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==Historical Background== | ==Historical Background== | ||
Romania is a secular state, and it has no state religion. Romania is the most religious out of 34 European countries.[1] and a majority of the country's citizens are Christian. The Romanian state officially recognizes 18 religions and denominations.[2] 81.04% of the country's stable population identified as part of the Eastern Orthodox Church in the 2011 census (see also: History of Christianity in Romania). Other Christian denominations include the Catholic Church (both Latin Catholicism (4.33%) and Greek Catholicism (0.75%–3.3%), Calvinism (2.99%), and Pentecostal denominations (1.80%). This amounts to approximately 92% of the population identifying as Christian. | Romania is a secular state, and it has no state religion. Romania is the most religious out of 34 European countries.[1] and a majority of the country's citizens are Christian. The Romanian state officially recognizes 18 religions and denominations.[2] 81.04% of the country's stable population identified as part of the Eastern Orthodox Church in the 2011 census (see also: History of Christianity in Romania). Other Christian denominations include the Catholic Church (both Latin Catholicism (4.33%) and Greek Catholicism (0.75%–3.3%), Calvinism (2.99%), and Pentecostal denominations (1.80%). This amounts to approximately 92% of the population identifying as Christian. | ||
<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Religion in Romania", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Romania, accessed | |||
According to the 2011 census, Protestants make up 6.2% of the total population. They have been historically been made up of Lutherans, Calvinists and Unitarians, although in recent years Evangelical Protestants, Pentecostals and newer Protestant groups spread and are holding a greater share. In 1930, prior to World War II, they constituted approximately 8.8% of the Romanian population. The largest denominations included in this figure (6.2%) are the Reformed (2.99%) and the Pentecostals (1.8%). Others also included are Baptists (0.56%), Seventh-day Adventists (0.4%), Unitarians (0.29%), Plymouth Brethren (0.16%) and two Lutheran churches (0.13%), the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Romania (0.1%) and the Evangelical Church of Augustan Confession in Romania (0.03%). Of these various Protestant groups, Hungarians account for most of the Reformed, Unitarians, and Evangelical Lutherans; Romanians are the majority of the Pentecostals, Baptists, Seventh-day Adventists and Evangelical Christians; while Germans account for most of the Augustan Confession Evangelicals (i.e. Lutherans historically subscribing to the Augsburg Confession). The majority of Calvinist (Reformed Church) and Unitarians have their services in Hungarian. | |||
Not to be confused with any of the above is the Evangelical Church of Romania (0.08%), an unrelated Protestant denomination. | |||
<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Religion in Romania", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Romania, accessed 22 April 2020. </ref><br> | |||
{| border="1" class="wikitable" width=45% | {| border="1" class="wikitable" width=45% | ||
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=='''Romanian Orthodox Church'''== | =='''Romanian Orthodox Church'''== | ||
===Writing for Records=== | ===Writing for Records=== | ||
*[ '''Google Maps search results for | *[https://www.google.com/maps/search/romanian+orthodox+churches+in+romania/@46.0282023,23.235981,9z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Romanian Orthodox churches in Romania'''] | ||
===Historical Background=== | ===Historical Background=== | ||
The Romanian Orthodox Church had 20.9 million members in 1992. The Church is autocephalous, meaning it is not subject to an external patriarch or archbishop, but has a relationship with the Eastern Orthodox Church. The highest hierarchical authority is the Holy Synod. Since 1925, the Church has been headed by a patriarch. There are six Orthodox Metropolitanates and ten archbishoprics in Romania. As of 2004, there are fifteen theological universities and more than 14,500 churches.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Romanian Orthodox Church," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_Orthodox_Church, accessed | The Romanian Orthodox Church had 20.9 million members in 1992. The Church is autocephalous, meaning it is not subject to an external patriarch or archbishop, but has a relationship with the Eastern Orthodox Church. The highest hierarchical authority is the Holy Synod. Since 1925, the Church has been headed by a patriarch. There are six Orthodox Metropolitanates and ten archbishoprics in Romania. As of 2004, there are fifteen theological universities and more than 14,500 churches.<ref>Wikipedia contributors, "Romanian Orthodox Church," in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia'', https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanian_Orthodox_Church, accessed 22 August 2018.</ref> | ||
== | =='''Uniate (Greek Catholic) Church'''== | ||
===Writing for Records=== | ===Writing for Records=== | ||
*[ ''' | *[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Greek+Catholic+Church+Romania/@46.1697614,23.9038899,17z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x474bf87278f8c9b7:0x7fb29e99dfc265d4!8m2!3d46.1697614!4d23.9060839 '''Greek Catholic Church Romania'''] | ||
