Reviewer, editor, pagecreator
630
edits
m
→Provinces and Counties
m (Text replacement - "?availability=Family%20History%20Library" to "") |
Korirobbins (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Ireland-sidebar3}}{{breadcrumb | {{Ireland-sidebar3}} | ||
{{breadcrumb | |||
| link1=[[Ireland Genealogy|Ireland]] | | link1=[[Ireland Genealogy|Ireland]] | ||
| link2= | | link2= | ||
| Line 9: | Line 10: | ||
A gazetteer is a dictionary of place-names. Gazetteers describe towns and villages; parishes and counties; and rivers, mountains, and other geographical features. Gazetteers generally list place-names in alphabetical order. Gazetteers may also be called topographical dictionaries. | A gazetteer is a dictionary of place-names. Gazetteers describe towns and villages; parishes and counties; and rivers, mountains, and other geographical features. Gazetteers generally list place-names in alphabetical order. Gazetteers may also be called topographical dictionaries. | ||
== Online Databases == | ==Online Databases== | ||
*[http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/Gazetteers.html/ links to other online gazetteers and place name guides] | *[http://www.genuki.org.uk/big/Gazetteers.html/ links to other online gazetteers and place name guides] | ||
*[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/EI/ directory of cities, towns, and regions in Ireland] | *[http://www.fallingrain.com/world/EI/ directory of cities, towns, and regions in Ireland] | ||
*[https://www.irish-geneaography.com/irish-maps--gazetteers.html Ireland maps and gazetteer] | *[https://www.irish-geneaography.com/irish-maps--gazetteers.html Ireland maps and gazetteer] | ||
*[http://www.proni.gov.uk/index/local_history/geographical_index.htm/ | *[http://www.proni.gov.uk/index/local_history/geographical_index.htm/ geographical index to jurisdictions] | ||
*[http://www.libraryireland.com/plnm/index.php/ Irish local names explained] | *[http://www.libraryireland.com/plnm/index.php/ Irish local names explained] | ||
*[http://www.dublin1850.com/ meanings of Irish place names] | *[http://www.dublin1850.com/ meanings of Irish place names] | ||
== Content | ==Content== | ||
Gazetteers may provide the following information about a locality: | Gazetteers may provide the following information about a locality: | ||
*The most common spelling of the place-name | *The most common spelling of the place-name | ||
*Location | *Location | ||
*County and other civil jurisdictions | *County and other civil jurisdictions | ||
*Ecclesiastical jurisdictions | *Ecclesiastical jurisdictions | ||
*Distance from nearby places | *Distance from nearby places | ||
*Religious affiliations of the population | *Religious affiliations of the population | ||
*Major manufacturing works | *Major manufacturing works | ||
*Canals, docks, and railroad stations | *Canals, docks, and railroad stations | ||
| Line 37: | Line 38: | ||
Several difficulties arise in dealing with Irish place-names. First, Irish place-names often come from the Gaelic or Irish language, though some have been given English variations. Second, Irish place-names were sometimes spelled phonetically in family records and documents in other countries, because many immigrants did not know the accepted spellings. The phonetic spellings can vary widely from the accepted spellings because recorders sometimes misunderstood what the immigrants said. Finally, there are many places in Ireland with the same or similar names. A gazetteer may help you resolve each of these difficulties. | Several difficulties arise in dealing with Irish place-names. First, Irish place-names often come from the Gaelic or Irish language, though some have been given English variations. Second, Irish place-names were sometimes spelled phonetically in family records and documents in other countries, because many immigrants did not know the accepted spellings. The phonetic spellings can vary widely from the accepted spellings because recorders sometimes misunderstood what the immigrants said. Finally, there are many places in Ireland with the same or similar names. A gazetteer may help you resolve each of these difficulties. | ||
== Helpful Gazetteers for Ireland | ==Helpful Gazetteers for Ireland== | ||
