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Dominican Republic Emigration and Immigration (view source)
Revision as of 21:57, 13 June 2021
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*'''Haiti''' is the neighboring nation to the Dominican Republic and is considerably poorer, less developed and is additionally the least developed country in the western hemisphere. In 2003, 80% of all Haitians were poor (54% living in abject poverty) and 47.1% were illiterate. The country of nine million people also has a fast growing population, but over two-thirds of the labor force lack formal jobs. Haiti's per capita GDP (PPP) was $1,800 in 2017, or just over one-tenth of the Dominican figure. As a result, hundreds of thousands of Haitians have migrated to the Dominican Republic, with some estimates of 800,000 Haitians in the country, while others put the Haitian-born population as high as one million. <ref>"Dominican Republic", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic#Demographics, accessed 13 June 2021.</ref> | *'''Haiti''' is the neighboring nation to the Dominican Republic and is considerably poorer, less developed and is additionally the least developed country in the western hemisphere. In 2003, 80% of all Haitians were poor (54% living in abject poverty) and 47.1% were illiterate. The country of nine million people also has a fast growing population, but over two-thirds of the labor force lack formal jobs. Haiti's per capita GDP (PPP) was $1,800 in 2017, or just over one-tenth of the Dominican figure. As a result, hundreds of thousands of Haitians have migrated to the Dominican Republic, with some estimates of 800,000 Haitians in the country, while others put the Haitian-born population as high as one million. <ref>"Dominican Republic", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic#Demographics, accessed 13 June 2021.</ref> | ||
===Emigration From the Dominican Republic=== | ===Emigration From the Dominican Republic=== | ||
*The first of three late-20th century emigration waves began in 1961 after the assassination of dictator Trujillo, due to '''fear of retaliation by Trujillo's allies and political uncertainty in general'''. | |||
*In 1965, the United States began a military occupation of the Dominican Republic to end a civil war. Upon this, the U.S. eased travel restrictions, making it easier for Dominicans to obtain U.S. visas. From 1966 to 1978, the exodus continued, fueled by '''high unemployment and political repression'''. | |||
*In the early 1980s, '''underemployment, inflation, and the rise in value of the dollar''' all contributed to a third wave of emigration from the Dominican Republic. | |||
*In 2012, there were approximately 1.7 million people of Dominican descent in the U.S., counting both native- and foreign-born. There was also a growing Dominican immigration to '''Puerto Rico''', with nearly 70,000 Dominicans living there as of 2010. Although that number is slowly decreasing and immigration trends have reversed because of Puerto Rico's economic crisis as of 2016. | |||
*There is a significant Dominican population in '''Spain'''.<ref>"Dominican Republic", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republic#Demographics, accessed 13 June 2021.</ref> | |||
====Dominican Americans==== | |||
*Since the establishment of the Spanish Empire, there have historically been immigrants from the former Captaincy General of Santo Domingo to other parts of New Spain which are now part of the United States, such as''' Florida, Louisiana and the Southwest.''' | |||
*Dominican emigration to the United States continued throughout the centuries. Recent studies from the CUNY Dominican studies Institute identified 5,000 Dominican nationals who were processed through Ellis Island between 1892 and 1924. | |||
*During the 1930s and 40s, the flow of Dominicans to the United States fluctuated after Rafael Trujillo, who rose to power in 1930, imposed heavy restrictions on the outward migration of his citizens. Many of the 1,150 Dominicans immigrating to the United States between 1931 and 1940, came as '''secondary labor migrants from Cuba, Puerto Rico and Panama.''' | |||
*A larger wave of Dominicans began after 1950, during a time when cracks began to appear in the Trujillo regime. Dominican immigrants during this period where largely classified as anti-Trujilo political exiles. During that decade, the United States admitted an average of 990 Dominican nationals per year. | |||
*During the second half of the twentieth century there were three significant waves of immigration to the United States. (See above.) | |||
*Today, emigration from the Dominican Republic remains high, facilitated by the social networks of now-established Dominican communities in the United States.<ref>"Dominican Americans", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Americans, accessed 13 June 2021.</ref> | |||
==Records of Dominican Republic Emigrants in Their Destination Nations== | ==Records of Dominican Republic Emigrants in Their Destination Nations== | ||