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{{Cameroon | {{CountrySidebar | ||
|Country=Cameroon | |||
|Name=Cameroon | |||
|Type=Topic | |||
|Topic Type=Background | |||
|Background=Languages | |||
|Rating=Standardized | |||
}}{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[Cameroon Genealogy|Cameroon]] | | link1=[[Cameroon Genealogy|Cameroon]] | ||
| link2= | | link2= | ||
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| link5=[[Cameroon Languages|Languages]] | | link5=[[Cameroon Languages|Languages]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
==Description== | ==Description== | ||
Both '''English and French''' are official languages of Cameroon, although French is by far the most understood language (more than 80%). '''German''', the language of the original colonizers, has long since been displaced by French and English. '''Cameroonian Pidgin English''' is the lingua franca in the formerly British-administered territories. A mixture of English, French, and Pidgin called '''Camfranglais''' has been gaining popularity in urban centers since the mid-1970s. The government encourages bilingualism in English and French, and as such, official government documents, new legislation, ballots, among others, are written and provided in both languages. As part of the initiative to encourage bilingualism in Cameroon, six of the eight universities in the country are entirely bilingual. | Both '''English and French''' are official languages of Cameroon, although French is by far the most understood language (more than 80%). '''German''', the language of the original colonizers, has long since been displaced by French and English. '''Cameroonian Pidgin English''' is the lingua franca in the formerly British-administered territories. A mixture of English, French, and Pidgin called '''Camfranglais''' has been gaining popularity in urban centers since the mid-1970s. The government encourages bilingualism in English and French, and as such, official government documents, new legislation, ballots, among others, are written and provided in both languages. As part of the initiative to encourage bilingualism in Cameroon, six of the eight universities in the country are entirely bilingual. | ||
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*[[French Genealogical Word List]] | *[[French Genealogical Word List]] | ||
'''Cameroonian Pidgin English''' | '''Cameroonian Pidgin English''' | ||
*[https://theculturetrip.com/africa/cameroon/articles/21-essential-phrases-youll-need-in-cameroon/ 21 Essential Phrases You’ll Need in Cameroon] | *[https://theculturetrip.com/africa/cameroon/articles/21-essential-phrases-youll-need-in-cameroon/ 21 Essential Phrases You’ll Need in Cameroon] at Culturetrip | ||
'''Camfranglais''' | '''Camfranglais''' | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title | * Kouega, Jean-Paul. ''Camfranglais : a glossary of common words, phrases and usages.'' Muenchen: LINCOM Europa, 2013. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/861177202 WorldCat]. | ||
==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ==Alphabet and Pronunciation== | ||
'''French''' | '''French''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_orthography French Alphabet and Pronunciation] at Wikipedia | ||
*[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation] | *[https://www.omniglot.com/writing/french.htm French Alphabet and Pronunciation] at Omniglot | ||
'''Cameroonian Pidgin English''' | '''Cameroonian Pidgin English''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Phonology Vowels] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Phonology Vowels] at Wikipedia | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Phonology Consonants] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Phonology Consonants] at Wikipedia | ||
* Bellama, David, and Washington DC Peace Corps. ''An Introduction to Cameroonian Pidgin. Student's Book. Second Edition.'' n.p.: n.p., 1983. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/425344245 WorldCat]. | |||
==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ==Language Aids and Dictionaries== | ||
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*[[French Letter Writing Guide]] | *[[French Letter Writing Guide]] | ||
*[[France Languages| French Languages]] | *[[France Languages| French Languages]] | ||
* Girard, Denis. ''Cassell's French-English, English-French dictionary = Cassell's dictionnaire français-anglais, anglais-français.'' Wiley, New York: Macmillan, 2002. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/798320280 WorldCat]. | |||
'''Cameroonian Pidgin English''' | '''Cameroonian Pidgin English''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Word_classes Pronoun system] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Word_classes Pronoun system] at Wikipedia | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Word_classes Verbs] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Word_classes Verbs] at Wikipedia | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Word_classes Plural markers] | *[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonian_Pidgin_English#Word_classes Plural markers] at Wikipedia | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/ | * Kouega, Jean-Paul. ''A dictionary of Cameroon Pidgin English usage : pronunciation, grammar and vocabulary.'' München: Lincom Europa, 2008. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/264693583 WorldCat]. | ||
* Nkengasong, John Nkemngong. ''A grammar of Cameroonian Pidgin.'' Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars, 2016. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/935985610 WorldCat]. | |||
'''Camfranglais''' | '''Camfranglais''' | ||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camfranglais#Usage_and_popularity Usage and Popularity with examples] at Wikipedia | |||
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camfranglais#Usage_and_popularity Usage and Popularity with examples] | * Kamdem, Hector Fonkoua. ''A dictionary of Camfranglais.'' New York: Peter Lang, 2015. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/907238535 WorldCat]. | ||
*[https://www.worldcat.org/title/ | * Kouega, Jean-Paul. ''Camfranglais : a glossary of common words, phrases and usages.'' München: Lincom Europa, 2013. '''''Available at:''''' [https://www.worldcat.org/title/861177202 WorldCat]. | ||
==Additional Resources== | ==Additional Resources== | ||
*Bellama, David; Washington DC Peace Corps. '''''An Introduction to Cameroonian Pidgin. Student's Book. Second Edition.''''' 1983. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/introduction-to-cameroonian-pidgin/oclc/654398324&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | |||
*Gilman, Charles. '''''The comparative structure in French, English, and Cameroonian Pidgin English : an exercise in linguistic comparison.''''' Ann Arbor, Mich. UMI dissertation services 1997. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/comparative-structure-in-french-english-and-cameroonian-pidgin-english-an-exercise-in-linguistic-comparison/oclc/257255678&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | |||
*Nkengasong, Nkemngong. '''''A grammar of Cameroonian pidgin.''''' Newcastle upon Tyne Cambridge Scholars Publishing [2016]. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/grammar-of-cameroonian-pidgin/oclc/949890733&referer=brief_results Available at WorldCat] | |||
*[https://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/definitions/cameroon.html Kamtok (Cameroon Pidgin)] | *[https://www.hawaii.edu/satocenter/langnet/definitions/cameroon.html Kamtok (Cameroon Pidgin)] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
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