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Naturalization Terms and Acronyms: Difference between revisions

Naturalization Terms and Acronyms (view source)

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'''Certificate of Registry:''' A certificate created by the Immigration and Naturalization Service to document immigrants who arrived prior to July 1, 1924 where no original arrival record could not be located.  
'''Certificate of Registry:''' A certificate created by the Immigration and Naturalization Service to document immigrants who arrived prior to July 1, 1924 where no original arrival record could not be located.  


'''Collective Naturalization:''' Granting U.S. Citzenship to a group of people through an act of Congress.  This happened as territories were acquired by the U.S., such as with the Louisiana Purchase. When the Louisiana Purchase took place in 1803, all individuals living in the Louisana Territory automatically became citizens. No individual documents exist in this process.  Native Americans became U.S. citizens through collective naturalization in 1924.   
'''Collective Naturalization:''' Granting U.S. citzenship to a group of people through an act of Congress.  This happened as territories were acquired by the U.S., such as with the Louisiana Purchase. When the Louisiana Purchase took place in 1803, all individuals living in the Louisana Territory automatically became citizens. No individual documents exist in this process.  Native Americans became U.S. citizens through collective naturalization in 1924.   


'''Declaration of Intention:'''  Also known as First Papers or Intention. The first step in the process of becoming a U.S. citizen.  The immigrant had to come before a court of record, state his intention to become a citizen of the United States, and to renounce forever all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, or state, sovereignty whereof at the time he may be a citizen or subject. The immigrant could submit his declaration of intention as soon as he arrived to the U.S., but most waited usually two years.  
'''Declaration of Intention:'''  Also known as "First Papers" or Intention. The first step in the process of becoming a U.S. citizen.  The immigrant had to come before a court of record, state his intention to become a citizen of the U.S., and to renounce forever all allegiance and fidelity to any foreign prince, potentate, or state, sovereignty whereof at the time he may be a citizen or subject. The immigrant could submit his declaration of intention as soon as he arrived to the U.S., but most waited usually two years.  


'''Denization: '''A type of naturalization used to obtain land. You could buy and sell land, but could not hold public office. There were no political privileges associated with denization.  
'''Denization: '''A type of naturalization used to obtain land. You could buy and sell land, but could not hold public office. There were no political privileges associated with denization.  
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'''Derivative Naturalization: '''Applied to women and children. Children automatically become citizens if their father naturalized. From 1855 to 1922, women became citizens if they married a U.S. citizen, or he naturalized while they were married. There is no paperwork created when a person naturalized through derivative naturalization.  In 1929, a Certificate of Derivative Citizenship could be obtained to prove derivative citzenship.   
'''Derivative Naturalization: '''Applied to women and children. Children automatically become citizens if their father naturalized. From 1855 to 1922, women became citizens if they married a U.S. citizen, or he naturalized while they were married. There is no paperwork created when a person naturalized through derivative naturalization.  In 1929, a Certificate of Derivative Citizenship could be obtained to prove derivative citzenship.   


'''Final Papers:''' Another name for the Petition. See Petition.  
'''Final Papers:''' Another name for the petition. See petition.  


'''First Papers: '''Another name for Declaration of Intention. See Declaration of Intention.  
'''First Papers: '''Another name for declaration of intention. See declaration of intention.  


'''FOIA: '''Abbreviation for Freedom of Information Act. See Freedom of Information Act.   
'''FOIA: '''Abbreviation for Freedom of Information Act. See Freedom of Information Act.   
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'''NR:''' Abbreviation found on the U.S. censuses from 1900 to 1930. NR stands for “not reported.” This was often found on the [https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Soundex Soundex cards] that index the U.S. Census when the census taker did not report naturalization information on the immigrant on the census page.  
'''NR:''' Abbreviation found on the U.S. censuses from 1900 to 1930. NR stands for “not reported.” This was often found on the [https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Soundex Soundex cards] that index the U.S. Census when the census taker did not report naturalization information on the immigrant on the census page.  


'''Oath of Allegiance: '''This type of naturalization during the colonial period was used to renounce all former country loyalties. This gave the immigrant full privileges, including voting and holding public office. In later years, the Oath of allegiance was given to the alien to sign when naturalizing. It can be found on Declarations of Intention, Petitions, and sometimes as a separate form.  
'''Oath of Allegiance: '''This type of naturalization during the colonial period was used to renounce all former country loyalties. This gave the immigrant full privileges, including voting and holding public office. In later years, the Oath of allegiance was given to the alien to sign when naturalizing. It can be found on declarations of intention, petitions, and sometimes as a separate form.  


