Reviewer, editor, pagecreator
33,277
edits
Dominican Republic Colonial Records (view source)
Revision as of 16:58, 23 November 2020
, 23 November 2020Create Colonial Records Page
m (Create Colonial Records Page) |
m (Create Colonial Records Page) |
||
| Line 43: | Line 43: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Spanish Colonization (1809-1821) == | == Spanish Colonization (1809-1821) == | ||
The Spanish reclaimed Santo Domingo later that year but found the colony in economic ruins and demographic decline. After a rebellion is 1812, Spain's hold over Santo Domingo remained precarious. Following the rebellion of the Army in Spain during 1820, which restored the liberal constitution, some of the colonial administrators in Santo Domingo broke with the mother country; and on December 1, 1821, the Spanish Lieutenant Governor, José Núñez de Cáceres, proclaimed the independence of "Spanish Haiti" The ruler of Haiti invaded Santo Domingo and José Núñez de Cáceres surrendered the capital on February 9, 1822. | |||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Spanish_colony:_1809%E2%80%931821, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Spanish_colony:_1809%E2%80%931821, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
| Line 60: | Line 60: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
== | == Haitian Occupation (1822-1844) == | ||
The Unification of Hispaniola was the annexation and merger of then-independent Republic of Spanish Haiti (formerly Santo Domingo) into the Republic of Haiti, that lasted twenty-two years, from 9 February 1822 to 27 February 1844. On February 27, 1844, the Trinitarios (a secret society) declared independence from Haiti, backed by Pedro Santana, a wealthy cattle-rancher from El Seibo who commanded a private army of peons who worked on his estates. In the Dominican Republic, Independence Day is celebrated as February 27, the day of revolt against Haitian occupation. | |||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, " | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Unification of Hispaniola," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unification_of_Hispaniola, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 79: | Line 79: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== First Republic (1844-1861) == | == First Republic (1844-1861) == | ||
The Dominican Republic's first constitution was adopted on November 6, 1844. The state was commonly known as Santo Domingo in English until the early 20th century. In March 1861, Pedro Santana officially restored the Dominican Republic to Spain. | |||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, " | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Independence:_First_Republic_1844%E2%80%931861, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 97: | Line 97: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Spanish Colonization (1861-1865) == | == Spanish Colonization (1861-1865) == | ||
In 1861, Pedro Santana inherited a bankrupt government on the brink of collapse. Santana initially was named Capitan-General of the new Spanish province, but it soon became obvious that Spanish authorities planned to deprive him of his power, leading him to resign in 1862. On August 16, 1863, a national war of restoration began in Santiago, where the rebels established a provisional government. When the American Civil War ended, in March 1865, Queen Isabella annulled the annexation and independence was restored, with the last Spanish troops departing by July. | |||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, " | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Spanish_colony:_1861%E2%80%931865, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| width="20%" bgcolor="#CFF3FF" align="left" | '''Record collection''' | | width="20%" bgcolor="#CFF3FF" align="left" | '''Record collection''' | ||
| Line 115: | Line 115: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== Second Republic (1865-1916) == | == Second Republic (1865-1916) == | ||
By the time the Spanish departed in 1865, most of the main towns lay in ruins and the island was divided and the numerous military and guerrilla leaders began to fight among themselves. After years of hostilities, in June 1914 U.S. President Woodrow Wilson issued an ultimatum for the two sides to end hostilities and agree on a new president, or have the United States impose one. In April 1916, The United States began occupation of the Dominican Republic. | |||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, " | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Restoration:_Second_Republic_1865%E2%80%931916, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 133: | Line 133: | ||
|} | |} | ||
== United States occupation (1916-1924) == | == United States occupation (1916-1924) == | ||
United States Marines landed in Santo Domingo on May 15, 1916. In November, Wilson announced the imposition of a U.S. military government, with Rear Admiral Harry Shepard Knapp as Military Governor. In the 1920 United States presidential election Republican candidate Warren Harding criticized the occupation and promised eventual U.S. withdrawal. The occupation ended in 1924, with a democratically elected government in the Dominican Republic. | |||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, " | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#United_States_occupation:_1916%E2%80%931924, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 152: | Line 152: | ||
== Third Republic (1924-1965) == | == Third Republic (1924-1965) == | ||
Insert brief summary here. | Insert brief summary here. | ||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, " | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#The_rise_and_fall_of_Trujillo:_Third_Republic_1924%E2%80%931965, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 170: | Line 170: | ||
== Second United States occupation (1965-1966) == | == Second United States occupation (1965-1966) == | ||
Insert brief summary here. | Insert brief summary here. | ||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, " | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Dominican_Civil_War_and_second_United_States_occupation_1965%E2%80%9366, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 188: | Line 188: | ||
== Fourth Republic (1966-Present) == | == Fourth Republic (1966-Present) == | ||
Insert brief summary here. | Insert brief summary here. | ||
<ref>Wikipedia contributors, " | <ref>Wikipedia contributors, "History of the Dominican Republic," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_Dominican_Republic#Fourth_Republic_1966%E2%80%93present, accessed 23 November 2020.</ref> | ||
{| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | {| width="70%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="5" border="1" bgcolor="#F0F0F0" | ||
|- | |- | ||