empire's primary purpose was commercial exchange as opposed to sovereignty over homogeneous landmasses.<ref>"Indonesia", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesia#Ethnic_groups_and_languages, accessed 7 July 2021.</ref> | ||
===Indos=== | |||
*The '''Indo people or Indos''', are '''Eurasian''' people living in or connected with Indonesia. In its narrowest sense, the term refers to people in the former Dutch East Indies who held European legal status but were of '''mixed Dutch and indigenous Indonesian descent''' as well as their descendants today. The European ancestry of these people was predominantly Dutch, but also included Portuguese, British, French, Belgian, German and others.<ref name="indo"/> | |||
*In the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia), the Dutch heavily interacted with the indigenous population, and as European women were almost non-existent, many Dutchmen married native women. This created a new group of people, the Dutch-Eurasians also known as 'Indos' or 'Indo-Europeans'. <ref name="diaspora"/> | |||
*During the 1620s, Jan Pieterszoon Coen in particular insisted that '''families and orphans''' be sent from Holland to populate the colonies. As a result, a number of single women were sent and '''an orphanage was established in Batavia to raise Dutch orphan girls to become East India brides'''. There was a large number of women from the Netherlands recorded as marrying in the years around 1650. Almost half of them were single women from the Netherlands marrying for the first time. There were still considerable numbers of women sailing eastwards to the Indies at this time. | |||
*Few European women came to the Indies during the Dutch East India Company period. There is evidence of considerable care by officers of the Dutch East India Company for their illegitimate Eurasian children: boys were sometimes sent to the Netherlands to be educated, and sometimes never returned to Indonesia. | |||
*In the 1890s, there were 62,000 civilian "Europeans" in the Dutch East Indies, most of them Eurasians, making up less than half of one per cent of the population. Indo influence waned following World War I and the opening of the Suez Canal, when there was a substantial influx of white Dutch families. | |||
*During World War II the European colonies in South East Asia, including the Dutch East Indies, were invaded and annexed by the Japanese Empire. The Japanese sought to eradicate anything reminiscent of European government. Many of the Indies Dutch spent World War II in Japanese concentration camps. <ref name="indo">"Indo people", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indo_people, accessed 24 April 2021.</ref> | |||
== Emigration from Indonesia == | == Emigration from Indonesia == | ||