*''General alphabetical index to the townlands and towns, parishes and baronies of Ireland: based on the census of Ireland for the year 1851. ''Dublin: Printed by Alexander Thom, 1861, reprinted by Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, Maryland, multiple dates. Although this work is not technically a gazetteer, it is the best finding aid for Irish townland names. There are other years for this index, 1871 and 1901. [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/206701 FamilySearch Library].Best of all, the Townland Index is available for free at [http://www.thecore.com/seanruad/ The IreAtlas Townlands Database] The index will show, for any given townland, the acreage, county, barony, civil parish, and poor law union (civil registration district) that the townland belongs to. | *''General alphabetical index to the townlands and towns, parishes and baronies of Ireland: based on the census of Ireland for the year 1851. ''Dublin: Printed by Alexander Thom, 1861, reprinted by Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, Maryland, multiple dates. Although this work is not technically a gazetteer, it is the best finding aid for Irish townland names. There are other years for this index, 1871 and 1901. [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/206701 FamilySearch Library].Best of all, the Townland Index is available for free at [http://www.thecore.com/seanruad/ The IreAtlas Townlands Database] The index will show, for any given townland, the acreage, county, barony, civil parish, and poor law union (civil registration district) that the townland belongs to. | ||
*Lewis, Samuel. ''[https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/403777 Topographical Dictionary of Ireland].'' 2 vols. London: S. Lewis and Co., 1837. Family History Library This dictionary contains historical and statistical descriptions of the counties, cities, boroughs, parishes, and corporate and market towns in Ireland. Later editions of this dictionary are available. This is available online for free at [http://www.libraryireland.com/ Library Ireland] and also at [http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/ Vision of Britain] | *Lewis, Samuel. ''[https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/403777 Topographical Dictionary of Ireland].'' 2 vols. London: S. Lewis and Co., 1837. Family History Library This dictionary contains historical and statistical descriptions of the counties, cities, boroughs, parishes, and corporate and market towns in Ireland. Later editions of this dictionary are available. This is available online for free at [http://www.libraryireland.com/ Library Ireland] and also at [http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/ Vision of Britain] | ||
*''The Parliamentary Gazetteer of Ireland''. 10 vols. Dublin, Ireland: A. Fullarton and Co., 1844. [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/40181 Family History Library]; These volumes provide information similar to that in Lewis's dictionary. These volumes also provide historical and statistical comparisons based on information from the 1831 and 1841 censuses. | *''The Parliamentary Gazetteer of Ireland''. 10 vols. Dublin, Ireland: A. Fullarton and Co., 1844. [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/40181 Family History Library]; These volumes provide information similar to that in Lewis's dictionary. These volumes also provide historical and statistical comparisons based on information from the 1831 and 1841 censuses. | ||
*Index of Townlands, Now Searchable Online. [http://www.irishancestors.ie/?p=5709 Irish Ancestors] has a searchable data base at Index of Townlands, 1901. | *Index of Townlands, Now Searchable Online. [http://www.irishancestors.ie/?p=5709 Irish Ancestors] has a searchable data base at Index of Townlands, 1901. | ||
Unfortunately, Irish gazetteers often do not list townlands, though many place-names in records about Irish people are townlands. The sources listed below under "Finding Place-Names in the FamilySearch Catalog" may help you locate Irish townlands and identify the parish and county they are in. | Unfortunately, Irish gazetteers often do not list townlands, though many place-names in records about Irish people are townlands. The sources listed below under "Finding Place-Names in the FamilySearch Catalog" may help you locate Irish townlands and identify the parish and county they are in. | ||
| Line 55: | Line 57: | ||
IRELAND, [COUNTY] - GAZETTEERS | IRELAND, [COUNTY] - GAZETTEERS | ||
== Provinces and Counties | ==Provinces and Counties== | ||
Prior to 1922 Ireland was a united country containing four provinces, each comprising several counties: | Prior to 1922 Ireland was a united country containing four provinces, each comprising several counties: | ||
| Line 63: | Line 65: | ||
