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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
*Peru is a multiethnic nation formed by the combination of different groups over five centuries. Amerindians inhabited Peruvian territory for several millennia before Spanish Conquest in the 16th century. Spaniards and Africans arrived in large numbers under the Viceroyalty. | |||
*Before 1775, most of the emigrants from Spain came from the regions of '''Castilla, Andalucía, or Extremadura'''. '''The people from Cataluña, Aragón, Galicia, and Vascongadas were excluded from the Americas by the Court of the Indies (Consejo de Indias).''' | *Before 1775, most of the emigrants from Spain came from the regions of '''Castilla, Andalucía, or Extremadura'''. '''The people from Cataluña, Aragón, Galicia, and Vascongadas were excluded from the Americas by the Court of the Indies (Consejo de Indias).''' | ||
*After 1775, Carlos III of Spain gave permission to all Spaniards to colonize any part of Spanish America. | *After 1775, Carlos III of Spain gave permission to all Spaniards to colonize any part of Spanish America. | ||
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*Later the ports of '''San Sebastián, Bilbao, Santander, and La Coruña in northern Spain''' were added as departure cities not only for Spaniards but also for other Europeans. These emigrants most always traveled first to Islas Canarias (the Canary Islands), where they resided for a short time, before continuing travel to the Americas. | *Later the ports of '''San Sebastián, Bilbao, Santander, and La Coruña in northern Spain''' were added as departure cities not only for Spaniards but also for other Europeans. These emigrants most always traveled first to Islas Canarias (the Canary Islands), where they resided for a short time, before continuing travel to the Americas. | ||
*Emigration to America slowed drastically between 1790–1825 due to '''wars of independence in the Latin American colonies'''. | *Emigration to America slowed drastically between 1790–1825 due to '''wars of independence in the Latin American colonies'''. | ||
*Beginning in 1840, an increased number of people immigrated to Latin America seeking religious, economical, or political freedom. The first major group of immigrants were '''Chinese laborers''' who came between 1850–1875 to work on the guano deposits of the Chincha Islands and on the railroads. | *Beginning in 1840, an increased number of people immigrated to Latin America seeking religious, economical, or political freedom. | ||
*Many Japanese immigrant laborers arrived in Peru at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. Japanese trade with Peru expanded after World War II. There are several sources about Japanese immigration to Peru listed in the FamilySearch Catalog: {{FHL|318804|subject_id|disp=Japanese - Peru}} | *After the abolition of slavery in 1854, immigrants from countries such as '''China, Northern Europe, and Japan''' arrived to do labor work in areas such as farming. The first major group of immigrants were '''Chinese laborers''' who came between 1850–1875 to work on the guano deposits of the Chincha Islands and on the railroads. | ||
*Many '''Japanese immigrant laborers''' arrived in Peru at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century. Japanese trade with Peru expanded after World War II. There are several sources about Japanese immigration to Peru listed in the FamilySearch Catalog: {{FHL|318804|subject_id|disp=Japanese - Peru}} | |||
*In 2005, the UN put the number of immigrants in Peru at 42,000, which accounted for less than 1% of its population. However, a more recent report from the Peruvian Directorate of Migrations has put the number at 64,303. | |||
*The largest group of foreign residents is from '''Argentina, which accounts for about 14% of the total with over 9000 Argentineans living in Peru'''. Immigrants from the United States make up just over 9% of the total with 5,800 US citizens now residing in Peru. Other large groups of immigrants in Peru include '''Chileans, Bolivians, Colombians, Brazilians, Uruguayans, Spanish and Chinese'''. | |||
*The majority of foreign residents in Peru live in '''Lima, with other communities found in Cusco and Arequipa'''.<ref>"Immigration to Peru", in Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Immigration_to_Peru, accessed 29 May 2021.</ref> | |||
==For Further Reading== | ==For Further Reading== | ||