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| *Before 1861, cities along migration routes such as '''Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo''' prospered. | | *Before 1861, cities along migration routes such as '''Utica, Syracuse, Rochester, and Buffalo''' prospered. |
| *Natives of other states such as '''New Jersey, Connecticut, and Vermont''' moved to New York in large numbers during the pre-Civil War era. | | *Natives of other states such as '''New Jersey, Connecticut, and Vermont''' moved to New York in large numbers during the pre-Civil War era. |
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| ====Irish====
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| [[Image:Famine memorial dublin.jpg|thumb|right|200px]]Tens of thousands of potato famine Irish immigrants arrived at the Port of New York City in the nineteenth century.
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| Moorhouse wrote a very useful guide for tracing Irish immigrants in New York City:
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| *Moorhouse, Ann. "Researching the Irish-Born of New York City," ''The New York Genealogical and Biographical Record,'' Vol. 112, No. 2 (Apr. 1981):65-71. Digital version at [http://www.newyorkfamilyhistory.org/public-elibrary New York Family History] ($); {{FHL|161380|item|disp=FHL Book 974.7 B2n v. 112}}.
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| Potato famine passenger lists are available online:
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| *[http://aad.archives.gov/aad/series-list.jsp?cat=GP44 Records for Passengers Who Arrived at the Port of New York During the Irish Famine, documenting the period 1/12/1846 - 12/31/1851] - free, courtesy: [[National Archives and Records Administration|NARA]].
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| Many Irish settlers of New York are discussed in ''[[The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society|The Journal of the American-Irish Historical Society]]'' (Vols. 1-21 are available for free online).
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| *The Emigrant Savings Bank, set up in New York City in 1850, helped many potato famine immigrants. It functioned until 1883. The collection of 58 volumes of bank records from 1941 to 1883 were later donated to the New York Public Library where they were described and filmed and made available to the public. Digital copies are currently available at the [http://search.ancestry.com/search/db.aspx?dbid=8760 Ancestry] website.
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| A helpful reference publication guide to identifying resources for tracing Irish families in the five boroughs of New York City is:
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| *Buggy, Joseph. ''Finding Your Irish Ancestors in New York City''. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Company, 2014.
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| This publication provides a detailed list of record sources for tracing Irish families coupled with research strategies.
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| ====Poles==== | | ====Poles==== |