{| width="615" border="1" align="center" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | {| width="615" border="1" align="center" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! align="center" scope="col" | | ! align="center" scope="col" | | ||
ULSTER <br>(North) | ULSTER <br>(North) | ||
! align="center" scope="col" | | ! align="center" scope="col" | | ||
CONNAUGHT <br>(West) | CONNAUGHT <br>(West) | ||
! align="center" scope="col" | | ! align="center" scope="col" | | ||
LEINSTER <br>(East) | LEINSTER <br>(East) | ||
! align="center" scope="col" | | ! align="center" scope="col" | | ||
MUNSTER <br>(South) | MUNSTER <br>(South) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | colspan="4" align="center" |'''COUNTIES''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Antrim<br> | |Antrim<br> | ||
| Galway<br> | |Galway<br> | ||
| Carlow<br> | |Carlow<br> | ||
| Clare<br> | |Clare<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Armagh<br> | |Armagh<br> | ||
| Leitrim<br> | |Leitrim<br> | ||
| Dublin<br> | |Dublin<br> | ||
| Cork<br> | |Cork<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Cavan<br> | |Cavan<br> | ||
| Mayo<br> | |Mayo<br> | ||
| Kildare<br> | |Kildare<br> | ||
| Kerry<br> | |Kerry<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Donegal<br> | |Donegal<br> | ||
| Roscommon<br> | |Roscommon<br> | ||
| Kilkenny<br> | |Kilkenny<br> | ||
| Limerick<br> | |Limerick<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Down<br> | |Down<br> | ||
| Sligo<br> | |Sligo<br> | ||
| Leix or Laois(Queens) | |Leix or Laois(Queens) | ||
| Tipperary<br> | |Tipperary<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Fermanagh<br> | |Fermanagh<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| Longford<br> | |Longford<br> | ||
| Waterford<br> | |Waterford<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Londonderry<br> | |Londonderry<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| Louth<br> | |Louth<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Monaghan<br> | |Monaghan<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| Meath<br> | |Meath<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Tyrone<br> | |Tyrone<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| Offaly (Kings)<br> | |Offaly (Kings)<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| Westmeath<br> | |Westmeath<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| Wexford<br> | |Wexford<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
|- | |- | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
| Wicklow<br> | |Wicklow<br> | ||
| <br> | |<br> | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 147: | Line 149: | ||
<br>In 1974, along with county boundary changes in other parts of the United Kingdom, the 6 counties of Northern Ireland were subdivided into 26 boroughs.<br> | <br>In 1974, along with county boundary changes in other parts of the United Kingdom, the 6 counties of Northern Ireland were subdivided into 26 boroughs.<br> | ||
==== '''Chart: Map of Ireland pre-1 April 1974''' | ===='''Chart: Map of Ireland pre-1 April 1974'''==== | ||
Reproduced with permission of The Federation of Family History Societies | Reproduced with permission of The Federation of Family History Societies | ||
| Line 153: | Line 155: | ||
[[Image:Irish 3A.jpg]] | [[Image:Irish 3A.jpg]] | ||
==== Chart: Map of Northern Ireland post-1974 | ====Chart: Map of Northern Ireland post-1974==== | ||
[[Image:Map of Northern Ireland post 1974.jpg]] | [[Image:Map of Northern Ireland post 1974.jpg]] | ||
=== Administrative Subdivisions | ===Administrative Subdivisions=== | ||
Ireland has been subdivided into a variety of overlapping jurisdictions for different administrative purposes. The family historian will encounter these terms on maps, censuses, land valuations, church registers, Poor Law records, voting lists and other records. Their boundaries have changed over the years to reflect current population and administrative changes. The most frequently encountered subdivisions are: | Ireland has been subdivided into a variety of overlapping jurisdictions for different administrative purposes. The family historian will encounter these terms on maps, censuses, land valuations, church registers, Poor Law records, voting lists and other records. Their boundaries have changed over the years to reflect current population and administrative changes. The most frequently encountered subdivisions are: | ||
| Line 171: | Line 173: | ||