'''PA:''' Abbreviation found on the US censuses from 1900 to 1930. PA is an abbreviation for "first papers."  The alien has filed his Declaration of Intention, and is in the process of naturalizing.  
'''PA:''' Abbreviation found on the US censuses from 1900 to 1930. PA is an abbreviation for "first papers."  The alien has filed his declaration of intention, and is in the process of naturalizing.  


'''Petition: '''Also known as "second papers" or "final papers." The petition was the final naturalization document submitted by the immigrant. From 1790 to 1824 there was a 3 year waiting period before the Petition could be submitted to the court. In 1824, the waiting period changed to 2 years.  
'''Petition: '''Also known as "second papers" or "final papers." The petition was the final naturalization document submitted by the immigrant. From 1790 to 1824 there was a 3 year waiting period before the Petition could be submitted to the court. In 1824, the waiting period changed to 2 years.  
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'''Report and Registry:''' From 1798 to 1828, a new immigrant was required to appear before a local court and register his arrival in the United States. For more information, click [https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/United_States_Naturalization_and_Citizenship#Report_and_Registry.2C_1798-1828 here].  
'''Report and Registry:''' From 1798 to 1828, a new immigrant was required to appear before a local court and register his arrival in the United States. For more information, click [https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/United_States_Naturalization_and_Citizenship#Report_and_Registry.2C_1798-1828 here].  


'''Second Papers:''' Another name for the Petition. See Petition.  
'''Second Papers:''' Another name for the petition. See petition.  


'''United States Citizenship and Immigration Services: '''Also known as USCIS. Created November 1, 2003 from the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services. The USCIS houses copies of naturalization records created after 1906. Order naturalization records through their [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.eb1d4c2a3e5b9ac89243c6a7543f6d1a/?vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextoid=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Genealogy Program].
'''United States Citizenship and Immigration Services: '''Also known as USCIS. Created November 1, 2003 from the Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services. The USCIS houses copies of naturalization records created after 1906. Order naturalization records through their [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.eb1d4c2a3e5b9ac89243c6a7543f6d1a/?vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextoid=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD Genealogy Program].  


'''USCIS: '''Abbreviation for United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. See United States Citizenship and Immigration Services.  
'''USCIS: '''Abbreviation for United States Citizenship and Immigration Services. See United States Citizenship and Immigration Services.  


'''Visa Files: '''Began with the Immigration Act of 1924. All aliens had to have a Visa to enter the United States. Visas had to be obtained at U.S. Embassies and Consulates abroad. Visa Files contain birth information, parents, children, previous residence and a photograph. Visa files, 1924-1944, can be obtained through the [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.eb1d4c2a3e5b9ac89243c6a7543f6d1a/?vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextoid=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD USCIS Genealogy Program]. This is the only naturalization related record that contains parents names. It also includes the immigrants birth date, birthplace, and other information.  For more details, see the USCIS Web site for [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.eb1d4c2a3e5b9ac89243c6a7543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=6690299f81bb8210VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD&vgnextchannel=6690299f81bb8210VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD Visa Files].
'''Visa Files: '''Began with the Immigration Act of 1924. All aliens had to have a Visa to enter the United States. Visas had to be obtained at U.S. Embassies and Consulates abroad. Visa Files contain birth information, parents, children, previous residence and a photograph. Visa files, 1924-1944, can be obtained through the [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.eb1d4c2a3e5b9ac89243c6a7543f6d1a/?vgnextchannel=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD&vgnextoid=d21f3711ca5ca110VgnVCM1000004718190aRCRD USCIS Genealogy Program]. This is the only naturalization related record that contains parents names. It also includes the immigrants birth date, birthplace, and other information.  For more details, see the USCIS Web site for [http://www.uscis.gov/portal/site/uscis/menuitem.eb1d4c2a3e5b9ac89243c6a7543f6d1a/?vgnextoid=6690299f81bb8210VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD&vgnextchannel=6690299f81bb8210VgnVCM100000082ca60aRCRD Visa Files].
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