===Historical Background=== | ===Historical Background=== | ||
The | According to the 2011 census, there are 150,593 Greek Catholics in Romania, making up 0.75% of the population. The majority of Greek Catholics live in the northern part of Transylvania. Most are Romanians (124,563), with the remainder mostly Hungarians or Roma. | ||
== | On the other hand, according to data published in the 2012 Annuario Pontificio, the Romanian Greek Catholic Church had 663,807 members (3.3% of the total population), 8 bishops, 1,250 parishes, some 791 diocesan priests and 235 seminarians of its own rite at the end of 2012. The dispute over the figure is included in the United States Department of State report on religious freedom in Romania. The Romanian Orthodox Church continues to claim many of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church's properties.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Religion in Romania", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Romania, accessed 22 April 2020. </ref> | ||
=='''Roman Catholic Church'''== | |||
===Writing to a Local Parish=== | ===Writing to a Local Parish=== | ||
To locate the mailing address or e-mail address for a local parish, consult: | To locate the mailing address or e-mail address for a local parish, consult: | ||
*[https://www.catholicdirectory.com/search_results?q=&location_value=Romania&country_sn=RO&location_type=country&stateSearch=&swlat=43.6186193&nelat=48.26518&swlng=20.2617591&nelng=29.77839999999999&lat=45.943161&lng=24.96676&faddress=Romania&place_id=ChIJw3aJlSb_sUARlLEEqJJP74Q#/ '''The Catholic Directory: Romania'''] | *[https://www.catholicdirectory.com/search_results?q=&location_value=Romania&country_sn=RO&location_type=country&stateSearch=&swlat=43.6186193&nelat=48.26518&swlng=20.2617591&nelng=29.77839999999999&lat=45.943161&lng=24.96676&faddress=Romania&place_id=ChIJw3aJlSb_sUARlLEEqJJP74Q#/ '''The Catholic Directory: Romania'''] | ||
===Historical Background=== | ===Historical Background=== | ||
According to the 2011 census, there are 870,774 Catholics belonging to the Latin Church in Romania, making up 4.33% of the population. The largest ethnic groups are Hungarians (500,444, including Székelys; 41% of the Hungarians), Romanians (297,246 or 1.8%), Germans (21,324 or 59%), and Roma (20,821 or 3.3%), as well as a majority of the country's Slovaks, Bulgarians, Croats, Italians, Czechs, Poles, and Csangos (27,296 in all).<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Religion in Romania", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Romania, accessed 22 April 2020. </ref> | |||
== | =='''Calvinist Church'''== | ||
===Writing for Records=== | ===Writing for Records=== | ||
*[ '''Google Maps search results for | *[https://www.google.com/maps/search/calvinist++churches+in+romania/@45.5150194,22.6731585,7z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Calvinist churches in Romania'''] | ||
===Historical Background=== | ===Historical Background=== | ||
In 1992 there were 650,700 Calvinists, mainly Hungarians. They have bishoprics at Cluj and Oradea.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Religion in Romania", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Romania, accessed 22 April 2020. </ref> | |||
In 1992 there were | =='''Lutheran Church'''== | ||
===Writing for Records=== | ===Writing for Records=== | ||
*[ '''Google Maps search results for | *[https://www.google.com/maps/search/lutheran++churches+in+romania/@45.5589369,22.6843277,7z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Lutheran churches in Romania'''] | ||
== | =='''Unitarian Church'''== | ||
=== | ===Online Records=== | ||
*[http://archives.unitarian.ro/ UNITARIAN TRANSYLVANIA ARCHIVES PROJECT], digitized church records | |||
===Writing for Records=== | ===Writing for Records=== | ||
*[ '''Google Maps search results for | *[https://www.google.com/maps/search/unitarian++churches+in+romania/@45.602853,22.6954967,7z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Unitarian churches in Romania'''] | ||
===Historical Background=== | ===Historical Background=== | ||
== | In 1992 there were 72,300 Unitarians, mainly Hungarians. They have a bishopric at Cluj. These sects share a seminary at Cluj.<ref> Wikipedia contributors, "Religion in Romania", in ''Wikipedia: the Free Encyclopedia,'' https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Religion_in_Romania, accessed 22 April 2020. </ref> | ||
=='''Pentecostal Church'''== | |||
===Writing for Records=== | ===Writing for Records=== | ||
*[ '''Google Maps search results for | *[https://www.google.com/maps/search/Pentecostal++churches+in+romania/@45.6906804,22.7178342,7z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Pentecostal churches in Romania'''] | ||
== | =='''Baptist Church'''== | ||
===Writing for Records=== | ===Writing for Records=== | ||
*[ '''Google Maps search results for | *[https://www.google.com/maps/search/Baptist++churches+in+romania/@45.7345915,22.7290028,7z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Baptist churches in Romania'''] | ||
== | =='''Seventh-Day Adventists'''== | ||
===Writing for Records=== | ===Writing for Records=== | ||
*[ '''Google Maps search results for | *[https://www.google.com/maps/search/seventh-day+adventists+churches+in+romania/@41.252049,22.3421862,5z/data=!3m1!4b1 '''Google Maps search results for Seventh-day Adventistschurches in Romania'''] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||