*'''Dioceses - Catholic and Church of Ireland'''<br>Both the Church of Ireland (Anglican) and the Catholic Church had a comprehensive system of dioceses across the whole of Ireland. Each diocese was headed by a bishop and comprised a number of parishes headed by ministers or priests. The two church diaconal systems were not coterminous and frequently overlapped county boundaries. Maps of Church of Ireland dioceses can be found in Mitchell’s ''Atlas''. Roman Catholic dioceses are complex and are also indicated in Mitchell’s''Atlas''. | *'''Dioceses - Catholic and Church of Ireland'''<br>Both the Church of Ireland (Anglican) and the Catholic Church had a comprehensive system of dioceses across the whole of Ireland. Each diocese was headed by a bishop and comprised a number of parishes headed by ministers or priests. The two church diaconal systems were not coterminous and frequently overlapped county boundaries. Maps of Church of Ireland dioceses can be found in Mitchell’s ''Atlas''. Roman Catholic dioceses are complex and are also indicated in Mitchell’s''Atlas''. | ||
=== Parishes – Civil and Ecclesiastical | ===Parishes – Civil and Ecclesiastical=== | ||
==== Civil Parishes | ====Civil Parishes==== | ||
Civil parishes are areas of local self-government containing several townlands and hamlets in the countryside, or several church parishes in cities. There are about 2,500 civil parishes in Ireland and they usually correspond well to the Church of Ireland parishes (see maps in Mitchell’s ''Atlas''). However, do not be surprised to see them break both barony and county boundaries. | Civil parishes are areas of local self-government containing several townlands and hamlets in the countryside, or several church parishes in cities. There are about 2,500 civil parishes in Ireland and they usually correspond well to the Church of Ireland parishes (see maps in Mitchell’s ''Atlas''). However, do not be surprised to see them break both barony and county boundaries. | ||
==== Ecclesiastical Parishes | ====Ecclesiastical Parishes==== | ||
Church parishes are the small areas containing one mother church over which an Anglican minister or Catholic priest presides. Church of Ireland (Anglican) parish boundaries are typically coterminous with civil parishes. Catholic parishes are larger and include several civil parishes. Presbyterians were mainly active in Ulster and do not have the same kind of parochial structure. Maps of these three major denominations can be found in Mitchell’s ''Atlas''. | Church parishes are the small areas containing one mother church over which an Anglican minister or Catholic priest presides. Church of Ireland (Anglican) parish boundaries are typically coterminous with civil parishes. Catholic parishes are larger and include several civil parishes. Presbyterians were mainly active in Ulster and do not have the same kind of parochial structure. Maps of these three major denominations can be found in Mitchell’s ''Atlas''. | ||
==== Cities and Towns | ====Cities and Towns==== | ||
These are civil areas of various sizes and may be divided into several townships and parishes. | These are civil areas of various sizes and may be divided into several townships and parishes. | ||
==== Electoral Divisions | ====Electoral Divisions==== | ||
The 3,751 ''District Electoral Divisions'' (DEDs) are civil jurisdictions created for election purposes in 1898. The genealogist will see them noted on the 1901 and 1911 censuses.<ref>Christensen, Penelope. "Ireland Political Geography (National Institute)," ''The National Institute for Genealogical Studies'' (2012), https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/Ireland_Political_Geography_%28National_Institute%29.</ref> | The 3,751 ''District Electoral Divisions'' (DEDs) are civil jurisdictions created for election purposes in 1898. The genealogist will see them noted on the 1901 and 1911 censuses.<ref>Christensen, Penelope. "Ireland Political Geography (National Institute)," ''The National Institute for Genealogical Studies'' (2012), https://familysearch.org/wiki/en/Ireland_Political_Geography_%28National_Institute%29.</ref> | ||
== Finding Place-Names in the FamilySearch Catalog | ==Finding Place-Names in the FamilySearch Catalog== | ||
