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Chinese Emigration and Immigration: Difference between revisions
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==Emigration From China== | ==Emigration From China== | ||
==Chinese Amerians== | ==Chinese Amerians== | ||
*The | *The '''1849 California Gold Rush'''drew the first significant number of laborers from China who mined for gold and performed menial labor. | ||
*There were 25,000 immigrants by 1852, and 105,465 by 1880, most of whom lived on the '''West Coast'''. | *There were 25,000 immigrants by 1852, and 105,465 by 1880, most of whom lived on the '''West Coast'''. | ||
*Nearly all of the early immigrants were young males | *Chinese workers came in order to '''send money back to China to support their families there'''. At the same time, they also had to '''repay loans''' to the '''Chinese merchants who paid their passage''' to North America. | ||
*Nearly all of the early immigrants were young males from six districts in '''Guangdong Province'''. The '''Guangdong province''' experienced extreme floods, famine, mass political unrest in the mid-nineteenth century. | |||
*These Chinese immigrants were '''predominantly men'''. By 1900 only 4,522 of the 89,837 Chinese migrants that lived in the U.S. were women. The lack of women migrants was largely due to the passage of U.S. anti-immigration laws. | *These Chinese immigrants were '''predominantly men'''. By 1900 only 4,522 of the 89,837 Chinese migrants that lived in the U.S. were women. The lack of women migrants was largely due to the passage of U.S. anti-immigration laws. | ||
*Upon arrival to the U.S. Chinese men and women were separated from each other as they awaited hearings on their immigration status, which often took weeks. Ninety percent of the Chinese women who immigrated to the US between 1898 and 1908 did so to join their husband or father who already resided in the U.S. | *Upon arrival to the U.S. Chinese men and women were separated from each other as they awaited hearings on their immigration status, which often took weeks. Ninety percent of the Chinese women who immigrated to the US between 1898 and 1908 did so to join their husband or father who already resided in the U.S. | ||
*In the 1850s, Chinese immigrants were particularly instrumental in '''building railroads''' in the U.S. west. The '''Central Pacific Railroad recruited large labor gangs, many on five-year contracts''', to build its portion of the Transcontinental Railroad | *In the 1850s, Chinese immigrants were particularly instrumental in '''building railroads''' in the U.S. west. The '''Central Pacific Railroad recruited large labor gangs, many on five-year contracts''', to build its portion of the Transcontinental Railroad. | ||
*As Chinese laborers grew successful in the United States, a number of them became '''entrepreneurs''' in their own right | *As Chinese laborers grew successful in the United States, a number of them became '''entrepreneurs''' in their own right. | ||
*The Chinese population rose from 2,716 in 1851 to 63,000 by 1871. In the decade 1861–70, 64,301 were recorded as arriving, followed by 123,201 in 1871–80 and 61,711 in 1881–1890. | *The Chinese population rose from 2,716 in 1851 to 63,000 by 1871. In the decade 1861–70, 64,301 were recorded as arriving, followed by 123,201 in 1871–80 and 61,711 in 1881–1890. | ||
*77% were located in '''California''', with the rest scattered across the '''West, the South, and New England'''. | *77% were located in '''California''', with the rest scattered across the '''West, the South, and New England'''. | ||
*In 1882, Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which suspended the immigration of Chinese laborers (skilled or unskilled) and renewed in 1892, 1902, and then indefinitely. The Chinese Exclusion Acts were not repealed until 1943.<ref>"Chinese Americans," in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Americans, acessed 2 June 2021.</ref> | *As the numbers of Chinese laborers increased, so did the strength of '''anti-Chinese attitude among other workers in the U.S. economy'''. This finally resulted in legislation that aimed to limit future immigration through the '''Chinese Exclusion Act'''. | ||
*From the 1850s through the 1870s, the '''California state government''' passed a series of measures aimed at Chinese residents, ranging from '''requiring special licenses for Chinese businesses or workers to preventing naturalization'''. | |||
*In 1882, Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which suspended the immigration of Chinese laborers (skilled or unskilled) and renewed the Act in 1892, 1902, and then indefinitely. The Chinese Exclusion Acts were not repealed until 1943.<ref>"Chinese Americans," in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_Americans, acessed 2 June 2021.</ref> | |||
[[Category:China Emigration and Immigration]] | [[Category:China Emigration and Immigration]] | ||
[[Category:Chinese Genealogy]] | [[Category:Chinese Genealogy]] | ||