Irish records may be listed in the catalog under the country, county, parish, and city or town in which they were kept. Townlands or other small places are seldom included in a catalog listing. To find the county under which a parish or city is listed, use the see references on the first few microfiche of the Place Search for Ireland. Or type the city or parish in the Locality Browse screen of the compact disc version of the catalog. The computer will display the county under which that city or parish is listed. | Irish records may be listed in the catalog under the country, county, parish, and city or town in which they were kept. Townlands or other small places are seldom included in a catalog listing. To find the county under which a parish or city is listed, use the see references on the first few microfiche of the Place Search for Ireland. Or type the city or parish in the Locality Browse screen of the compact disc version of the catalog. The computer will display the county under which that city or parish is listed. | ||
| Line 198: | Line 200: | ||
Similar place-name indexes based on the 1851 and 1901 censuses exist. The index for 1851 is only available in book format and so may not be available at all Family History Centers. The index for 1901, the ''General Alphabetical Index to the Townlands and Towns of Ireland'', is available on microfilm. | Similar place-name indexes based on the 1851 and 1901 censuses exist. The index for 1851 is only available in book format and so may not be available at all Family History Centers. The index for 1901, the ''General Alphabetical Index to the Townlands and Towns of Ireland'', is available on microfilm. | ||
==Northern Ireland Gazetteers== | ==Northern Ireland Gazetteers== | ||
=== Online Gazetteers === | ===Online Gazetteers=== | ||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/research/places/?reqParents=264&reqParentsLabel=Northern%20Ireland%2C%20United%20Kingdom&reqParentsType=580 FamilySearch Places] | |||
*[https://www.familysearch.org/research/places/?reqParents=264&reqParentsLabel=Northern%20Ireland%2C%20United%20Kingdom&reqParentsType=580 FamilySearch Places] | |||
*[https://streetdirectories.proni.gov.uk/ Northern Ireland Street Directory] | *[https://streetdirectories.proni.gov.uk/ Northern Ireland Street Directory] | ||
*[https://archive.org/details/viewsofbelfastco00lawr/page/n1/mode/2up Historic Sites in Northern Ireland, 1895] | *[https://archive.org/details/viewsofbelfastco00lawr/page/n1/mode/2up Historic Sites in Northern Ireland, 1895] | ||
* World Gazetteers at [https://archive.org/search.php?query=World%20Gazetteer Archive.org] | *World Gazetteers at [https://archive.org/search.php?query=World%20Gazetteer Archive.org] | ||
== Why Use Gazetteers == | |||
==Why Use Gazetteers== | |||
A gazetteer is a dictionary of place-names. Gazetteers list or describe towns and villages, parishes, states, populations, rivers and mountains, and other geographical features. They usually include only the names of places that existed at the time the gazetteer was published. Within a specific geographical area, the place-names are listed in alphabetical order, similar to a dictionary. You can use a gazetteer to locate the places where your family lived and to determine the civil and religious jurisdictions over those places. | A gazetteer is a dictionary of place-names. Gazetteers list or describe towns and villages, parishes, states, populations, rivers and mountains, and other geographical features. They usually include only the names of places that existed at the time the gazetteer was published. Within a specific geographical area, the place-names are listed in alphabetical order, similar to a dictionary. You can use a gazetteer to locate the places where your family lived and to determine the civil and religious jurisdictions over those places. | ||
| Line 209: | Line 213: | ||
There are many places within a country with similar or identical place-names. You will need to use a gazetteer to identify the specific town where your ancestor lived, the state the town was or is in, and the jurisdictions where records about the person was kept. | There are many places within a country with similar or identical place-names. You will need to use a gazetteer to identify the specific town where your ancestor lived, the state the town was or is in, and the jurisdictions where records about the person was kept. | ||
=== Gazetteer Contents === | ===Gazetteer Contents=== | ||
Gazetteers may also provide additional information about towns, such as: | Gazetteers may also provide additional information about towns, such as: | ||
*Different religious denominations | *Different religious denominations | ||
*Schools, colleges, and universities | *Schools, colleges, and universities | ||
*Major manufacturers, canals, docks, and railroad stations | *Major manufacturers, canals, docks, and railroad stations | ||
| Line 226: | Line 230: | ||
==References== | |||
== References == | |||
{{reflist}} | {{reflist}} | ||